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我が国におけるがんピアサポート活動の実態 ～がん診療連携拠点病院を対象に～
Get PDF本研究は，我が国におけるがん領域でのピアサポート活動について調査し，実態および今後の課題を明らかにすることを目的とする． がん診療連携拠点病院を対象に，ピアサポート活動の運用，ピアサポーターおよび養成研修に関する無記名自記式質問紙調査を行った．全国のがん診療連携拠点病院405 か所に調査票を送付し，回収率は43% であった．ピアサポート活動の運営担当者として専任がいる施設は0.8% のみで，32.2% の施設が取り組み方や問題が生じた際の対応の危惧等から活動していないと回答した．ピアサポート支援の環境については，組織の長の理解や新しいことに取り組む風土のある施設がある一方で，活動への理解・協力者が少ない，予算がつかないケースもみられた．全ピアサポーターが研修を受けている施設は約３割で，ピアサポーター養成研修に重要と考える内容は「コミュニケーションスキル」「個人情報保護・管理」が多かった．また，運用上の課題として「COVID-19 の影響で活動できない」「マンパワー不足」「取り組み方がわからない」などが挙げられた． 我が国のがん対策推進事業拡大の一環として，ピアサポートの充実が叫ばれ，多くのがん診療連携拠点病院がピアサポート活動に取り組んでいるものの，その内容は施設によって差があり，運用サイドの課題やピアサポーターの質保証に関する課題が浮き彫りとなった．This study aimed to investigate and clarify the actual situation of peer support activities in the field of oncology in Japan and future issues. A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire survey regarding the operation of peer support activities, peer supporters, and training was conducted in center hospitals for cancer treatment. The response rate was 43%. Only 0.8% of the facilities had
a full-time person in charge of managing peer support activities, and about 30% of the facilities indicated that they were not active because of concerns about how to tackle issues or respond
when problems arose. Regarding the environment, while some facilities understood the role of the head of the organization and exemplified a culture of tackling new challenges, cases were also
seen in which few people understood or cooperated with the activities, and where no budgets were available. The most important contents for peer supporter training were “communication
skills” and “personal information protection and management.” Operational challenges included “inability to conduct activities due to COVID-19,” “lack of manpower,” and “not
knowing how to work on projects. As part of the expansion of cancer control promotion projects in Japan, calls have been made for the enhancement of peer support, and although many center
hospitals for cancer treatment are engaged in peer support activities, the content of such activities varies by facility, which highlights concerns related to operational issues and quality
assurance for peer support
