UP Journals (Univ. of Pretoria)
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Diverse probleme rondom die bestaan en geldigheid van ’n testament by die dood van die erflater (deel 2)
No full textExecuting a will is an important step in estate planning. A will gives the testator the opportunity to bequeath his assets and to indicate how he wants his estate to be distributed after his death. Not only is the proper execution of a will important but it should be updated regularly and carefully to provide for changed circumstances. The will must accordingly be readily available for the testator to amend or revoke. The availability of the will after the testator’s death is crucial in order for the administration process to commence. Although an easy accessible will can lead to problems surrounding the authenticity of the will, it can contribute to the prompt administration of the estate as it must be submitted to the master in terms of the Administration of Estates Act.
In this article numerous problems relating to the existence, availability and recovery of a will at the death of the testator are discussed. Interrelated issues such as forgery, lost wills, missing wills, concealment of wills and revocation by destruction of a will are discussed with reference to case law and other examples. Questions as to the proper custody of the will, before and after the death of the testator, resolving disputes amongst next-of-kin, and the onus of proof, are discussed. Cases that in fact dealt with common law lost wills, but where section 2(3) condonation applications were incorrectly brought, are discussed. Possible resolutions for the miscellaneous problems with wills are explored and recommendations made to solve potential problems
Editorial: In memoriam Speaking across generations: Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela 1918 - 2013
No full textSection 85 of the National Credit Act 34 of 2005: thoughts on its scope and nature: Artikel 85 van die Nasionale Kredietwet 34 van 2005: Gedagtes oor die Strekking en Aard Daarvan
No full textDie Nasionale Kredietwet 34 van 2005 het groot omwentelinge in die Suid-Afrikaanse kredietlandskap meegebring deur die invoering van die skuldverligtingsremedies ten aansien van oorverskuldigdheid en roekelose krediet. Dit is veral die konsep van oorverskuldigdheid wat op ’n prosedurele vlak ’n wesenlike invloed het op ’n kredietverskaffer se reg op skuldinvordering. Die Nasionale Kredietwet bevat verskeie bepalings wat aan ’n verbruiker toegang tot die skuldhersieningsproses bied, naamlik artikel 86(1) wat voorsiening maak vir die verbruiker om vrywillig aansoek te doen om skuldhersiening, artikel 85 wat ’n hof magtig om in te gryp indien dit in enige verrigtinge beweer word dat ’n verbruiker oorverskuldig is, artikel 86(11) wat voorsiening maak vir hervatting van ’n skuld-hersiening wat beëindig is, artikel 130(4)(c) wat toegang tot skuld-hersiening bewerkstellig in gevalle waar die kredietverskaffer nie aan die bepalings van die Kredietwet voldoen het nie. Hierdie bydra ondersoek die aard van die bepalings in artikel 85 en die prosesregtelike interaksie daarvan met die ander bepalings in die Kredietwet wat betrekking het op skuldhersiening. Dit spreek aspekte aan soos wie die prosedure mag gebruik, asook op watter stadium en onder welke omstandighede dit gebruik mag word. Dit stel ook ondersoek in na die verskille tussen die diskresie van die hof, asook die hof se verwysings- en skuld-herstruktureringsbevoegdhede, ingevolge artikel 85(a) en (b) onder-skeidelik
The regime of forfeiture of patrimonial benefits in South Africa and a critical analysis of the concept of unduly benefited: Die Leerstuk van die Verbeurdverklaring van Vermoënsregtelike Voordele in Suid-Afrika en ’n Kritiese Ontleding van die Konsep van Onbehoorlike Voordeel
No full textHierdie artikel poog om die verbeurdverklaring van vermoëensregtelike voordele van die huwelik in die Suid-Afrikaanse reg volledig te bespreek. Die Suid-Afrikaanse howe is gereeld genader om sulke bevele in egskeidings sake te maak vandat die Romeins-Hollandsereg in Suid-Afrika aangeneem is. Hierdie kwessie is eers in 1979 in die Wet op Egskeidings artikel 9(1) gereguleer. Hierdie artikel fokus spesifiek op artikel 9(1) van die Wet en bespreek die faktore wat die howe in ag mag neem as verbeurdverklaringsbevele toegestaan word. Daar word egter geargumenteer dat die howe gevaal het om artikel 9(1) behoorlik te interpreter, aangesien hulle nie riglyne in verband met die betekenis van “onbehoorlike voordeel” (soos dit in die wetsartikel verskyn) voorsien het nie
Mental health care in Mamelodi: Disadvantaged geographical positioning in a South African township: Geestesgesondheidsorg in Mamelodi: Benadeelde Geografiese Posisionering in ’n Suid-Afrikaanse Township
No full textHierdie artikel fokus op die huidige geestelike gesondheidsorglandskap in Suid-Afrika binne die konteks van die Suid-Afrikaanse Grondwet, sowel as die Wet op Geestesgesondheidsorg en die Millennium Ontwikkelings-doelwitte vir Afrika. Teen hierdie agtergrond bespreek dit die werk wat gedoen word by die Itsoseng Gemeenskapskliniek in Mamelodi, ’n siel-kunde dienspunt. Alternatiewe benaderings tot werk gedoen met kwesbare kinders word in die besonder aangebied en oor gereflekteer in terme van om moontlikhede uit te wys om die tekort aan hulpbronne aan te spreek vir voldoende en effektiewe geestesgesondheidsorg in die huidige Suid-Afrikaanse gesondheidsorg konteks. Die kliniek neem ’n sistemiese benadering tot dienslewering aan wat dikwels versorgers sowel as kinders in behandelingsplanne insluit. Met verloop van tyd het die kliniekpersoneel bevind dat verskeie groepwerkmetodes, wat nie-verbale behandelings betrek, effektief is. Die doeltreffendheid van hierdie behandelingsmetodes word tans ondersoek deur \u27n deurlopende waglys-studie uit kommer oor die baie kinders wat op die waglys sit vir tot 8 maande
A tale of two expropriations: Newcrestia and Agrizania: ’n Verhaaltjie Omtrent Twee Onteienings: Newcrestia en Agrizania
No full text’n Regsvergelyking word getref tussen die destydse belangwekkende uitspraak van High Court van Australië in Newcrest Mining (WA) Ltd v The Commonwealth en die onlangse Agri SA reeks van sake teen die Departement van Minerale in Suid-Afrika. Beide die geskille het gehandel oor die vraag of die mineraalregte/mynregte deur wetgewing, wat die bedryf van mynbou of vervreemding van regte op een of ander wyse verbied het, onteien word. Die artikel fokus op die betekenis wat aan die begrippe “ontneming” en “verkryging”, as synde elemente van ont-eiening, toegedig word. Ondanks soortgelyke feitestelle en regsbeginsels rondom onteiening word verskillende resultate in die beslissings bereik. Daar word gepoog om die verskillende resultate te verklaar. By afloop van ’n regsvergelykende analise word tot ’n slotsom geraak omtrent die juistheid en wysheid van die onderskeie beslissings
Malatji v Gauteng Building Provident Fund, Alexander Forbes Financial Services (Pty) Ltd and LR Civil (Pty) Ltd (PFA/NP/9447/2011/LMP) (unreported): Paying the price for being a careless employer or simply rewarding myopic employees
No full textSeychelles and Mauritius as Pioneers: The Case for a Refined Conceptualisation of Small State Foreign Policy
No full textIn traditional small state literature, small states are often relegated to the periphery. They are characterised as ‘rule-takers’ rather than ‘rulemakers’, lacking the resources to be proactive on the global stage and perpetually defined by a power deficit. Consequently, small state foreign policy behaviour is presumed to be driven by an enduring sense of dependence, with such states consistently aligning their policies with those of major players. This article challenges such assertions, arguing they reflect an outdated understanding of small state behaviour and power. By examining the cases of Seychelles and Mauritius, two Small Island Developing States in the South-West Indian Ocean, this article demonstrates that they defy these traditional notions. Through a thematic analysis of official government speeches from 2017 to 2024 and drawing on Holsti’s conception of role theory, the article argues that these two islands are actively enacting the role of ‘pioneers’, directly contrasting with dependency-based foreign policy frameworks. Beyond expanding on the foreign policy of small states to include an ‘interdependent foreign policy’ (IFP) orientation, this article also shows that the role of ‘pioneer’ carries its own form of power, offering an alternative perspective on how small, oceanic states can assert influence in international relations
Navigating Stormy Waters: Kenya’s Maritime Threats and the Balancing Act of External and Domestic Responses
No full textThis article investigates contemporary threats in Kenya’s maritime spaces, the institutional response to these maritime threats, and anassessment of Kenya’s maritime security strategy. Persistent external domination of the Western Indian Ocean region, maritime terrorism, piracy, illegal unregulated and unreported (IUU) fishing, illicit trade and maritime territorial disputes continue to pose threats to Kenya’s maritime spaces. Although there is a legal framework in response to the threats, different agencies have no clear strategies on maritime affairs. The situation is compounded by a coordination problem between concerned agencies and tensions between the national government and the coastal counties over the legitimacy of intragovernmental maritime assignments. The study recommends that policymakers should reflect critically on maritime domain awareness with the aim of reducing seablindness, thereby enhancing Kenya’s sea power and ability to effectively exploit maritime wealth in the quest for a national maritime security strategy
Dystopian ruins: Nostalgia for a lauded past that never existed: Stairways and Ruins
No full textDystopian narratives – in the broadest sense – often employ literary topoi centred around the so-called graceful collapse of ruins and ruination. In western cultural practices, the powerful and emotionally compelling visuals associated with ruins have been widely used since the fifteenth century to broadcast and inspire contemplative, nostalgic desires. The goal often seems to involve inspiring emotional responses to support readings that subjectively romanticise a historical age and its related socio-cultural values, or seek to glorify ideals of an imagined past. However, sensationalistic attempts to inspire similar nostalgic desires with more recently ruined structures seem unbecoming, especially when one considers that these structures have emerged from situations and circumstances unrelated to the gentle weathering of time, such as violent warfare and unsustainable urban planning. To that end, I reflect on the theme of (re-)imagined pasts and futures in the Stairways and Ruins exhibition. Using the triptych Linger (2023) by Ricardo Liut as a point of convergence, I unpack more nuanced discussions regarding the representations of ruins as motifs in European art and literature, subjective/ collective memory and nostalgic desires, and notions of dystopian ruination. These discussions raise questions regarding the use of ruin motifs in the contemporary age, and how “inauthentic” ruins are prominently sensationalised by dystopian themes and concerns