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Building Digital Scaffolding for Futures-led Design Sprints
Full text linkThis paper explores how digital scaffolding can support data scientists with social innovation through a futures-led design sprint. Drawing from a two-year case study involving 144 MSc students across 29 postgraduate courses at 13 Scottish universities, we examine the adaptation of futures methodologies for computer-supported collaboration in time-constrained settings. Our approach integrates the Futures Triangle framework with structured data exploration through two complementary platforms: Miro for collaborative futures mapping and Notion as a knowledge repository and hosting a curated "Data Playground" for data-led investigation of complex social challenges. We demonstrate how domain-specific digital scaffolding can enable effective interdisciplinary collaboration in time-constrained settings by analysing participant engagement and iterative reflections as facilitators. Our findings reveal i) the value of tailored digital environments for supporting interdisciplinary knowledge sharing in educational contexts, and ii) how futures methodologies can be effectively adapted using digital platforms to bridge analytical and creative workflows in CSCW environments
Uncovering Non-native Speakers’ Experiences in Global Software Development Teams——a Bourdieusian Perspective
No full textGlobally distributed software development has been a mainstream paradigm in developing modern software systems. We have witnessed a fast-growing population of software developers from areas where English is not a native language in the last several decades. Given that English is still the de facto working language in most global software engineering teams, we need to gain more knowledge about the experiences of developers who are non-native English speakers. We conducted an empirical study to fill this research gap. In this study, we interviewed 27 Chinese developers in commercial software development and open source global software development teams and applied Bourdieu’s capital-field-habitus framework in an abductive data analysis process. Our study reveals four types of capital (language, social, symbolic, and economic) involved in their experiences and examines the interrelations among them. We found that non-native speakers’ insufficient language capital played an essential role in prohibiting them from accessing and accumulating other capital, thus reproducing the sustained and systematic disadvantaged positions of non-native English speakers in GSD teams. We further discussed the theoretical and practical implications of the study
Crafting Cities Together: Co-located Collaboration with Augmented Reality for Urban Design
No full textAugmented reality revolutionizes the way individuals interact with urban environments, fostering novel collaborative modalities in public space design. Our study introduces 'City Craft', an augmented reality application which empowers users to create and modify urban layouts by selecting, positioning, and editing 3D models collaboratively. We detail the deployment of City Craft in two field studies with 33 participants, where the application was used in public space. Results indicate that when participants were paired on a single device, collaboration was synchronous and involved shared control, whereas larger groups engaged more asynchronously. The consensus among participants is that City Craft invites a new perspective on public space, fosters creativity and a collaborative mindset. We argue in situ use of AR tools such as City Craft increases interest in participating in urban design and can aggregate different views on public space use, which can be further refined collectively. However, City Craft should be complemented with a mix of digital and analog tools across the different stages of the design process
“What Should I Focus on Today?” Co-Designing a Goal-Setting Dialogue Tool for Parkinson’s Self-Care
No full textThe aim of this paper is to explore the potential of a digital health technology (eCARE-PDTM) designed to support self-care and assist individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) in identifying their care needs and establishing personalized goals to enhance self-care. The efficacy of self-care in PD depends on personalized goal setting; however, people with PD (PwPs) struggle to identify care priorities due to fluctuating and unpredictable symptoms. Based on the findings of a usage diary study, we will explore the enhancement of a self-care technology with a dialogue interface to facilitate more personalized goal setting. The usage diary study revealed that PwPs experience uncertainty when selecting care priorities from a predefined list, and they expressed a need for a system that translates their personal experiences into actionable goals. The integration of a dialogue interface within eCARE-PDTM is proposed, engaging users in interactive dialogues that stimulate reflection on recent symptoms and daily challenges, facilitating a collaborative definition of personalized self-care objectives. This direction is further explored through a dialogue interface (CAFY), a prototype designed to help patients articulate their care priorities and translate them into meaningful, actionable goals. CAFY will serve as a design probe in upcoming participatory design workshops to inform the next cycle of co-design, which aims to improve eCARE-PDTM by integrating an AI-based conversational recommendation system
Assisting Forests and Trees Planning with a Decision Tree
No full textHandling uncertainty is tricky, especially when important decisions need to be made. In recent years, forests and forestry have faced
increasing pressure from the effects of climate change. Events such as widespread bark beetle infestations have raised new and urgent
questions: How should damaged areas be reforested? Which tree species will be resilient in the face of future disturbances and a
changing climate? Uncertainty and lack of knowledge can paralyse decision-making, thereby hindering the reforestation process. To
explore this issue, an ethnographic study was conducted, combining qualitative interviews, participation in excursions, and observation
of the everyday work of forest professionals and forest owners. The goal was twofold: gathering knowledge on the adaptation of
forests to climate change and seeing how the design of artefacts could address the issue. Ultimately, a digital tool, called the decision
tree, was developed to support the decision-making process. A participatory design process reveled both the potential and the limits
of digital tools: While digital tools are capable of supporting and structuring consultation processes, they are far from keeping up
with the complexity of specific contexts, such as maintaining landscapes. These findings provide valuable insights into knowledge
management and expertise sharing in the fields of Human-computer interaction (HCI) and Computer-supported cooperative work
(CSCW)
Human–Avatar Interaction: Perceptions of Voice and Appearance Among Older Adults in a Residential Care Setting
No full textThis study explores the acceptance and perception of a conversational AI avatar among older adults in a residential care setting. Against the backdrop of increasing interest in human-AI collaboration in health and social care, we developed a photorealistic avatar
named Ann-Sophie, designed to support well-being through everyday conversation. The study involved 14 participants across two iterative rounds and employed a mixed-methods approach, combining questionnaires with semi-structured interviews.
Results show that perceptions of the avatar’s voice and appearance depend on individual experiences and needs. While some appreciated its lifelike features, others found it emotionally distant. Clarity and responsiveness of the voice, rather than realism, were
key to engagement. The study emphasizes the importance of usability and context-sensitive design over mere aesthetics.
These findings offer design implications for voice-based AI systems in care settings and call for further exploration of embodied AI in shared human contexts, ensuring that such systems move beyond novelty to sustainable adoption
Identification of latent biomarkers in brain imaging of Parkinson’s disease using explainable artificial intelligence
No full textParkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. Early diagnosis remains challenging due to the lack of specific clinical tests. Although imaging techniques such as SPECT and MRI are commonly used to support diagnosis, their analysis is most often limited to striatal regions. In this study, we introduce a deep learning-based method for PD detection, while also exploring the role of non-striatal brain regions, which are often overlooked. Using DaTSCAN volumes, we trained a three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D CNN) to distinguish control subjects from PD patients at different stages (1 to 3). To interpret the predictions, we applied the Grad-CAM technique to localize the regions influencing the model’s decision. Our network achieved remarkable accuracy (>97%) across all stages of the disease, and the Grad-CAM maps revealed a significant involvement of cortical and subcortical regions beyond the striatum. These findings suggest the existence of early or complementary biomarkers, highlighting the value of explainable artificial intelligence in brain imaging to refine PD diagnosis and broaden our understanding of how the disease develops and affects the brai
From Enhancing Individual to Team Capacities: Stakeholders’ Insights on Generative-AI and Digital-Twin Adoption in Surgery
No full textThis paper distills insights from two three-hour workshops involving 34 multidisciplinary participants that explored the individual and collective applications of generative AI (GenAI) and digital twins (DTs) in surgery. Participants began by clarifying the meaning of GenAI and DTs in surgical contexts. GenAI was perceived as an individual aid to generate clinical notes, referral letters, and explanations to patients, while DTs were praised to render patient-specific anatomy, forecast trocar placement, and provide teams a live common operating-room view. Together the technologies create a layered data infrastructure that toggles between solo efficiency and collective sense-making. Participants highlighted adoption challenges such as ethical considerations, data accuracy, and infrastructural readiness. Design imperatives emerge for a nuanced integration of these technologies into surgical practices, such as modeling uncertainty, preserving clinical reasoning, and introducing tools through existing hospital systems, highlighting the essential role of human-computer interaction experts
Wizard of Oz: An Underestimated Method in the Field of Social Robotics
No full textIn 2017, we designed a basic web dashboard to temporarily control Pepper’s robot, which was in the process of implementing an
Android remote controller app. Although the intention was to operate the robot’s basic control, its design and function have led to its
long-term use of this dashboard, even now. We quite underestimated the potential use of this dashboard. Often, it helps us bring the
robot to life and make it functional, whereas the Choregraphe and smartphone remote app could not connect to it. Later, we often used
the Wizard of Oz method to impress older adults in the care home and demonstrate the fun aspects of the robot to them. Nowadays, it
is less frequent to use the dashboard and Wizard of Oz in general; still, it is a game-changer when new people see and interact with
the robot. However, this raises some ethical considerations about manipulating the target groups to like the robot. Therefore, in this
paper, we discuss the importance of ethical considerations in using the Wizard of Oz method and the design implications that lead to
the long-term use of this dashboard
Making Waves: Empowering Users to Sustainable Water Use
No full textSustainable water use is an emerging issue for both industry and consumers, as water scarcity is becoming one of the great challenges of our time, In this regard, Consumption Feedback (CF) is a commonly used approach to provide consumers with information on individual consumption data; however, CF has primarily been applied in the context of energy consumption. Regarding water usage, CF holds significant potential to raise awareness and to help identify saving opportunities. To understand users’ existing practices and challenges in water consumption monitoring and saving behaviors, we conducted 11 semi-structured interviews with private households in a living lab. With this contribution we present preliminary results of the study on participants’ water consumption practices and present initial prototypical design drafts for a dashboard based on these results, which should address the identified practices and challenges. Finally, based on the results we conclude with design considerations for the visualization of water consumption data