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High-throughput digital imaging and detection of morpho-physiological traits in tomato plants under drought
No full textAdvances in informatics, robotics, and imaging techniques make it possible to use state-of-the-art digital reconstruction technologies for high-throughput plant phenotyping (HTPP) affected by stress factors, as well as for the ontology of their structural and functional traits. Digital imaging of structural and functional features of the aboveground part of plants is non-destructive and plants can be monitored throughout their entire life cycle. In the experiment with tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.; cv. Gruzanski zlatni) grown in controlled environmental conditions and affected by gradual soil dehydration, we evaluated phenotypic traits and phenotypic plasticity by the PlantScreenTM platform using digital imaging of plant optical signals. In this study, 25 different morpho-physiological traits of the plant were evaluated during the precise control and monitoring of the water content in the soil. Different levels of plant water supply induced statistically significant differences in the formation of individual phenotypic traits. Several plant traits have been identified that are characterized by low variability in both well-hydrated and water-stressed conditions, as well as traits with high phenotypic plasticity. Geometric traits (especially Isotop, Round-2top, and Compside) showed a relatively low level of drought-induced phenotypic plasticity. However, functional and chemometric characteristics (ΔF/F′m, Rfd, Water-1, and ARI-1) showed the potential to exhibit rapid plasticity in water-stressed conditions. Our results confirmed that a high-throughput phenotyping methodology coupled with advanced statistical analysis tools can be successfully applied to characterize crop stress responses and identify traits associated with crop stress tolerance
Neksus savremenih usluga upravljanja vodama i ekosistemskih usluga agrošumarstva i njihov doprinos u rešavanju globalnih izazova iz lokalne perspektive
No full textThe majority of Global issues are more or less connected to water, since it has a crucial role for various aspects
of life and the environment. In spite of being practiced by many centuries across the Globe, the consideration of agroforestry
benefits in comparison to intensive agriculture is increasing, especially from the local level perspective due to different
natural features, climate patterns, legal and policy framework, etc. Link between agroforestry ecosystem services and
contemporary water management is documented in literature within different concepts, namely Natural Water Retention
Measures, Ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction, Ecosystem-based adaptation, Green Infrastructure, Nature-based
solutions. Regardless various definitions of these concepts, the common ground are services provided by ecosystems and
their benefits for humanity and biodiversity. In this study, contribution of the proposed nexus to tackle global issues is
underlined and natural water retention measures within agroforestry ecosystem services benefits are presented from the
Integrated Water Management Perspective.Većina uzroka globalnih izazova je povezana manje više sa vodom koja igra važnu ulogu za različite oblike života
i životnu sredinu. Uprkos primeni agrošumarstva širom sveta tokom vekova, sagledavanje njegovih prednosti u odnosu na
intenzivnu poljoprivrednu proizvodnju dobija na značaju, naročito na lokalnom nivou zbog raznovrsnosti prirodnih
karakteristika, klimatskih uslova, strateških smernica, zakonodavnog okvira i drugo. Povezanost usluga agrošumskih
ekosistema i savremenog upravljanja vodama je dostupna u literaturi u okviru različitih pojmova kao što su mere za
povećanje kapaciteta za zadržavanje vode, smanjenje rizika od katastrofa zasnovano na ekosistemima, adaptacija
zasnovana na ekosistemima, zelena infrastruktura, rešenja zasnovana na prirodi. Bez obzira na različite definicije koje se
koriste za ove pojmove, zajednički imenitelj su usluge ekosistema i njihove dobrobiti za ljudsku zajednicu i biodiverzitet. U
radu je dat prikaz doprinosa predloženog neksusa u rešavanju globalnih izazova, a predstavljene su i mere zaštite vodenih
resursa u okviru prednosti ekosistemskih usluga agrošumarstva iz perspektive integrisanog upravljanja vodama
Odrast vs. neoliberalizam: (ne)realna alternativa
No full textNeoliberalizam, kao neupitnii kvazi bezalternativni modus vivendi poslednjih decenija XX i prvih decenija XXI veka, kako država centra, tako i država poluperiferije, kao osnovni princip na kojem počiva ima neprekidni rast. Posledice ostvarenja na tom principu zasnovanih globalnih neoliberalnih politika očitavaju se, između ostalog, u sve dramatičnijim klimatskim promenama i globalnom zagrevanju, sveopštoj degradaciji i devastaciji životne sredine, nedavno okončanoj i potencijalno pretećim globalnim pandemijama, ekonomskim recesijama, te konstantno rastućoj i neodrživoj ekonomskoj i šire društvenoj nejednakosti. Konceptom odrasta, koji se razvio kroz kritiku navedenog, ukazuje se na granice (neoliberalnog) kapitalizma, ističe se njegova stvarna ekološka i socijalna neodrživost, koja je prouzrokovana kontinuiranom komodifikacijom i privatizacijom svega, ističe se nepodudaranje izmeu ekonomskog rasta i sveukupnog blagostanja, odnosno životnog standarda građana, itd. Istovremeno, sve aktuelniji i priznatiji teorijski koncept odrasta, ali i širi društveni pokreti koji su iz njega proizašli, ne zadržavaju se samo na kritičko-teorijskoj problematizaciji ideologije ekonomskog rasta, nego se bave i istraživanjem konkretnih i mogućih alternativnih pravaca održivije budućnosti. U radu se analizira i da li je koncept odrasta realna alternativa (neoliberalnom) kapitalizmu.Neoliberalism, as the unquestionable and quasi no alternative modus vivendi of the last decades of the 20th and the first decades of the 21st century, both in the states of the center and in the
states of the semi-periphery, as the basic principle on which it rests, has continued growth. The consequences of the implementation of global neoliberal policies based on this principle can be seen, among other things, in increasingly dramatic climate changes and global warming,
general degradation and devastation of the environment, recently ended and potentially threatening global pandemics, economic recessions and a constantly growing and unsustainable economic and wider social inequality. ‘The concept of degrowth, which developed through criticism of the above, points to the limits of (neoliberal) capitalism, highlights its real ecological and social unsustainability, which is caused by the continuous commodification and privatization of everything, highlights the discrepancy between economic growth and overall well-being, ie., the living standard of citizens, etc. At the same time, the increasingly current and recognized theoretical concept of degrowth, as well as the broader social movements that arose from
it, do not stop only at the critical-theoretical problematization of the ideology of economic growth, but also deal with the research of concrete and possible alternative directions for a more sustainable future. ‘the paper also analyzes whether the concept of degrowth is a
realistic alternative to (neoliberal) capitalism.Urednici: prof. dr Andrea Andrejević Panić, prof. dr Jelena Ješić i prof. dr Simonida Vukadinović; tehnički urednici: prof. dr Simonida Vukadinović, prof. dr Jelena Ješić, prof. dr Andrea Andrejević Panić i doc. dr Zoran Brlja
Reevaluation of economic growth through the prism of natural capital sustainability
No full textOvaj rad istražuje različite politike ekonomskog rasta kroz sočivo imperativa održivosti prirodnog kapitala. Ističu se ključne razlike između politike zelenog rasta i preporučenih politika stagnacije i usporavanja privrednog rasta, koje zagovaraju koncepti odrasta i post-rasta. Te se razlike očitavaju u činjenici da se koncept zelenog rasta i povezane politike ozelenjavanja temelje na pretpostavci da je budući ekonomski rast izvodljiv ako se preduzmu i implementiraju mere vezane za povećano korišćenje obnovljive energije, ekstenzivno recikliranje i prelazak s linearne na kružnu proizvodnju. Drugim rečima, zagovornici zelenog rasta ne smatraju da su fundamentalne promene u ekonomskim sistemima neophodne za rešavanje globalnih ekoloških problema kao što su klimatske promene, kriza biodiverziteta i drugi problemi povezani sa neodrživom eksploatacijom prirodnog kapitala. Nasuprot tome, kritika zelenog rasta iz perspektive odrasta i post-rasta tvrdi da takve politike ne mogu postići razdvajanje povećanja proizvodnje od potrošnje prirodnog kapitala. Shodno tome, ovi koncepti kritikuju ne samo ekonomski rast kao centralnu makroekonomsku kategoriju, već i dovode u pitanje potencijal zelenog rasta da obezbedi održivu globalnu proizvodnju i potrošnju u budućnosti.This paper explores the messages of various economic growth policies through the lens of the imperative of natural capital sustainability. It highlights the key differences between the policy of green growth and the recommended policies of stagnation and deceleration of economic growth, as advocated by the Degrowth and Post-growth concepts. These differences are evident in the fact that the green growth concept and the associated greening policies are based on the assumption that future economic growth is feasible if measures related to increased use of renewable energy, extensive recycling, and the transition from linear to circular production are implemented. In other words, proponents of green growth do not consider fundamental changes in economic systems necessary to address global environmental issues such as climate change, the biodiversity crisis, and other problems associated with the unsustainable exploitation of natural capital. Conversely, the critique of green growth from the Degrowth and Post-growth perspectives argues that such policies cannot achieve a decoupling of production increases from the consumption of natural capital. Consequently, these concepts critique not only economic growth as a central macroeconomic category but also challenge the potential of green growth to ensure sustainable global production and consumption in the future
Ekološki učinak zemalja i politika ozelenjavanja privrede
No full textKoncept zelene ekonomije je širi po obimu od zelenog rasta u smislu da se, pored ekonomskog i ekološkog aspekta, oslanja i na socijalnu komponentu održivog razvoja. To znači da politika zelenog rasta predstavlja instrument politike ozelenjavanja privrede kojim se povećava proizvodnja uz striktno uvažavanje eksploatacije prirodnog kapitala u razvoju privrednih delatnosti. Osnova politike ozelenjavanja privrede je da je moguć rast bruto domaćeg proizvoda po glavi stanovnika uz smanjenu potrošnju prirodnog kapitala, što se u teorijskom kontekstu objašnjava logikom koncepta radvajanja ekološke Kuznjecove krive. Izneta je hipoteza prema kojoj se ispravnost ovih analitičkih koncepata može potvrditi na osnovu najnovijih podataka o kvalitetu ekoloških performansi zemalja prikazanih u Indeksu ekoloških performansi (EPI) za 2024. i nivou bruto domaćeg proizvoda po glavi stanovnika. (BDP pc) u pojedinim zemljama, što implicitno dokazuje da vodeće ekonomije prednjače u sprovođenju politike ozelenjavanja privrede.The concept of green economy is broader in scope than the content of green growth in the sense that, in addition to the economic and environmental aspects, it also relies on the social component of sustainable development. This means that the policy of green growth represents an instrument of the policy of greening the economy through which production is increased while strictly considering the exploitation of natural capital in the development of economic activities. The basis of the policy of greening the economy is that it is possible to grow the gross domestic product per capita with reduced consumption of natural capital, which in the theoretical context is explained by the logic of the decoupling concept of the ecological Kuznets curve. A hypothesis was put forward
according to which the correctness of these analytical concepts can be confirmed based on the latest data on the quality of the environmental performance of countries shown in the 2024 Environmental Performance Index (EPI) and the level of Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDP pc) in certain countries, which implicitly proves that leading economies are at the forefront in implementing the policy of greening the economy
Disaster Management in the Western Balkans Territory – Condition Analysis and Conceptualization of the Cross-Border Cooperation Model
No full textThe main objective of the paper is analysis and proposal of a concept for establishing an efficient system for disaster management in the Western Balkan countries. After the breakup of Yugoslavia (1992), there has been no effective system for managing emergency situations, while cross-border cooperation in this respect does not exist at all. The paper provides an overview of the situation in the field of emergency and crisis management in five countries of the region and a concept of promotion and cross-border cooperation in this field. The results of the research show that no country in the region has adequate emergency and disaster management system and that, regardless of the negative experiences, an efficient multilateral cooperation system has not been established so far in this field (there is neither regulatory framework nor proposals for the model of organization and for the procedures or technical mechanisms that would make the above possible). Therefore, the concept of establishing the Regional Center for Disaster Management in the Western Balkans territory (RCDM-WB) is proposed as a first step in handling disaster situations that arise from natural phenomena or technical and technological accidents. This is the first scientifically developed proposal of this kind for the above-mentioned region
Nastava i medijsko nasilje
No full textMedijsko nasilje predstavlja najveći problem današnjice, kako u početnom porodičnom vaspitanju, tako i u kasnijem školskom obrazovanju i svakodnevnom životu. Uloga medija se zloupotrebljava, te nailazimo na sve veće probleme. Učenici u školama postaju žrtve medijskog nasilja, o kojem se mnogo ne govori. Nekako se toj temi još uvijek prilazi površno, a ni sankcije za takav vid narušavanja zdravlja nisu dovoljno isplanirane, niti se primjenjuju onako kako bi to trebalo. Nastava je svakako veoma težak i zahtjevan posao i proces, pa samim tim ova vrsta nasilja narušava sigurnost i normalno funkcionisanje svakog pojedinca. Više pažnje bi se trebalo posvetiti organizovanju čestih radionica sa praktičnim primjerima, gdje su uključeni svi učenici direktno u proces izvođenja radionica, kako bi se naučili ponašati u skladu sa ovim problemom. Veoma je značajno ih osposobiti za prevenciju ove vrste nasilja kako u školama, tako i u svakodnevnom životu, što u stvari i jeste cilj ovog rada. Problem ove teme se upravo i odnosi na pretjeranu prisutnost vršnjačkog i medijskog nasilja na uzrastu osnovnoškolske djece o kojem učenici obično ćute iz straha od posljedica. Porodica obično zadnja i kasno sazna za problem svoga djeteta, što svakako može imati negativne posljedice po zdravlje djeteta. Osim medijskog nasilja veoma je prisutno i vršnjačko nasilje u vidu drugih oblika ispoljavanja direktno u učionici, školi, na putu do škole, na igralištu i sličnim mjestima. Takođe je potrebno sve više raditi na prevenciji ovih vrsta nasilja putem predavanja, radionica, tematskih izložbi, sekcija na suzbijanju ovog poremećaja, saradnja sa psihologom i stručnom službom, roditeljima i sl. Posebnu pažnju i akcenat treba staviti na konkretne primjere, filmove koji govre o ovoj temi, te učenika uključiti u praktično izvođenje ovakvih vježbi gdje oni mogu na svojoj koži osjetiti šta to zapravo podrazumijeva i znači, te kako se izboriti sa takvim problemima.Media violence represents the biggest problem today, both in initial family education, and in later school education and everyday life. The role of the media is being misused, and we are encountering more and more problems. Students in schools become victims of media violence, which is not talked about much. Somehow, the subject is still approached superficially, and the sanctions for this type of health damage are not sufficiently planned, nor are they applied as they should be. Teaching is certainly a very difficult and demanding job and process, so this type of violence disrupts the safety and normal functioning of every individual. More attention should be paid to organizing frequent workshops with practical examples, where all students are involved directly in the process of conducting the workshops, in order to learn to behave in accordance with this problem. It is very important to train them for the prevention of this type of violence both in schools and in everyday life, which is actually the goal of this work. The problem of this topic is precisely related to the excessive presence of peer and media violence at the age of primary school children, about which students usually remain silent for fear of the consequences. The family is usually the last to find out about their child's problem, which can certainly have negative consequences for the child's health. Apart from media violence, peer violence is also very present in the form of other forms of manifestation directly in the classroom, school, on the way to school, on the playground and similar places. It is also necessary to work more and more on the prevention of these types of violence through lectures, workshops, thematic exhibitions, sections on the suppression of this disorder, cooperation with psychologists and professional services, parents, etc. Special attention and emphasis should be placed on concrete examples, films that talk about this topic, and students should be involved in the practical performance of such exercises where they can feel firsthand what it actually entails and means, and how to deal with such problem
Echoes of Conflict : Comparative Analysis of Post-Conflict Memory Politics and Security Implications in The Western Balkans
No full textThis paper examines the various approaches to memory politics in the Western Balkans, focusing on Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Croatia. By comparing how these countries have dealt with their violent pasts, this analysis highlights common trends and divergences in their strategies for reconciliation, memorialization, and historical revisionism. Additionally, the paper explores the
security implications of these memory politics and their impact on regional stability. The study offers insights into the successes and failures of these approaches and their implications for regional security, stability, and European integration. Understanding these security implications is crucial for promoting long-term peace and stability in the Western Balkans
Stable or Unstable? Evaluating the Strength Outcomes of 12-Week Resistance Training in Youth Judo Athletes
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of resistance training on stable versus unstable surfaces on strength performance in young judokas. Methods: The study included 18 young judokas (age: 13.2 ± 1.2 years) with 4.7 years of training experience assigned to either the URT (unstable resistance training) group or the STG (stable resistance training) group. Both groups performed the bench press and squat exercise for 12 weeks (3 sessions/week, 30–40 min each), with one group performing on the stable surface and the other on the unstable surface. The tests included the 1RM bench press and squat, maximal power output during bench press and squat (Pmax), abdominal strength test (AB60), and the standing long jump (SLJ). Results: Statistical analyses revealed a group × time interaction for AB60 (p < 0.02) in favor of the URT group. Significant main effects of time (p < 0.01) for the 1RM bench press, 1RM squat, bench press power, AB60, and SLJ were found. There were no significant effects for squat maximal power in both groups (p ˃ 0.05). Conclusions: Both unstable and stable resistance training effectively improved maximal strength and performance in adolescent judokas, with unstable training offering additional benefits in abdominal strength
Comprehending the Significance of Physical Fitness for Firefighters Occupational Performance
No full textFirefighting is a physically demanding job that necessitates peak physical fitness. Their responsibilities include providing rescue services, fire suppression, emergency medical services, hazardous materials mitigation, special operations, and other emergency services. The aim of this study was to analyze and emphasize the importance of physical fitness for firefighters' occupational performance. The main findings of the study suggest that physical fitness plays a crucial role in the job performance of firefighters, with cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular endurance, upper body and lower body strength, exerting the most profound impact on occupational task performance. The implications of this study indicate that although firefighters are capable of performing the required job tasks, their lack of fitness can cause significant strain, potentially resulting in harmful health effects over time. The paper reinforces the connection between physical fitness and job performance, emphasizing that while firefighters may currently meet job task requirements, their long-term ability to perform these tasks effectively is compromised by poor fitness. This adds to the understanding of how fitness directly impacts operational effectiveness and safety. Therefore, it is evident that physical fitness and exercise standards are essential in the fire service in order to improve health and safety of the firefighters