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Cultural Identity and Student Language Support in Oral Productive Tasks: Questioning the “Zero-Sum Game” Mentality
Get PDFResearch from a variety of frameworks suggests that appropriate use of first language can aid second language learning. However, researchers and professionals often assume that the use of student language is always bad and should therefore be reduced wherever possible. We conducted a simple experiment that suggests that the use of student language does not necessarily cut down on time spent speaking the target language. Spoken language production was tested in a variety of conditions both with and without first language support. There was no significant difference in the amount of target language produced. If these results are accepted, it is difficult to ignore the possibility that first language use may be useful in second language acquisition by facilitating control in oral language production.様々な分野の研究によると、適切な第一言語の利用が第二言語学習に役立つという可能 性を示す。しかし、第一言語を利用することは望ましくないと考え、第一言語の利用を減 らせば良いという仮説に第二言語学習の専門家がよくしがみつく。以下の研究では、第一 言語を使っても、目標言語の利用時間と量が必ずしも減らないことを示唆する簡単な実験 を行った。第一言語サポートがあっても、目標言語の口語用法が減らないことが実際に観 測された。この結果により、目標言語の用法をコントロールするために、第一言語が第二 言語学習に役立つ可能性を無視することができないことが示された。departmental bulletin pape
The CELTA Experience: A Small Step towards a Learner-centered English Language Teaching
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男女共同参画関連施設の啓発事業を「教育化」する意義
Get PDFThis paper describes the significances and possibilities of enlightenment provided by gender equality promotion centers after Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) in 1979. Toward the ratification of CEDAW in 1985, Japanese government needed domestic law’s development. After Basic Act for Gender Equal Society in 1999, local facilities for women across the country were renamed into gender equality promotion center. In gender equality promotion network among those centers, National Women's Education Center of Japan (NWEC) has continually taken a leading part. NWEC is under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), however, local gender equality promotion centers are under general administrative. Although their programs are regarded as enlightenment, local residents could experience those as discovering their new life and society. Those regarding work-lifebalanced in education sector shows those are based on three points; substantial balance between work and life, the importance of rooting on local life and developing local communities.departmental bulletin pape
「エネルギー自治」の理論的射程
Get PDF福島第1 原発事故以降、日本の各地で地域の住民や企業あるいは地方自治体が、エネル ギー事業に参画しようという動きが目立っている。それらを総称して「エネルギー自治」 と呼ぶことが多く、一種のブームのようになっているが、それは厳密に定義されておら ず、論者によって含意は多様である。地方自治論などを踏まえてこの定義を試みるのが、 本稿の目的である。 本稿における議論の結果、「エネルギー自治」は、「行政、事業者、住民といった地域に 根差した主体が、エネルギーの需給にまつわる規制・振興及び事業経営について、地域の 利害の観点から関与すること」と定義された。それは、①自治体によるエネルギー行政、 ②エネルギー行政への住民参加、③地域主体によるエネルギー事業、④公有エネルギー事 業の4 つの領域に分類できる。このような「エネルギー自治」は、欧州では電力自由化や 再生可能エネルギーの大量導入を受けて、1990年代以降に活発化してきたが、日本でも福 島事故を経て同様の動きが起きつつある。departmental bulletin pape
〈特別寄稿／ Special Contribution〉 Minimal Computation and the Architecture of Language
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Transformational and Unification Grammars
Get PDFNoam Chomsky started a revolution in the study of Linguistics as scholars became convinced that the study of syntax revealed something about the structure of the brain itself. Even so, the Chomskyan approach to grammatical analysis is not the only one available and has been aggressively challenged, particularly since the advent of Chomsky’s Minimalist Program. This paper offers an overview of the historical development of Transformational Grammar and its main form of competition, Unification Grammar. It is hoped that the reader will understand how and why these different approaches developed in the way that they did. It is also hoped that the reader will begin to question which of these approaches offers the best hope as a simpler, and therefore more truly minimalist, approach to linguistic inquiry.departmental bulletin pape
Triangulated Categories IV: Admissible Subcategories
Get PDFこの概説は、主に代数幾何学に現れる三角圏や導来圏の性質についてまとめた一連の研 究ノートの第4 部であり、今回は三角圏の許容部分圏に関して解説する．許容部分圏はt- 構造の貼り合わせや代数多様体上の（代数的）偏屈層を定義するために必要となる重要な 概念である。 第2 節において随伴関手の定義と基本性質を、第3 節と第4 節では研究ノートの第3 部 に対する補足として加法圏と三角圏の局所化を解説する．最後に第5 節では許容部分圏の 定義を与え、その性質と三角圏の半直交分解との関係について解説する。研究ノートResearch Notesdepartmental bulletin pape
What Pre-Service Teachers Learn About Foreign Language Activities in Their Teaching Practicum
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to describe what pre-service teachers learn about Foreign Language Activities during their teaching practicum. The participants were five pre-service teachers who were 3rd year students at a university. The teaching practicum was conducted in the 2nd grade class at an elementary school attached to a local university of education. Video recordings of the pre-service teachers’ discussions about Foreign Language Activities were collected for data. Analysis was carried out by Modified Grounded Theory Approach (MGTA). Results indicate that the pre-service teachers gained a better understanding of Children’s ways of learning English, Instructional knowledge, English knowledge, Importance of communication, and Collegiality in their teaching practicum. Outcomes suggest that schools should consider giving pre-service teachers opportunities to practice through lessons for Foreign Language Activities, and suggest that peer learning is very useful in a teaching practicum.departmental bulletin pape