RFOS - Repository of Faculty of Organizational Sciences Univ. of Belgrade
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Application of blockchain in the sharing economy: Use case of ride-sharing platform
No full textApplications based on the business model of the sharing economy, which rely on traditional technologies, have trouble ensuring information traceability, transparency, and trust between their participants. Blockchain technology and smart contracts can help in overcoming these problems and improve efficiency. In this paper, the benefits that this technology can provide in support of sharing economy applications are presented. It also addresses which existing problems and challenges it can solve. The paper includes a use case of blockchain technology using the example of a ride-sharing platform. Although the participants and transactions in the described model are simplified, they are an excellent demonstration of how these technologies can improve the efficiency of the described system
Standards as means for self-regulation of sharing platforms to increase trustworthiness and safety requirements
No full textPrediction of Temperature and Precipitation Changes for Serbia Using Time Series Models with Machine Learning
No full textIn the past few decades, there has been an evident change in climatic conditions worldwide as well as on the territory of Serbia. Extremely high temperatures, heavy floods, and sudden changes in the weather are increasingly frequent occurrences that bring great social and material damage.
Climate change affects many economic sectors, like tourism and agriculture, which are potentially at risk. In Serbia, one of the vital economic sectors is agriculture. In order to act preventive, the main goal of this research was to predict the mean monthly temperature and precipitation for Serbia for periods 2021-2050 and 2071-2100. We collected a dataset titled ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1940 to present from the Climate Data Store. The dataset was analyzed and prepared to be used with SARIMA(X) and ARIMA(X) methods, which are utilized for prediction. The results that we identified are presented in this paper
Implementation of standard ISO 9001 in local self-government – example of municipalities in Republic of Serbia
Full text linkIn modern society, the functioning of a country relies heavily on the evolving activities and role of public administration. Implementing the ISO 9001 standard for Quality Management System demands significant effort and organizational capacity. This paper evaluates the implementation of ISO 9001 in local self-government institutions in Serbia, focusing on municipalities. It also examines the ISO 18091 standard, offering guidance for applying ISO 9001 in local government. Analysis was conducted using a questionnaire from ISO 18091's Annex A, enabling self-evaluation. Employees from various Serbian municipalities filled out the questionnaire, allowing local government authorities to assess performance across 39 indicators
THE INFLUENCE OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: EUROPEAN AND SERBIAN EXPERIENCE
Full text linkThe paper analyzes the potential of sustainable economic growth based on the implementation of circular economy principles. In the last decade, the circular economy has received rising attention worldwide as a way to replace the current production and consumption model based on a linear economy. By promoting closing the loop by applying the 6 R's (rethink, refuse, reduce, reuse, recycle, and repair) with a particular emphasis on municipal waste, sustainable development aims to achieve better harmony between the environment, economy and well-being of society. EU member states have implemented various policies and initiatives, such as the new Circular Economy Action Plan, which aims to increase recycling rates, reduce landfilling and promote eco-design. Additionally, the circular economy plays a central role in the new European Green Deal in its aim to tackle climate change. The Republic of Serbia has also recognized the importance of sustainable development and has developed its National Circular Economy Strategy, which aims to promote economic, social and environmental sustainability. Using European Statistical Office data from 27 European countries pertaining to the years between 2014 and 2021, this paper aims to examine the relationship between the circular economy, economic growth. Based on the cluster analysis, EU members are divided into two groups. Also, the results obtained from the regression analysis for EU member states were compared with the current state of application of the circular economy in Serbia, using comparable available data. Although the implementation of the circular economy in Serbia lags behind the EU average, there has been some progress in this period, with untapped potential for further growth. The results suggest that a circular economy provides opportunities to create competitive advantages and promote sustainable economic growth, which can be beneficial to decision-makers
The Energy Transition in the Western Balkans Countries: A Path to Sustainability
Full text linkThe aim of the paper is to review the achievements and possibilities of the energy transition in five countries of the Western Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia). According to macroeconomic indicators, the Western Balkans lag behind the members of the European Union. The transformation of the energy sector would accelerate the economic growth of the observed countries and provide the basis for achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. The greatest potential is present in renewable energy sources. In terms of the share of energy production from renewable sources, Albania and Montenegro are above the average values for the EU. According to the energy productivity indicator, all five observed countries are only at one third of the average values for the EU. Significantly worse achievements are an indicator of energy intensity, where the Western Balkans significantly lags behind the EU. There are also opportunities for significant improvements in energy efficiency. Initiatives such as the Energy Community and the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans provide opportunities for the development of the energy sector through regional cooperation and cooperation with the EU. The countries of the Western Balkans have also adopted national strategies for sustainable and clean energy
Testing independence in the presence of data missing completely at random
No full textThe initial focus is on the general results related to the asymptotic properties of non-degenerate U-statistics when the data are missing completely at random. Then, the focus is on the problem of testing independence using the estimator of Kendall's Tau. Specifically, limiting results are provided when employing several commonly used imputation methods. In addition, the results of empirical power studies are summarized, and directions for further research are presented
Exploring the ideation roadmapping framework
No full textThe starting point of successful innovation is the generation of creative ideas. Managing ideas is imperative for organizations to save on research costs, shape future developments and maintain their unique capabilities. Idea management is recognized as a critical component of the Fuzzy Front End (FFE) process, helping organizations capture and evaluate a wide range of innovative ideas. By employing idea management tools and procedures, organizations can manage the FFE in a more structured manner, reducing the risk of spending resources on ideas that do not align with their strategic objectives or customer needs. The significance of the FFE and idea management is exceptional in academia (numerous publications) and in practice (application of various software solutions). This paper aims to explain general steps of an ideation roadmapping framework based on a literature review and interpretation of existing idea management systems. The approach should serve as the foundation for developing a comprehensive algorithm for idea management, functioning as a support tool for both the FFE and subsequent stages of innovation projects
Regional variations in digital transformation: the impact of industry 5.0 on business quality performance
No full textAfter criticism of the technological orientation of Industry 4.0, many authors began to highlight the importance of Industry 5.0, which considers human-oriented values. This opened space for a lot of research on how people perceive new technologies in this environment and their relationship with the new paradigm – Industry 5.0. The paper aims to examine the relationship between familiarity with Industry 5.0 and business quality performance in SMEs through the workers’ perception of digitalisation (attitudes toward digitalisation, digitalisation usage behaviour, and digitalisation behavioural intentions). The results were obtained through a questionnaire conducted in six European countries divided into two groups according to familiarity with Industry 5.0 employing Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA). The findings implied the existence of significant relationships between familiarity with Industry 5.0 and quality performances through certain mediating variables. Additionally, a difference was established between the two groups of countries: High Familiarity Level and Low Familiarity Level. These conclusions benefit SMEs by facilitating change and technology adaptation. Positive perceptions drive the gradual adoption of digitalisation, boosting competitiveness through agility, innovation, and efficiency. The research offers insights for practitioners and policymakers to enhance SMEs’ competitiveness in Industry 5.0
ASSESSING SERBIAN IRON AND STEEL EXPORTS TO THE EU UNDER CBAM
Full text linkIron and steel products in Serbia is mostly oriented towards export to the EU market. The aim of the paper is to assess Serbian exports to the EU of various products from the iron and steel sector that will be covered by Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) and conduct a comparative analysis of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of these products to the EU. The findings of this paper suggest that 60% of total value of Serbian iron and steel exports will be effected by the CBAM. Additionally, it is observed that five specific iron and steel products dominate Serbian exports to the EU and are significantly exposed to CBAM regulations. Furthermore, the analysis reveals that the direct emissions associated with these products are, on average, 25% higher than the emissions within the EU, while indirect emissions are, on average, more than three times higher than those in the E