Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences Research Result Repository
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Relationship between the Number of Deaths due to Renal Failure and Meteorological Parameters in Japan: An Ecological Study
Get PDFapplication/pdfObjective: The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between the number of deaths due to renal failure and meteorological parameters, such as air temperature and humidity, in Japan.
Methods: The number of deaths due to renal failure and population of each of the 47 prefectures in Japan from 2016 to 2019 were obtained from official websites. Meteorological parameters, such as air temperature and humidity, in the same period were obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency during same period. The relationship between the population-adjusted number of deaths due to renal failure and metrological parameters were evaluated by an ecological study.
Results: The number of deaths due to renal failure was significantly correlated with some air temperature parameters and mean humidity. Multiple regression analysis showed that mean humidity (women) was important factor for the number of deaths due to renal failure.
Conclusion: These results suggest that metrological parameters, especially mean humidity, are closely associated with the number of deaths due to renal failure.
目的：日本における腎不全による死亡者数と気温や湿度等の気象パラメータとの関係を明らかにした．
方法：2016 年から2019 年までの47 都道府県における腎不全による死亡者数と人口は政府統計公式web サイトから取得した．同時期の気温や湿度等の気象パラメータは，気象庁公式webサイトから取得した．腎不全による人口調整死亡数と気象パラメータとの関係は，生態学的研究によって検討した．
結果：腎不全による死亡者数は，いくつかの気温パラメータ及び平均湿度と有意に相関していた．重回帰分析の結果は，女性において，平均湿度が腎不全による死亡者数の重要な要因であることを示した．
結論：気象パラメータ，特に平均湿度が腎不全による死亡者数と関連していた
Relationship Between the Actual Conditions of Mother’s Child-Rearing Who Use Community Childcare Support Centers and Childcare Stress
Get PDFapplication/pdf本調査の目的は，地域子育て支援拠点を利用する母親の子育ての実態を明らかにし，育児ストレスとの関連をみることにより，今後の子育て支援の検討の一助とすることである．A 市内の地域子育て支援拠点を利用している子育て中の母親469 名を対象に，自記式質問紙調査を実施した．調査内容は，母親の属性，日頃の子育て，地域子育て支援拠点の利用状況，育児ストレスインデックスショートフォーム（PSI-SF）19 項目などだった．分析は記述統計と，母親の属性，日頃の子育ての状況，地域子育て支援拠点事業の利用状況とPSI-SF の各尺度「子どもの側面」，「親の側面」の各点数・総合スコアの関連について，Mann- Whitney U 検定を行った．
有効回答203 名を分析した結果，対象者の特性として就労している母親が42.9％，家庭の経済状態にゆとりがないと答えた母親が18.2％いた．この特性はPSI-SF とも有意な関連が認められた．専業主婦の場合及び家庭の経済状態にゆとりがない群において，PSI- SF スコアの「親の側面」「総合点」が高く，育児ストレスが高い状況が窺えた．経済的ゆとりがないと思っている母親の育児不安やニーズをさらに調査して，子育て支援をしていく必要がある．
The purpose of this study is to shed light on the actual situations of mothers’s child-rearing who use community childcare support centers and examine its correlation with childcare stress, so as to contribute to the study of childcare support in the future. The author conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey targeted at 469 child-rearing mothers who use community childcare support centers in City A. The contents of the survey included the mothers’ attributes, daily childcare routine, how they use community childcare support centers, and 19 items of the Parenting Stress Index Short Form (PSI-SF). Descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to analyze the relationship between mothers' attributes, their daily childcare routines, and their use of community childcare support centers along with their scores on each of the PSI-SF scales, "Child Aspect" and "Parent Aspect," and their overall scores.
The results of the analysis of 203 valid responses showed that 42.9% of the mothers were working and 18.2% of the mothers answered that their family's financial situation was not adequate. This characteristic was observed to be highly correlated with PSI-SF. In the case of full-time housewives and those who had limited financial resources, the "parental aspect" and "total score" of the PSI-SF scores were higher, indicating higher childcare stress. It is necessary to further investigate the childcare concerns and needs of mothers who believe that they do not have the financial means to support their children
