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Crafting Cities Together: Co-located Collaboration with Augmented Reality for Urban Design
No full textAugmented reality revolutionizes the way individuals interact with urban environments, fostering novel collaborative modalities in public space design. Our study introduces 'City Craft', an augmented reality application which empowers users to create and modify urban layouts by selecting, positioning, and editing 3D models collaboratively. We detail the deployment of City Craft in two field studies with 33 participants, where the application was used in public space. Results indicate that when participants were paired on a single device, collaboration was synchronous and involved shared control, whereas larger groups engaged more asynchronously. The consensus among participants is that City Craft invites a new perspective on public space, fosters creativity and a collaborative mindset. We argue in situ use of AR tools such as City Craft increases interest in participating in urban design and can aggregate different views on public space use, which can be further refined collectively. However, City Craft should be complemented with a mix of digital and analog tools across the different stages of the design process
Cultivating a Space for Learning: A Study of Note-Taking and Sharing on a Video-Sharing Platform Bilibili
No full textVideo-sharing platforms such as YouTube are popular today, not only for entertainment but also for learning, e.g., for understanding lecture content or acquiring everyday skills. Some platforms, like Bilibili, a popular video-sharing platform in China, even introduced note-taking and sharing features to further foster such learning practices. While note-taking and sharing have been extensively explored in environments specifically for learning, their use around these social media platforms such as YouTube and Bilibili remains under-studied. In this paper, we present a qualitative study with 15 participants who have used the note-taking and sharing feature called BNote launched on Bilibili. Our study reveals how note-taking and sharing are used as a way to cultivate a space for learning on such a general video-sharing platform by structuring, supplementing, and substituting user-generated videos and by leveraging social forces for motivation, self-discipline, and organization for learning. We end by discussing our findings and providing design recommendations to better support a learning space on social media platforms
The Ripple Effect of Information Infrastructures
No full textThis paper explores how the nature of work is impacted by the information infrastructure within the work exists. Drawing on an empirical case of a global organization replacing the local area network (LAN), we examine the work required for (re)designing, implementing, maintaining, and managing the sociotechnical aspects of the LAN. We identify breakdowns related to cooperative, technical, and organizational work, revealing faultlines in boundary-crossing activities. By exploring the characteristics of these faultlines, our study highlights how work and infrastructure co-evolve. Work may appear to take place within a local context, yet in practice, it transforms the global infrastructure, with interdependent entities located elsewhere in the infrastructural setup, such as people, artifacts, and policies that only have peripheral (or invisible) relations to the work. This interplay impacts not only the characteristics of the work itself but also the inherent characteristics and legacy of multiple work contexts beyond immediate boundaries. We argue that viewing work from an infrastructural perspective is crucial for identifying who and what is needed to accomplish work tasks. The ripple effect of information infrastructures impacts local work contexts in unanticipated ways, extending beyond visible work practices. Transforming infrastructures thus requires an extended peripheral perception in shaping and scoping the work at multiple scales
Cooperating in Academia with underspecified protocols: A case study of students and researchers practitioners of Grounded theory methodology (GTM).
No full textAs scientific projects become increasingly cooperative, we can identify two approaches: the first one tends to distribute datawork among participants performing the same task while the other brings together different experts to work on the same data. Grounded Theory Methodology (GTM) is frequently used for academic cooperative projects but does not clearly specify how cooperation should be organized. This paper aims to identify the different cooperative work practices of actors who use this method. We conducted a qualitative study combining semi-structured interviews with participant and non-participant observations involving social sciences researchers and students. We find that cooperation in GTM projects relies on continuous adjustments, informal task distribution, and digital artifacts not explicitly designed to support this methodology. Qualitative analysis tools incorporating coordination protocols are often perceived as too constraining, requiring actors to engage in additional articulation work. Based on these findings, we propose recommendations to improve the design of existing tools and design artifacts better suited to cooperative work in GTM. These artifacts would accommodate more adaptable and customizable protocols, facilitating task coordination and enhancing collaboration within research teams
Workplace Aspects of Knowledge and Expertise Sharing Practices Supported by Augmented Reality Systems: Findings from a Design Case Study
No full textIn this article, we present findings concerning how environment can both impact upon and be impacted by knowledge and expertise sharing practices (KES) supported by augmented reality (AR) systems. We draw on findings from a Design Case Study (DCS) carried out for the design and evaluation of an AR system to support KES in complex production contexts. Our results suggest that the proposed system not only changes the perception of the technical environment but is itself gradually perceived as an element of it. The results also reveal changes in the employees’ focus of attention when working with the AR-aid in question and how they individually adapt to it. Moreover, our findings suggest that the proposed system facilitates a change in the proximity between experts and non-experts, bridging spatial and temporal distances, fostering cooperation between those two categories of workers, at the same time that enhance their autonomy. Overall, the results highlight how changes in the social environment of digitised production cannot be separated from changes in the technical environment
From Human Insight to Machine Intelligence: Assessing GenAI’s Role in Nigerian Journalism
No full textThe global growth of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has directly contributed to changes across newsrooms in Africa, including the rise in misinformation and disinformation. Before the advent of GenAI, big tech, including social media companies, relied on African Journalists to fact check content as part of their jobs to keep the platforms safe across the continent. Recently, these journalists have begun to adopt GenAI tools in the delivery of these duties, yet we know surprisingly little about how GenAI has affected their profession or how they are integrating these tools into their workflow. Nigeria’s newly-developed national AI strategy identifies misinformation as a societal risk, yet literature so far has focused on Western Countries and contexts. To contribute some nuance to existing scholarly research on the adoption of GenAI, this paper reports on the experiences of 20 journalists and fact-checkers working in Nigeria, and how AI has affected their practice. Our interviews found a growing shift from human insight to machine intelligence across newsrooms in the country. GenAI is changing age-long journalism practices in such a way that human sources are losing their primacy to automated tools. We discuss the implications for the design of GenAI tools to support journalists while preserving human sources
Accidental Spreaders: How Different Roles Interact During Misinformation Discussions
No full textThe spread and impact of misinformation can be limited through effective misinformation corrections, and social corrections (i.e., corrections from friends and family) can be more effective. Most prior research has focused on understanding social corrections within online social media platforms among weak-ties, with close-tie networks being overlooked. Drawing on findings from a survey of UK residents (), we investigated how, where, and why participants discuss misinformation. We find that within family and friend networks, misinformation is often spread through offline channels. We find people drawing on their social network for support, helping them with social corrections. However, we find this support can result in accidental spreading of misinformation. Our findings provide justification for considering legacy communication channels (e.g., talking) when designing to limit misinformation spread, and the need for tools to support people in correcting misinformation that reduce the risk of inadvertent spread
User Representatives as Boundary Spanners: Case Study of Large-Scale Agile Software Development
Full text linkUser participation in software development is widely seen as beneficial for user acceptance, software adoption, and aligning outcomes with user needs. However, the scale and complexity of modern digitalization, particularly in large and distributed agile development, have reshaped participation. Representative participation is proposed as a solution, but its role remains underexplored. While often associated with requirements gathering, emerging research highlights broader boundary-spanning activities connecting development teams and users. This paper frames representative participation as boundary-spanning by posing the following research question: What are the practices and challenges of user representatives in large-scale agile software development? Through an exploratory case study using interviews and document analysis, we explore the role of user representatives—labeled as change agents—in our case organization. These individuals are expected to go beyond passively providing requirements. Their roles include planning software releases, participating in development, conducting training, helping colleagues adapt to changes, and serving as contact points for user feedback. However, this role presents challenges such as balancing responsibilities, adapting to agile development’s fast pace, coping with limited documentation, and managing dual roles in matrix organizations. This paper contributes by framing user representatives as boundary spanners and expanding understanding of user participation in agile software development
Shifting the Conversation on Malicious Use of AI: A value sensitive approach for stakeholder consensus
Full text linkAI technologies are increasingly integrated into society, driving innovation while introducing risks of malicious use, including disinformation, cyberattacks, and extremism. These threats are sociotechnical, emerging at the intersection of technology, governance, and collaborative work. Addressing them requires recognizing that malicious AI use extends beyond standalone algorithms to the broader ecosystems that shape deployment, regulation, and mitigation strategies. This workshop brings together practitioners from industry, government, civil society, and academia to co-develop multistakeholder strategies for AI governance and security. Using a value-sensitive design (VSD) framework, it integrates ethical, organizational, and policy considerations into AI security efforts. Through expert dialogue and collaborative activities, participants will explore actionable pathways that bridge design, policy, and workplace adaptation to counter AI-enabled threats, fostering a comprehensive and adaptive approach to AI security in an era of rapid technological transformation
Negotiating Extra Work: A Reflection on Participatory Research Practices in Healthcare
Full text linkThis reflection paper examines the often overlooked extra work required to conduct and sustain participatory research in healthcare contexts. Scientific projects require forward planning, methodological flexibility and institutional recognition of the additional effort required to enable sustainable participatory research. Drawing on three healthcare-related case studies, we analyse the tensions between formal project objectives and the realities of conducting research in complex, situated environments. Extra work manifests at multiple levels: (1) within the project scope, (2) at the boundary of the project scope, (3) before the project scope, (4) after the project scope, and (5) outside the project scope. While extra work can serve as a driver of innovation and long-term sustainability, it also creates a fundamental tension for researchers who must balance these emerging demands with project goals, institutional frameworks, and personal capacities. Building on existing concepts from CSCW - such as invisible work and articulation work - we systematically apply and extend these perspectives to the domain of technology development in healthcare. By identifying cross-cutting issues in the case studies, such as stakeholder acquisition and co-benefitting, we refine conceptual understandings of infrastructuring, articulation work and situatedness in participatory research. In doing so, we contribute to grounded design and design case study approaches and reflect on the methodological and practical implications of navigating the inherent tensions of adaptive, long-term engagement in healthcare cooperation