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Jovan Vladimir of Dioclea: Ruler Martyrdom and its Reception in Serbian Historiography
No full textAccording to the Serbian historical consciousness, Jovan Vladimir of Dioclea (Duklja, present-day Montenegro), who lived at the beginning of the eleventh century, is regarded as the first Serbian as well as first Slavic saint of the Western Balkans. He was, however, in the subsequent medieval and modern Serbian historiography, discussed as a minor historical figure or precursor of the saints from the royal Nemanjic dynasty. On the other hand, Jovan Vladimir should be understood as a part of a wider phenomenon of ruler martyrs, murdered out of political self-interest by Christians themselves, which was common in the newly Christianized lands on the northern and eastern periphery of medieval Europe. The aim of this study is to show that Jovan Vladimir, accentuating the insufficiency of the secular paradigm in (post)modern historiography, was not only a political leader, but should also be perceived as a saintly personality in accordance with the original textual material dependent on the Christian interpretative framework
The Relationship of the Pope Innocent III (1198–1216) and Local Rulers in Western Europe
No full textИстраживање током којег ће бити анализирана црквено-политичка дешавања са самог краја 12. и почетка 13. века у Западној Европи и на данашњем Балканском полуострву, подељено је у два поглавља: у првом се анализира однос папе Инокентија III и обласних владара у целој Западној Европи, како би се дошло до премиса из којих ће следити закључак о томе какав је однос папа развијао према владарима на Западу почетком 13. века, уопште, а аналогијом, и према владарима на територијама данашњег Балкана, што ће бити окосница другог дела ис-траживања, у којем се анализирају балкански владари с краја 12. и почетка 13. века, апстрахо-вани у ширем контексту односа духовне и световне власти у поменутом периоду. Дакле, фокус рада биће на односу папе Инокентија III и краљева на Западу, уз опис историјског контекста, и на могућим реципрочним утицајима владара и папе, а затим и на односу папе и балканских владара. Аналогијом у историјској методологији биће изведен закључак о томе какав је био однос папе Инокентија III са српским владарима из тог почетног раздобља владавине династије Немањића.The research has been based on the analysis of the historical sources from the period of the pontificacy of pope Innocent III (1198–1216) — Regesta Pontificum Romanorum 3 and letters of the Pope and it has been divided into two parts: first, the attitude towards the rulers of the regions of Western Europe and second,the attitude towards the rulers of the Balkans, which have demonstrated the Pope’s intention to expand influence of Rome in the western European areas and the Balkan region. The first premise in this study synthetically can be defined in the following manner — the attitude of Pope Innocent III to regional rulers, nobles and aristocrats was within the limits of his understanding of spiritual power, but there were also reciprocal influences, for example, in the case of Anders Sunesen, or in the election of Holy Roman Emperor, as well as in the relationship with Philip II Augustus, and even when the Pope wanted to exert his influence on the rulers of Armenia and Portugal. Pope Innocent III affected the setting up of rulers in Western Europe and strived to impose the super power of the Holy Roman Empire on the Scandinavian, German-ic, Gallic, as well as Pyrenean and Apennine regions. The following question should be asked — whether privileges granted by the Pope to the Church in Western-European areas may be considered equivalent to granting autocephaly to the local Orthodox Churches in the East, which, in the Middle Ages, was the exclusive right of the Emperor, and is not fully defined; or whether the emperor᾽s authority in the Church in the East was the same as the Papal privilege the West in the 12th and 13th century. Pope intervened in territorial and church relations in Dalmatia and Dioclea, in the areas where the local ruler was Vukan Nemanjić, by putting them under the jurisdiction of the Archbishop of Kalocsa. In a letter he sentto Vukan in 1203 the Pope warned him that the Serbs should return to Roman Catholic faith and obey the Archbishop of Kalocsa. He also stated that the Church in those regions should recognise him as a spiritual leader, reminding Vukan that Stefan, the Grand Prince (Zhupan) of Serbia, had already made a requestfor Papal legates, whose coming was hindered by the ruler of Hungary. It is a question whether the influence of Emeric of Hungary on the Pope was that great that the Pope consulted him whether the Serbian ruler should be sent the royal crown, or the Pope used Serbia to pacify the Hungarian ruler after the Crusaders’ conquest of Zadar 1202–1203
Serbia and Russia Mirroring Obtainment in Philosophy 1920–2020: Synoptic Reflexion
No full textРад представља анализу хришћанске и модерне идеје слободе. У првом делу овог рада се излажу основни елементи хришћанског појма слободе како је налазимо код апостола Павла, и то идеја ослобођења од греха као и начин хришћанског живљења слободе. У другом делу рада анализирају се кључни аспекти модерности као што су рационализам, аутономија и појам људских права, и њихов утицај на формулисање модерне идеје о слободи. У трећем делу се хришћанска и модерна идеја о слободи анализира у светлу антрополошких поставки које су им у основи.The paper presents the analysis of Christian and modern ideas of freedom. The first part denotes fundamental elements of the Christian idea of freedom as it can be found in the theology of Saint Apostle Paul, notably the idea of liberation from sin, and Paul’s views on how to live this freedom. In the second part, we have the analysis of the key aspects of modernity, such as rationalism, autonomy, and the notion of human rights, and how these ideas influenced the formulation of the modern idea of freedom. In the third part, the Christian and the modern ideas of freedom are analyzed in the light of their fundamental anthropological bases
Tatian the Syrian and His Place in the Development of Christian Theology
No full textТатијан Сиријац је на више начина важан за разумевање путева којим се кретало богословље ране Цркве. Његов апологетски рад се методолошки разликовао од других апологета његовог доба. Док су Јустин, Атинагора, Климент, Мелитон и други, покушавали да покажу како је хришћанство прихватљиво Грцима, Татјан жели да покаже његову надмоћ. Његов Дијатесарон му је обезбедио трајно и поштовано место у сећању Цркава Истока. Са друге стране, његов енкратизам, као и специфична схватања о Логосу, души и месту Старог Завета у хришћанском предању, сврставају га међу јеретике. Због тога анализа његових схватања представља неопходни елеменат разумевања развојних путева древног богословља.Tatian the Syrian is important in many ways for understanding the paths taken by the theology of the early Church. His apologetic work was methodologically different from other apologists of his time. While Justin, Athenagoras, Clement, Melito аnd others were trying to show how Christianity is acceptable to the Greeks, Tatian wants to show his superiority. His Diatessaron provided him a permanent and respected place in the memory of the Churches of the East. On the other hand, his encratism, as well as specific understandings of the Logos, the soul and the place of the Old Testament in the Christian tradition, classify him among heretics. Therefore, the analysis of his teachings is a necessary element of understanding the developmental paths of ancient theology
Γένοσ Συμβουλευτικoν and the Dissolution of the Conflict in the Clement's First Epistle to the Corinthians
No full textKlementovu Prvu poslanicu Korinćanima moguće je tumačiti u kontekstu povezanosti ranokršćanske epistolografije i retorike, a naročito deliberativne retorike. Cilj je te vrste retorike stimuliranje volje i emocija slušatelja za djelovanje u smjeru očuvanja jedinstva i stabilnosti političke (ili eklezijalne) zajednice i načina postojanja koji je najvjerniji paradigmama uspostavljenim u procesu njezina formiranja. Utjecaj na slušateljstvo u stanju konflikta i poticanje na djelovanje koje vodi miru autor ostvaruje konzistentnim argumentima, naglašavanjem etosa i evociranjem uspomena na povijesne događaje i osobe s kojima se adresati identificiraju. Klementova Prva poslanica Korinćanima posjeduje osnovne karakteristike deliberativne retorike: ona upućuje na kontekst budućnosti, ukazuje na prednosti i opasnosti konkretnog djelovanja, razjašnjava katastrofalne posljedice koje shizmatička svijest može imati u zajednici i ističe paradigmu mira i sloge kao način prevladavanja krize.Clement's First Epistle to the Corinthians can be interpreted in the context of the relation between early Christian epistolography and rhetorics, especially deliberative rhetorics. This type of rhetorics aims at stimulating will and emotions of its audience and calling it to act in the direction of preserving unity and stability of political (or ecclesial) community and those ways of living that arc most loyal to paradigms established in the process of its formation. The influence on the audience in the state of conflict and call to action that leads to peace is achieved by the author through consistent arguments, emphasising the ethos and evoking memories of historical events and fig-tires with which the audience can identify itself Clement's Epistle possesses basic characteristics of deliberative rhetorics it contains directedness to the context of the future, points out advantages mid dangers of concrete activity, elaborates on catastrophic consequences that schismatic mindset can have in the community, and emphasises the paradigm of peace and unity as the way of overcoming the crisis
Радомир Б. Ракић, Преводи Светога Писма кроз историју, Уџбеници и Приручници 3, Издавачка фондација Српске православне Цркве Архиепископије Београдско-карловачке, Београд 2020
No full textChristians as “Tertium Genus” in the Context of Church Jurisdiction
No full textThis paper aims to analyse the question of whether Christians perceived themselves as a distinct ethnicity in the first centuries and to discuss the relationship between Christian identity and ethnic/national identity, especially in the context of church organization. In the first part of this paper, we are going to present the arguments of the two ecclesiological conceptions as well as the historical circumstances that induced the formulation and systematization of their argumentation. The jurisdictional disputes of the 20th century were the factors that intensified the controversy over national identity as a factor in church jurisdiction. In the second part of the paper, we are going to discuss the concept of Christians as the "third race" in early Christian and pagan sources, in order to answer the question whether, according to early Christian theology, church identity was excluding ethnical identity. It is concluded that Christians were a "third race" exclusively in religious terms, in relation to Greeks and Jews, and that they were not summoned to reject their own ethnicity and to form a new nation on religious grounds. Organizing dioceses on a national basis, being in a collision with the canonical territorial principle, was thought to serve the Church's main purpose - the salvation of people, in the sense that believers had the opportunity to have bishops who could understand their mentality, language, and customs
St. Augustine: Admirabile Commercium and Deification
No full textУчење о обожењу је дуго истицано као посебност источне православне теологије, које нема парњака код латинских отаца. Протестантски теолози су ово учење сводили на утицај паганства и објашњавали га као један од показатеља нездраве хеленизације јеванђеоске науке. Према општој сагласности савремених истраживача, Свети Августин не само да говори о обожењу, већ обожење заузима значајно место у његовом теолошком систему. Покушаћемо да анализирамо најзначајније аспекте Августиновог учења о обожењу у контексту његове опште теолошке позиције.The teaching of deification has long been emphasized as a peculiarity of Eastern Orthodox theology, which is unmatched by Latin fathers. Protestant theologians reduced this teaching to the influence of paganism and explained it as one of the indicators of the unhealthy Hellenization of Gospel science. According to the general agreement of contemporary scholars, St. Augustine not only speaks of deification but deification occupies a significant place in his theological system. We will try to analyze the most significant aspects of Augustine’s teaching on deification in the context of his general theological position
Legacies and Special Libraries in the Library of the Faculty of Orthodox Theology at The University of Belgrade
No full textРад је резултат истраживања о легатима и библиотекама целинама који су похрањени у библиотеци Православног богословског факултета Универзитета у Београду. Издвојене су мање познате чињенице о овом фонду који има изузетaн значај за националну културу и који је у прошлости представљао основ образовања не само свештенства, већ и академске, културне и политичке елите Србије. Указано је на историјски и друштвени контекст у којем су легати похрањивани у Библиотеку, али и на њихове власнике, специфичности и садржаје збирки. Радом се истиче целокупна вредност ових збирки које су литературом обогатиле фонд Библиотеке и тиме допринеле усавршавању високообразовног кадра, и као такве, требало би их сагледати са историјског, културног и научног аспекта.This work comes as the result of researching legacy collections and special libraries belonging to the University of Belgrade - Faculty of Orthodox Theology. Set apart are less known facts about this fund, which is an exceptionally significant part of national culture, and in the past, had represented an educational base not only for the clergy but for the academic, cultural and political elite of Serbia as well. Special attention was given to the historic and social context in which legacy collections had been stored within the library, as well as their owners, their fine points and contents. This work highlights a total value of the mentioned legacy collections that have enriched library’s funds and played a fine role in extending studies of the academically educated personnel, and, as such, the collections should be perceived from the historical, cultural and scientific aspects