RFOS - Repository of Faculty of Organizational Sciences Univ. of Belgrade
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Evaluation of the performance measures in manufacturing cell formation
No full textIn this work, the Cell Formation Problem (CFP) within manufacturing systems is evaluated,
seeking to optimize production processes. Accordingly, the appropriateness of the existing evaluation measures for use in dynamic manufacturing scenarios is investigated with the view of enhancing their accuracy and efficacy. The obtained findings indicate the need to reevaluate the commonly adopted evaluation measures for CFP, potentially replacing them with data-driven and context-specific approaches. A quantitative methodology is successfully used to defines parameters that quantify the quality of evaluation measures, rendering such evaluation more robust and adaptable to specific contexts. While grouping efficacy is a commonly accepted measure in this research field, it was shown to exhibit drawbacks that do not justify its widespread popularity. In response to the identified research gaps, a refined objective function is proposed for the core CFP problem. This novel function is designed to enhance solution efficiency and accuracy, ultimately contributing to improved manufacturing processes. The aforementioned findings present a significant advancement in the understanding 2 and application of evaluation measures in the CFP domain, offering a foundation for further research and potential enhancements in manufacturing optimization practices
The Impact of Energy on Climate and Economic Stability: Forecast for Serbia
No full textIn the conditions of modern business environment of energy companies, studies of their impact on environmental protection are becoming increasingly important. The growing concern at the macro level of the resulting climate change due to energy production is justified. The ecological component in the business of energy entities is becoming a priority for the sustainable development of energy, and therefore must be thoroughly examined. The focus of this paper is to determine the impact of energy on climate change through the emission of Greenhouse Gases on the example of the Republic of Serbia. The paper also examines the long-term interdependence between key economic and energy indicators at the national level. The IPAT/Kaya identity was used for research purposes and three alternative scenarios of energy development in Serbia until year 2050 were developed. The obtained results point to different possibilities for the development of energy and its impact on climate. The importance of promoting renewable energy sources for environmental protection and overall economic stability is also pointed out through proposed alternative scenarios. Significant results were obtained for the predicted level of energy intensity for the observed period, suggesting how the development of energy in Serbia could affect economic stability until 2050
Improvement of consumer goods freight forwarding services by application of KPI
No full textKljučni indikatori performansi (KPI) predstavljaju važan alat za praćenje i
unapređenje pružanja špediterskih usluga i čine sastavni deo strategije upravljanja
preduzećem. Svrha ovog rada je definisanje skupa ključnih indikatora performansi za
unapređenje pružanja usluga u preduzeću za špediciju robe široke potrošnje. Cilj ovog
rada je da se prikaže mogućnost unapređenja usluga špedicije primenom definisanog
skupa ključnih indikatora performansi u posmatranom preduzeću. Namera ovog rada je
da se predlože mere za unapređenje pružanja špediterskih usluga robe široke potrošnje.
Definisani skup ključnih indikatora performansi za unapređenje najvažnijih špediterskih
usluga primenjen je na konkretnom primeru iz prakse. Na osnovu rezultata prikazanih u
ovom radu, može se zaključiti da posmatrano preduzeće uspešno posluje, ali i da je
potrebno da primeni neke od mera za unapređenje pružanja usluga, kako bi povećalo
efikasnost i efektivnost poslovanja
Predicting Stock Trends Using Common Financial Indicators: A Summary of FedCSIS 2024 Data Science Challenge Held on KnowledgePit.ai Platform
No full textPredictive analytics aims to empower finance professionals to make data-driven decisions, anticipate customer behavior, and navigate the complexities of the financial landscape. One of the tasks in this domain is the prediction of stock trend movements. The goal of the FedCSIS 2024 Data Science Challenge was to build such predictive models based on the financial fundamental data. Such models could have a vital role in algorithmic or manual trading, providing trading signals for
making decisions about the time and direction of stock trades. We describe the prepared dataset and challenge task. We also summarize the challenge outcomes and provide insights about
the most successful machine learning techniques applied
IBA-VNS: A Logic-Based Machine Learning Algorithm and Its Application in Surgery
No full textThe interpretability and explainability of machine learning (ML) approaches play a key role in the trustworthiness of ML models in various applications. The objective of this paper is to incorporate a logic-based reasoning in the ML model that is not only accurate but also interpretable and easily applied. More precisely, we propose a hybrid IBA-VNS approach based on interpolative Boolean algebra (IBA) and variable neighborhood search (VNS). IBA is chosen over traditional multi-valued and/or fuzzy logic techniques due to its consistency in preserving all Boolean axioms. The VNS heuristic is used for model training, i.e., determining the optimal logical aggregation function within the IBA framework for solving observed prediction problems. Obtained logic aggregation functions are easy to understand and may provide additional insight to the decision-maker. The proposed approach does not require any domain knowledge and is applicable in various domains. IBA-VNS is evaluated on several standard datasets. Further, IBA-VNS is applied to the real-world problem of predicting hospital length of stay (LOS), showing exceptional results in terms of interpretability and accuracy. In fact, the dataset is collected from the LabSerb program regarding colorectal surgeries in the period 2015–2023. The proposed approach extracted knowledge regarding the problem, i.e., the causal relations between the patient’s health condition and LOS, along with achieving an MAE of 1.144 days
Youth Project Engagement: The Role Of Educational Institutional Support
No full textThis paper aims to investigate the role of academic institutional support in extracurricular activities among youth (18-24 years old) in the Republic of Serbia. The research has been conducted among 1638 high school and university students. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze differences between groups. Key research results indicate that extracurricular activities such as student project engagement and participation in student organization plays crucial roles in students’ life. Students who participate more in projects perceive higher levels of educational support compared to their counterparts. The research results could be useful to create adequate policy recommendation and programs among higher institutions in Serbia
Navigating urban mobility: Clustering European cities based on shared vehicle systems complexity
No full textThe evolution of sharing economy and sustainability-focused
models, driven by digital innovation, has prompted extensive research to dissect
their essential components. Consequently, shared vehicle systems (SVS) and
business models promote efficient and sustainable urban mobility by providing
collaborative and accessible transportation solutions. This study aims to
segment 173 European cities based on the number of bikes, cars, scooters and
mopeds available to share via platforms, alongside population and area coverage
metrics. The results should indicate which cities lead the way and the available
shared vehicle portfolio in the leading ones. As a segmentation algorithm,
K-means was chosen. Three clusters emerged: townies comprises 151 smnaller
cities with abundant cars, solaris occupies solely Paris whose scores are the
leading ones, while capitalis includes 21 larger cities excelling in the number
of scooters. Significant disparities between clusters underscore the need for
sustainable urban mobility strategies. The results unravel distinctness among
SVS in European ities, providing valuable insights for future developments in
urban mobility transformations
Exploring Guest Preferences: A Focus Group Study on Airbnb Accommodation Attributes
No full textThis research paper examines the hospitality industry, which was significantly transformed by the sharing economy, focusing on peer-to-peer accommodation platforms like Airbnb. Through a study involving a focus group of 13 students, we aim to determine the hierarchy of accommodation attributes valued by guests in this new era of travel. The paper meticulously analyzes 14 potential attributes, ranging from the type of accommodation to host communication, and evaluates their relevance based on guest preferences. Our findings highlight that the type of accommodation, cleanliness, location, and overall rating emerge as principal considerations for guests, shedding light on the nuanced expectations within peer-to-peer accommodation. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of consumer priorities in the sharing economy and provides strategic insights for hosts and platforms striving to enhance guest satisfaction and competitive advantage
Youth for Contemporary Sustainable Transport Solutions: Insights from a Survey of Engineering Students
No full textThe adoption of innovative transport solutions is a challenge and to great extent relies on the attitudes and perception of user on prospects of new technologies where new services based on sharing economy stand out. Results show dissatisfaction with current infrastructure supporting sustainable transport and low satisfaction with bicycle and pedestrian paths. However, students believe technology can greatly enhance urban transportation efficiency. This study highlights the importance of researching students’ attitudes and provides a foundation for increasing their engagement in the development of sustainable transport solutions
Bridging Progress: Digital Transformation in the Western Balkans
No full textDigitalization has the potential to significantly impact the economic development of the countries of the Western Balkans. By embracing digital technologies, the WB6 can enhance productivity, attract investment, and improve governance. However, limited digital skills, insufficient infrastructure, and unfit regulatory frameworks are often impediments for realizing the full potential of digitalization. The WB6 must prioritize policies and investments that promote digital innovation and inclusivity to ensure sustainable economic growth in the digital era. Although the indicators of digital transformation show a positive trend, they are significantly below the average values for the European Union (EU). The WB6 lag behind the EU the most in terms of workforce education and the application of new technologies in company operations. Digital public services are still underdeveloped, and the number of citizens using these services is not sufficient to increase the efficiency of institutions