REPONIVS - Repository of Scientific Institute for Veterinary Medicine of Serbia
Not a member yet
1296 research outputs found
Sort by
Care of piglets and management of viral diseases of the digestive organs
No full textIn contemporary industrial pig production, there is a tendency to disregard the animals' biological needs, which has
deleterious consequences for their health and significantly impacts production efficiency. The health of suckling piglets
is a prerequisite for profitable pig production and is contingent on the conditions of their keeping, care, nutrition, and
health control. The control of diseases of infectious etiology on farms can be achieved through the implementation of
prophylactic and therapeutic measures, in addition to heightened oversight of professional services. Viral diseases of the
digestive organs represent a constant threat to pig production. It is a fact that one of the most prevalent health concerns
is the incidence of diarrhea. Diarrhea has been identified as a significant economic and health concern within pig
populations. In the majority of cases, therapy is symptomatic and frequently yields unsatisfactory outcomes.
Vaccination is not a viable option in most cases, and prevention and disease control are limited to implementing animal
hygiene measures. Following the implementation of standard animal hygiene measures on farms, the subsequent step is
to introduce internal and external biosecurity measures. This involves the monitoring of biosecurity indicators. In the
context of our research project, we undertook the monitoring of diseases affecting the digestive organs of pigs from
controlled farms. The objective of the present study was to provide a comprehensive overview of diseases of the
digestive organs of viral etiology
Vrste i značaj kulikoida (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) u prenošenju bolesti životinja
No full textCulicoides Latreille 1809 (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), je rod sitnih insekata poznatih kao
„komarčići„ ili u anglosaksonskoj literaturi no‑see ums, koji trenutno obuhvata 1 368 opisanih vrsta raširenih
širom sveta sa izuzetkom Antarktika i Novog Zelanda. Kulikoidi su vektori za više od 50 različitih arbovirusa,
parazitskih nematoda i protozoa, patogena životinja i ljudi. Virus plavog jezika i Schmallenberg virus su na našim
prostorima i u Evropi najvažniji arbovirusi životinja koje kulikoidi prenose. Posebno u severnom delu Evrope,
brojnost populacije kulikoida dovodi do smetnji u aktivnostima ljudi i životinja, a njihovi ubodi mogu izazvati
alergijske reakcije na koži. Na južnoj hemisferi, kulikoidi prenose i značajne patogene ljudi (Oropouche virus).
Rezultati istraživanja sastava vrsta kulikoida u Srbiji su ukazali da postoji visok diverzitet pri čemu su grupa
Obsoletus (subgenus Avaritia Fox, 1955) i grupa Pulicaris (subgenus Culicoides Latreille, 1809) najzastupljenije. U
Srbiji, prisustvo Culicoides imicola Kieffer, glavnog vektora bolesti plavog jezika u Mediteranskom basenu, još nije
ustanovljeno. Podaci o učešću kulikoida u ciklusima prenošenja bolesti se najčešće baziraju na detekciji patogena
u kulikoidima prikupljenim u prirodi. Dokazivanje kompetentnosti vrsta kulikoida kao vektora u laboratoriji je
kompleksno, zbog toga što je za njihovo uzgajanje neophodan specifičan sistem koji održava vodu u kojoj se
razvijaju larve u stalnom kretanju, određena temperatura, vlažnost vazduha, kao i poseban kavezni sistem za
držanje odraslih jedniki i polaganje jaja
Long-term surveillance of Dirofilaria immitis in wild carnivores from Serbia (2013–2025)
No full textIntroduction:
Dirofilaria immitis is a parasitic nematode primarily affecting domestic dogs but also found in wild carnivores. This study builds on previous findings 1, to further assess the prevalence of D. immitis in wild carnivores in Serbia and explore potential transmission risks to domestic dogs.
Methods:
A total of 962 wild carnivore hearts were obtained in collaboration with hunters or as a roadkill. The hearts were macroscopically examined, and the Dirofilaria immitis specimens from the positive hosts were stored in ethanol for further analysis.
Results:
During the research period from 2013 to 2025, total of 82 wild animals were positive for D. immitis. Infected species included 76 golden jackals (Canis aureus), 1 wolf (Canis lupus), 1 otter (Lutra lutra), and 4 red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). No infection was found in beavers, wild cats, beech martens, pine martens, badgers, weasels, or brown bears. A higher prevalence in golden jackals was observed, likely due to their habitat preferences in areas of lower altitudes, and riverine regions where mosquito vectors are abundant.
Conclusions:
The high prevalence of D. immitis in golden jackals suggests that they may represent an important reservoir for the parasite, especially in Serbia, where jackals have preference toward anthropogenically modified habitats. These habitats, which are often located in lower altitudes, and riverine areas, likely provide an abundance of mosquito vectors that facilitate the transmission of D. immitis. This finding highlights the increased risk of transmission to domestic dogs, particularly in regions with high jackal populations, and emphasises the need to monitor D. immitis in both wildlife and domestic dogs to prevent zoonotic transmission
Strategic response to the re-emergence of foot-and-mouth disease in Europe: national preparedness and biosecurity reinforcement in Serbia
No full textFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) was re-confirmed in Europe on January 10, 2025, in Germany after a 37-year absence,
followed by cases in Hungary (March 6) and Slovakia (March 21). FMD remains one of the most severe and economically
damaging transboundary animal diseases, with morbidity up to 100%. While adult cattle mortality rarely exceeds 5%, the
EU currently mandates culling all animals on infected farms, resulting in total (100%) mortality.
In light of the unfavorable epidemiological developments, the Republic of Serbia has launched targeted education programs
for veterinarians and commercial livestock producers. The agenda included raising awareness on caprine and ovine pox,
peste des petits ruminants; however, primary emphasis was placed on FMD as the most critical threat.
The education programs were divided into three core segments: current epidemiological trends, clinical and differential
diagnosis, and the implementation of biosecurity measures as a cornerstone of reducing the risk of incursion pathogens to
the countries and farms. Particular attention was given to the Operational Manual for Implementation of the Crisis Plan for
Control and Eradication of Foot-and-Mouth Disease (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management – Veterinary
Directorate of the Republic of Serbia).
A “round table” discussion followed, yielding key conclusions:Urgent strengthening of biosecurity protocols is crucial to
prevent pathogen incursion;Border control (land and air) is the first line of defense;A new Order on Preventive Measures for
FMD Introduction into Serbia (Official Gazette RS, No. 6/2025) has been enacted; Human activity- direct or indirect (vehicles,
clothing, footwear) and air transmission poses the highest risk; Monitoring of workers’ movements is essential due to travel
to possible FMD-affected countries; Passive surveillance represents one of the most effective methods for early disease
detection.
The Republic of Serbia recognized the importance of FMD prevention and implemented necessary measures.Oral & poster communication
Supplementary data for article: Wernike, K., Vasic, A., Amler, S., Sick, F., Raileanu, C., Daehn, O., Kampen, H., Silaghi, C.,& Beer, M.. (2025). Schmallenberg virus non-structural proteins NSs and NSm are not essential for experimental infection of Culicoides sonorensis biting midges. in Journal of Virology American Society for Microbiology., 99(0), e00343-25. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00343-25
No full textSupplementary material for: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/jvi.00343-25
- Related to published version: https://reponivs.nivs.rs/handle/123456789/117
African swine fever virus detection in environment and insects during an outbreak in Serbia
No full textAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious viral disease of domestic pigs and wild boar (Sus scrofa) caused by an
arbovirus- African swine fever virus (ASFV), which is classified into the family Asfarviridae. ASFV was detected for the
first time in Serbia in 2019 peaking in activity during 2023. While the primary route of ASFV transmission is direct contact
between animals and/or carcasses, the role of other transmission pathways, such as environmental contamination or
insects, remains largely unclear.Proceeding
Spatiotemporal analysis of African swine fever in wild boar in Serbia from 2020 to 2024
No full textAfrican swine fever (ASF) is a highly fatal viral haemorrhagic disease affecting pigs. This
study uses official surveillance data to investigate the persistence and spread of ASF in wild
boar populations in Serbia from 2020 to 2024. A total of 480 ASF cases were analysed, with
spatiotemporal clustering conducted via SaTScan™ and proximity analyses performed in the
Quantum Geographic Information System. The yearly prevalence of ASF in wild boar rose
steadily from 0.66% in 2020 to 1.47% in 2023. Seasonal trends showed a significant increase in
cases during winter (68%) and spring (24%). Five distinct clusters were identified,
predominantly near the borders with North Macedonia and Bulgaria, suggesting potential
cross-border transmission. Proximity to major roads was significantly associated with ASF
case distribution (p < 0.01), while proximity to water bodies and elevation showed no consistent
pattern. The findings highlight critical gaps in current passive surveillance systems, which
likely underestimate ASF prevalence. The study underscores the need for enhanced
surveillance in remote and wooded areas and proposes strategies to improve ASF monitoring
and control in wild boar populations.
Contribution: This study highlights the feasibility of cost-effective, non-invasive surveillance
methods for ASF detection, offering critical insights for low-income countries where resources
for intensive disease monitoring are limited. By demonstrating how environmental and
anthropogenic factors drive ASF dynamics, this research provides actionable strategies for
improving regional and global ASF control efforts
Low sensitivity of African Swine Fever active surveillance efforts in Serbia
No full textIntroduction: African Swine Fever (ASF) poses a significant threat to swine populations and the global pork industry. Effective surveillance is critical for early detection and control of the disease. However, active surveillance programs may face challenges in sensitivity, particularly in regions like Serbia, where ASF is an emerging concern. Methodology: This study evaluated the sensitivity of active surveillance efforts for ASF in Serbia, focusing on sampling strategies, diagnostic methods, and data analysis. Surveillance activities included field sampling in high-risk areas, testing of domestic pigs and wild boars, and assessment of diagnostic accuracy for early detection. Results: The analysis revealed low sensitivity in the current active surveillance framework, attributed to suboptimal sampling density, limited diagnostic reliability, and logistical constraints in high-risk regions. These limitations potentially delay ASF detection, increasing the risk of disease spread and complicating control measures. Conclusions: Enhancing ASF surveillance in Serbia requires improving sampling strategies, deploying advanced diagnostic tools, and addressing logistical challenges to increase detection sensitivity and safeguard the swine industry
Tefluthrin-induced mass mortality of farmed rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss) in Serbia: a case study
No full textWe present the first documented case of mass mortality in farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) linked to tefluthrin contamination in a freshwater stream. In June 2013, a twelve-day pollution event occurred in the Rogačica River, Republic of Serbia, resulting in the death of approximately 160,000 trout fingerlings and yearlings, with a total biomass of 4,190 kg. Water samples were analyzed for pesticide residues using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with an Agilent 1260 Infinity LC system (Agilent Technologies, USA) coupled to a 6460 Triple Quad LC/MS mass spectrometer. Water analysis revealed tefluthrin concentrations of 2.04 and 0.52 μg/L, representing 9- to 34-fold exceedances of the reported 96 h LC50 for rainbow trout (0.06 μg/L). The contamination originated from washing pesticide-coated corn seed in a local distillery, representing a previously undocumented source of aquatic pesticide pollution. This case highlights the vulnerability of aquaculture to agricultural pesticides, the particular sensitivity of early life stages of salmonids to pyrethroids, and the need for improved regulatory and biosecurity measures to prevent similar events