UP Journals (Univ. of Pretoria)
Not a member yet
4792 research outputs found
Sort by
The institutionalisation of community service and community service learning at South African tertiary institutions: with specific reference to the role of university law clinics
Get PDFIn the light of the institutionalisation of community service-and service learning at South African tertiary institutions, it is necessary to evaluate the role of South African university law clinics within that framework. The article examines the definitions of community service and service learning and concludes that despite the commonalities between community service-and service learning and clinical legal education, they are separate teaching methodologies. The traditional ‘live- client’ model of clinical legal education, followed by most South African university law clinics, does however not comply with the institutional definitions of community service and service learning. The article highlights the differences but also demonstrates the commonalities between them. The article highlights community partnerships and reciprocity of learning and teaching as core requirements for community service and service learning programmes. In order to attract institutional support, it was necessary to re-evaluate the traditional role of university law clinics with the view of establishing whether true community service and service learning modules can be accommodated by university law clinics. The article concludes that university law clinics are indeed ideally positioned for the purpose and demonstrates this with reference to a community service programme that was included in a module on the law of evidence. The article finally concludes that community service and service learning may gainfully supplement clinical legal education programmes that will attract institutional financial support to ensure the sustainability of university la
Criminal liability and policy considerations in the context of high speed pursuits
Get PDFArtikels 58(3) en 60 van die Nasionale Padverkeerswet 93 van 1996 maak voorsiening daarvoor dat die bestuurders van sekere voertuie onder bepaalde omstandighede die padreëls mag verontagsaam of die spoedgrens mag oorskry. Hierdie vrystellings geld ook vir verkeersbeamptes of ’n persoon aangestel ingevolge die Wet op die Suid-Afrikaanse Polisiediens 68 van 1995 wat ’n voertuig in die uitvoering van sy of haar pligte bestuur. Hierdie artikel ondersoek die moontlike strafregtelike aanspreeklikheid van polisie- en verkeerspolisiebeamptes wat betrokke is by insidente waar ander padgebruikers in die loop van hoëspoed-agtervolgings gedood of beseer is. Die doel is om vas te stel of hulle onder hierdie omstandighede “immuniteit” geniet. ’n Oorsig oor die toepaslike padverkeerswetgewing en vrystellings word gegee. Die moontlike aanspreeklikheid van polisie- en verkeerspolisie-beamptes word ondersoek met verwysing na die algemene beginsels van strafregtelike aanspreeklikheid en die waardes wat in die Grondwet verskans is. Laastens word ondersoek ingestel na die posisie in die VSA vir die ontwerp van moontlike riglyne waar daar spesifiek gekyk word na die benadering gevolg in grondwetlike en privaatregtelike sake waar derdepartypad-gebruikers beseer of gedood is
Association belge des Consommateurs Test-Achats ASBL, Vann van Vugt, Charles Basselier v Conseil des ministres Case C-236/09 ECJ: Gender equality in insurance
Get PDFAre fixed-term school governing body employment contracts for educators the best model for schools?
Get PDFWeens departementele begrotingstekorte en groeiende behoeftes in skole is dit vandag algemene praktyk dat skoolbeheerliggame aanstellings uit skoolfondse finansier. Indien ‘n beheerliggaam ’n aanstelling maak, is die skool die werkgewer, en nie die tersaaklike departement van onderwys nie. Die belangrikste gevolg hiervan is dat arbeidswetgewing, en nie net wetgewing spesifiek uitgevaardig vir die onderwys nie, die werksverhouding reguleer. Uit FEDSAS se omgewingsontleding van ledeskole blyk dit dat 28% van opvoeders en 52% van nie-opvoeders deur beheerliggame aangestel word. ’n Groot persentasie van hierdie aanstellings is vir ’n vaste tydperk en beheerliggame voer verskeie redes aan waarom dit die beste model is. Daar is geen statutêre beperkinge op die sluit van termynkontrakte nie, en in die meeste gevalle is dit weens praktiese oorwegings die enigste opsie vir skole. Begrotings word jaarliks opgestel en goedgekeur, waarná ’n beheerliggaam die aantal poste vir die volgende jaar vasstel. Versuim om ’n vastetermynkontrak te hernu was nog altyd ’n omstrede aangeleentheid. Indien daar gedurende die dienstermyn ’n verwagting van ’n voortdurende verhouding geskep is, sal die versuim om die kontrak te hernu ooreenkomstig artikel 186(1)(b) van die Wet op Arbeidsverhoudinge op ontslag neerkom. Die tydperk van afwagting is uit die aard van die saak ’n stresvolle tydperk vir die opvoeder wat gepaard gaan met werkonsekerheid en finansiële bekommernis wat ’n nadelige invloed op die opvoeder se onderrig kan uitoefen. Hierdie artikel ondersoek die aard en wenslikheid van diensooreenkomste tussen skool beheerliggame en opvoeders en kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat die vastetermynkontrak nie teenoor die reg van die opvoeder gestel behoort te word nie, maar dat daar na die praktiese oorwegings binne skole en die beste belang van leerders gekyk word binne ’n raamwerk van goeie beheer en bestuur
The human rights paradox of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender students in South African education
Get PDFOnlangse navorsing toon duidelik aan dat benewens geslag, seksuele oriëntasie waarskynlik die volgende sleuteleienskap is wat bepaal wie ons as mense is. Seksuele oriëntasie is een van die belangrike aspekte wat ’n persoon se identiteit, persona, selfbeeld, samehorigheid, gelykheid en waardigheid bepaal. Wanopvattings en vooroordele lei dikwels tot emosionele, sielkundige en woordelikse diskriminasie of viktimisasie, en kan selfs tot fisiese geweld teen lesbiese, gay, biseksuele en transgeslagtelike (LGBT) student lei. Hierdie artikel ondersoek eerstens historiese voorbeelde van menseregteskendings teen LGBT-mense in Suid-Afrika, sowel as voorbeelde van teenswoordige menseregteskendings teen LGBT-mense, ten spyte van duidelike rondwetlike bepalings in hierdie verband. Ten einde die onderliggende faktore wat sulke skendings meebring te verstaan, word sosiale wanopvattings aangaande LGBT-mense ondersoek, gevolg deur ’n bespreking van wat biologiese navorsing aangaande LGBT-oriëntasie aan die lig gebring het. Die Menseregtekommissie berig dat fisiese en sielkundige misbruik van LGBT-studente is menseregteskendings wat dikwels in die Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysstelsel voorkom. Die artikel voer aan dat stilswye, wanopvattings, miskenning sosiale vooroordele aangaande seksuele oriëntasie ’n “verskuilde kurrikulum” skep wat LGBT-studente se reg op waardigheid en gelykheid skend, en ’n paradoks meebring met die grondwetlike waardes wat Suid-Afrika se demokratiese bestel onderlê
The potential remedial function of the law in the deteriorating public education system of South Africa
Get PDFHierdie artikel maak daarop aanspraak dat die Suid-Afrikaanse regstelsel sowel die vermoë as die verpligting het om die nodige remediërende funksie te vervul, sodat verdere agteruitgang van die openbare onderwysstelsel gestuit word. Daadwerklike optrede vanuit die regstelsel word in die vooruitsig gestel om openbare amptenare, onderwysvakbondlede en politici wat die reg verontagsaam, te dwing om die heerskappy van die reg en oppergesag van die Grondwet te erken en te respekteer.
Die artikel wys daarop dat daar dringende optrede nodig is teen vakbonde soos SADOU, wat volgens alle getuienis die reeds kwesbare onderwysstelsel verder ondermyn. Sowel die aanstigting van gewelddadige optrede tydens langdurige stakingsaksies as die beskerming van lede wat hulle deurlopend skuldig maak aan substandaard-onderrig, moet teengewerk word. Sodanige onprofessionele, onetiese optrede tas die reg van leerders op onderwys ernstig aan. Die Staat se aandeel aan mislukte onderhandelinge en die gevolglike nywerheidsaksies in die openbare sektor, insluitend die onderwys, moet egter nie misgekyk word nie.
Die eerste aanbeveling is dat belanghebbendes by die onderwys moet saamwerk om die nodige respek vir die heerskappy van die reg te vestig en af te dwing. In gevalle waar versuim onder amptenare, vakbondlede of politici om die reg te respekteer opgemerk word, moet die belanghebbendes nie skroom om hofsake teen die oortreders aanhangig te maak nie.
Die tweede aanbeveling hou verband met die potensieel kragdadige optrede van die howe, soos in Coetzee v National Commissioner of Police 2011 2 SA 227 (GNP) gedemonstreer is. Daar word aanbeveel dat, waar openbare amptenare hulle aan mala fide-optrede skuldig maak, hulle in hul persoonlike hoedanigheid aanspreeklik gehou sal word vir die volle regskoste, eerder as om dit vanuit Staatsfondse te laat vereffen. Dit sal as ’n gepaste straf dien, en ook as ’n afskrikmiddel om ander amptenare te keer om hulle aan soortgelyke wangedrag skuldig te maak
Regulatory Compliance: A Crucial Governance Obligation in advancing Accountable Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) under the AfCFTA Agreement
Get PDFThe African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), once fully implemented, provides the basis for Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects to become the most appropriate means to facilitate and contribute to meeting the economic development goals of individual African states. However, the agreement emerges against the backdrop of chronic institutional governance failures in matters of public resource management, which continue to affect the service delivery mandate of governments in developing states. Therefore, any such project needs to guarantee accountable, efficient, effective, and result-driven outcomes. This is to safeguard against such initiatives not depriving citizens of benefitting. The article presents regulatory compliance as a crucial component in the role of private and public entities to assist governments to realise developmental goals through suitable joint venture projects.
A case study analysis presents the causal link between governance failures and incidents of governance interventions on such development instruments. The case study approach is appropriate due, largely, to its interpretive and inductive qualities. It uses South Africa as the primary real-life setting to appraise the issue, particularly as certain findings from the Judicial Commission of Inquiry into Allegations of State Capture, Corruption, and Fraud in the Public Sector, including Organs of State, expressed an opinion on instances where joint projects were to ensure that benefits equally accrue to the citizenry. An ethics theoretical framework facilitates the exploration of the subject matter, more so, as regulatory compliance advances institutional integrity and ethical practices. Findings made also attest to certain limitations in matters of governance oversight. For example, the implementation of regulatory compliance strategies is a concerning part of project governance. Conclusions uphold that even with the extensive nature of regulatory compliance requirements, along with perceptions of the burdensome nature aligned to it, compliance management remains a vital governance component
Demystifying the Season of Putsch in Africa\u27s Sahel: Gaining Insight into Niger\u27s Dynamics
No full textIn the past three years, the African continent has experienced a notable upswing in military coups, particularly in Nations like Niger, Burkina Faso, Sudan, Guinea, Chad, and Mali. The Greater Sahel Region has emerged as a global focal point of concern, grappling with issues of inadequate governance, extremism, and violence. Despite the efforts of regional bodies such as ECOWAS, military takeovers persist, posing challenges to democratic processes and heightening the threat of increased terrorism. Since 2020, Niger, a landlocked nation that was once a French colony, has faced its 13th coup attempt, contributing to increased instability in West and Central Africa. Despite robust regional opposition, the junta in Niger persists in power, highlighting the difficulties of overturning a coup. This situation carries geopolitical implications, risking U.S. security assistance to Niger and prompting neighbouring countries to strengthen ties with Russia post-coups. The Secretary of State cautions about potential consequences, underscoring the region’s reputation as the ‘coup capital of the world’. The July 2023 successful coup in Niger not only jeopardises the country’s progress under civilian leaders but also heightens the risks of insecurity, economic crises, and political instability. The Sahel, known as a hub of terrorism, faces increased concerns as Niger’s strategic importance in countering extremism diminishes due to the coup. This event jeopardises Niger’s standing as a democratic stronghold and a deterrent against jihad and Russian influence in the region, accentuating the broader challenge of stabilising the Sahel amid intricate socio-political and security issues. This article aims to illuminate the root causes and consequences of conflict and political instability in the region. Specifically, it seeks to address fundamental questions such as the factors leading to the current political instability and the repercussions of this conflict for Niger and the broader Sahel region. The answers to these questions offer insights into resolving the present challenge
Extreme apartheid: the South African system of migrant labour and its hostels
No full textThe migrant labour system was an historical system used to reconcile the conflicting need for cheap labour in the mines and cities, with the apartheid ideology that workers should not reside there on a permanent basis. Labourers were housed in a unique accommodation type that developed from the Kimberley Closed Compound into the Witwatersrand Mine Compound and ultimately the migrant labour hostel. During the late colonial and apartheid periods, the mining compounds and the migrant labour hostels, which formed a key element of this system, were designed (and functioned) as tools of control and repression. In time they became synonymous with violence, overcrowding and squalor. As with so many other political and social systems, dismantling the migrant labour apparatus, and undoing the harm it caused, often requires even more tenacious efforts over a period of time
‘Quiet Dream’: Vietnamese women and marriage migration
No full textThe photographic essay, ‘Quiet Dream’, by photographer and lecturer Oh Soon-Hwa, represents the culmination of years of work with young Vietnamese women during a “bride phase” in Vietnam, which refers to a period of waiting before leaving home and kin to travel overseas in order to marry foreign men, usually in Taiwan and South Korea. This series was taken on and around a small island in the region of the Mekong Delta (one of the poorest areas in Vietnam), nicknamed “Taiwan Island”, where many young women are pressured to marry foreigners for various complex reasons, which the author discusses. Oh’s photographic essay focuses on the beauty and serenity of the environment surrounding these women while they have to deal with diverse expectations, which includes leaving behind part of their identity, the familiar landscape, climate, language, family, friends, traditions, and way of living. Until recently, studies on marriage migration have tended to focus on remittances and the economic impact of migration. New studies adopt a more comprehensive social perspective, examining the effects of migration on the social fabric of the migrants’ home community. Placed in the context of these ongoing studies, Oh’s work is important in drawing attention to the lives and identities of these women (what they give up) before entering into marriage migration. My article focuses on two aspects of Oh’s photographs: 1) the technique of stitched photography; and 2) the compo-sition of the photograph, particularly the choice of dress worn by the subject. Half of the portraits are stitched photographs, which is a technique that merges together several photographs to form a unique piece, with the aim of providing a wider view of the environment of the subject. This method of stitching also bears testimony to the stitched futures of these women; the hopes and dreams they harbour as foreign brides, as well as the familiar landscapes and identities they leave behind, all “stitched” together as it were, to constitute a hopeful, but also unsure, resigned and imagined future