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    Foreward:: Evaluation, reflection, comment and analysis : twenty years of Image & Text

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    Image & Text was conceptualised at the dawn of South Africa’s radical socio-political transformations and has become a mirror that reflects the changes in the country’s history and the impact on disciplines such as design, fine art, art history, popular culture, visual studies, and social anthropology. Over the past two decades, Image & Text has provided a platform for critical discourse that resulted in a large body of mainly new knowledge. Since 1992, Image & Text has published more than 170 articles, editorials and reviews by around 120 authors, spanning close to 1,600 pages. This is an impressive track record when one considers that most feature articles were peer-reviewed and therefore many more did not make it to the publishing stage. The editorial focus, quality of articles and ever-expanding scope of inclusive discourse that the journal has facilitated over the years are noteworthy in the South African visual culture landscape.

    From the Editor

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    An examination of the South African corporate law through the lens of ubuntu

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    This article submits that ubuntu is indubitably a constitutional value which informs the constitutional era. Constitutional supremacy mandates that all values and principles of the Constitution must be observed to avoid invalidation. As a result of this constitutional obligation, this article intends to examine the inclusion of ubuntu as a constitutional principle in South African corporate law. To achieve this objective, the article employs doctrinal legal research methodology, also known as the black letter law, which encompasses scrutiny of various relevant legal sources. This research methodology is selected due to its ability to address the question of what the law is. In this case, the article intends to determine the position of ubuntu as a constitutional principle in the context of the South African corporate law. The conclusion reached is that the South African corporate law contains significant traces of the ontological elements of ubuntu. This is reinforced by the clear correlation between the values of ubuntu and corporate law principles. Accordingly, several South African corporate law concepts seem to correlate with the principles of ubuntu. A number of examples are expounded upon. Nonetheless, there is still no express inclusion of ubuntu in corporate law

    Book Reviews

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    Archival Practice and the Historiography of Education in South Africa: An Overview of Government Collections on Education

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    Archives provide a large part of the raw materials with which historians construct histories. How these repositories arrange this material, and what they consider as priorities for accessioning it, have a profound influence on what material is more within reach for historians. An investigation into the records available at the National Archives and Records Services of South Africa (NARSSA), for a collaborative project focused on researching and writing the histories of universities in South Africa, shed significant light on both the extremely fragmented nature of the record of education in South Africa, as well as on substantial challenges related to its accessibility. Before the historian of education can engage with the government’s record on education in South Africa, the splintered timeline of education administration must be reconstructed. Furthermore, once the historians of education then enters the NARSSA space, they are confronted with the fact that only a small fragment of this record has been described in archival finding aids. After pondering this state of affairs, this article considers the historiography of education in South Africa, examining the sources that have been used to construct narratives of the history of education, as well as how trends in this historiography could be viewed as reflecting the state of the archives. The article also offers some thoughts on the potential pitfalls and insights which await the industrious historian of education in these unaccessioned collections of the NARSSA

    Teachers and the Epistemology of History

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    Re-visioning space, justice and belonging in the capital city of Pretoria/Tshwane: ’n Herbeskouing van Ruimte, Geregtigheid en Tuiste in Pretoria/Tshwane as Hoofstad

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    Die hoofoogmerk van hierdie artikel is om tentatief te besin oor die moontlikhede van ’n herbeskouiïng van ruimte, geregtigheid en tuiste in Pretoria/Tshwane as hoofstad. Ten einde hierdie oogmerk aan te spreek fokus ek op drie kwessies: eerstens die nodigheid vir ’n teoretiese omgaan en intervensie in die proses van herskouiïng. Die opvatting soos geformuleer deur Henri Lefebvre, naamlik die ‘reg op die stad’ is sentraal tot meeste werk aangande die stad en onderlê al vier artikels wat volg op hierdie een. Tweedens beskou ek die benaderings van Hannah Arendt en Jacques Ranciere ten einde die reg op die stad te herbedink en derdens betrek ek idees aangaande herbeskouiïng, herbetowering en die verbeelding. Hierdie artikel asook die vier artikels wat hierop volg is navorsing voortvloeiend uit die “Capital Cities” Institusionele Navorsings Tema van die Universiteit van Pretoria

    Law and the city: Keeping the poor on the margins: Die Reg en die Stad: Om Armes op die Marge te Hou

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    In hierdie artikel ontleed ek die Tswelopele beslissing van die Hoogste Hof van Appèl en die Schubart Park beslissing van die Grondwetlike Hof ten einde sommige van die kompleksiteite van die verhouding tussen die reg en armoede te illustreer. Ek fokus spesifiek op die keuse van die twee howe om direk op die Grondwet te steun eerder as op toepaslike gemenereg en op die wyse waarop daar in die twee beslissings met die feite omgegaan is. Ek wys uit dat beide hierdie aspekte van die beslissings, ten spyte van die positiewe praktiese uitkomste in die sake vir arm mense, die heersende ideologies-gelaaide siening van arm mense as anders, of abnormaal onderskraag en bevestig en so saamwerk in ’n ideologiese projek van depolitisering van armoede

    The Latent Maritime Potential of BRICS+: A Time for Realignment

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    BRICS+[1] comprises Brazil, China, India, Russia, South Africa, the United Arab Emirates, Iran, Ethiopia and Egypt. This grouping encompasses vast land and maritime areas rich in human and natural capital across Eurasia, East and South Asia, the Persian Gulf, Africa and the East coast of South America. Despite their geographical dispersion, BRICS+ members are interconnected by maritime routes traversing the South Atlantic, Indo-Pacific, Red Sea, the Southern Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. The link between maritime trade and the global economy, coupled with BRICS+\u27s declared focus on cooperation, development and trade, underscores the significance of also researching their maritime agendas. However, BRICS+ as a maritime entity remains underexplored, presenting a paradox of a proclaimed economic, trade and development agenda without attending to ocean agendas, maritime economics and maritime security settings. This gap was highlighted during the 2018 BRICS meeting in South Africa, but has since been largely overlooked. This disconnect presents a research opportunity to explore the maritime dimension, potential opportunities and future pathways for BRICS+, either as a block or dispersed maritime player. [1] In this chapter, BRIC refers to Brazil, Russia, India, China, and BRICS refers to Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa. BRICS+ refers to Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and then the new members Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran, with Saudi Arabia (membership pending) and the United Arab Emirates that joined in 2024. Argentina declined the invitation to join, but Indonesia joined in 2025

    Individual student support and counselling for undergraduate pharmacy students at an historically disadvantaged institution

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    Many students who meet higher education admission standards struggle in their respective programmes because they lack the necessary skills and/or abilities to navigate complex institutions of higher education. This study aimed to determine individual counselling\u27s role in pharmacy students\u27 academic performance in a problem-based learning (PBL) programme at a South African University. Students identified as “at-risk” of failing were the focus, and the study was retrospective, cross-sectional and quantitative. This article presents possible individualised remedial measures that can be applied to reduce the attrition rate and stimulate success among a diverse student body in the BPharm programme. Early monitoring and evaluation of students “at-risk” of failing from across all year groups ensure the long-term success of activities and plans in a diverse atmosphere, effectiveness, efficiency, and accountability to the stakeholders.   Keywords: BPharm students, problem-based learning programme, “at-risk”, counselling/support, individual pass rates

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