INCEIF Knowledge Repository (INCEIF University)
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Structuring forward lease sukuk in Islamic capital market
No full textThe forward lease nature is normally a combination of ijarah and istisna; where the outcome will be in a form of tangible or intangible asset that can be the subject matter of business transactions. Many assets in the market can be designed based on forward lease such as airplane, ships, residential or commercial building, and the like. The forward lease is regarded as innovative structure with special feature that contributes significantly to the expansion and evolution of the Islamic finance market. Below discussion is briefly illustration on the concept of forward lease and its structuring in the Islamic capital market
Beneficial ownership and its application in Islamic finance: an analysis from the Shari'ah perspective
No full textBeneficial ownership is applied in the modern Islamic financial contracts such as financing and sukuk structure, especially in countries where common law is dominant. It has been recognized by some scholars and rejected by others. In this regard, the concept of beneficial ownership in Shari'ah should be analysed to develop a clear interpretation of the concept of beneficial ownership from the Shari'ah perspective. The purpose of this study is to examine the meaning of beneficial ownership in Common Law system and its recognition from the Shari’ah point of view. It begins with identifying the meaning of milkiyyah (ownership) and its characteristics in the Islamic law and followed by the analysis of beneficial ownership in the current practice of Islamic finance as to whether it fulfils the Shari’ah requirements. The approach that is applied in this study is qualitative research in nature, with regards to documentation and secondary sources by reviewing and analysing the application of beneficial ownership in Islamic banking; in addition, some interview sessions were conducted with practitioners involved in the financial industry. The findings of the research are that the transfer of ownership in Shari’ah immediately occurs after the execution of ijāb and qabūl and interestingly, this idea is also shared by the Common law, which actually borrowed it from the Islamic law
Determinants of financing among Malaysian technology startups and the role of Islamic finance
No full textTechnology startups (TSs) are critical to develop economic capacity, support innovation and stimulate entrepreneurial spirit In a nation. As TSs embark on innovative and disruptive journeys, they face their biggest challenge: financing. This study aims to examine the determinants of financing among TSs in Malaysia while critically examining the role of Islamic Finance. The study adopts a triangulation methodological approach, which consists of questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews. It focuses on Malaysian technology startups, entrepreneurs and their financing needs mainly at two stages: the early stage and the later stage. The study examines the following dependent variables as financing determinants: Entrepreneurs' Profiles (EP), Ethnic Culture (EC), innovation (IN) and Government Interventions (GI). It also examines the role of Islamic Finance among TSs. Binary regression analysis was used to analyse the data collected from the questionnaire survey, respectively grounded theory was employed to analyse interview survey data ..
Herd behaviour of Malaysia's stock market during holiday period
No full textHerding behaviour refers to an alignment of thoughts or behaviours of individuals in a group. In the case of capital market, it has been studied by several researchers such as Chang et al. (2000) and (Gavriilidis et al., 2015). Being a multicultural and multiracial country, and one of the main markets for the Islamic capital market, Malaysia provides a conducive landscape for the study of herding behaviour. The main motive for conducting this study is to investigate the presence of herding behaviour in Malaysia's religious holiday period, it's characteristic in reference to all securities and shariah-compliant securities ..
Future insights for Islamic finance: sustainable finance disruption a potential boon for the industry
No full textThe global Islamic banking and finance industry has been growing consistently notwithstanding the periodic shocks and turbulence economic conditions in various parts of the world. However, looking ahead, what would ensure the growth of the industry and maintain its value proposion? We consider some of these emerging trends. Arguably, the two most significance trends in the financial service space have been the rise of advanced financial technology and the buzz on the "green economy" or sustainable financing
Structural changes, competition and bank stability in Malaysia's dual banking system
No full textMalaysia is well acknowledged to be a frontrunner in the dual-banking system, referring to the co-existence of the Islamic banking system and conventional banking system. Propelled by the aim to establish Malaysia as an international hub of Islamic finance and the need to have a stronger and more resilient banking sector in the aftermath of the 1997/1998 Asian financial banking sector consolidation initiative witnessed mergers and acquisitions of the then existing banks resulting in substantial reduction in the number of conventional commercial banks in the market. The number of conventional commercial banks declined from 35 in 1998 to 22 in 2009 and then, with new additions of foreign banks, increased to 27 at the end of 2016
Zakat in Islamic wealth management
No full textThe common understanding of investments is to manage wealth such that there is wealth increase with rare losses of the starting value to compensate wealth holders (i) against inflation via risk-free return and (ii) plus a risk premium for the risk of the investment. It thus has the twin objectives of growth in wealth and preservation of wealth. This is achieved by means of a planned strategy that defines the goals of the investor. Wealth management includes the following: to achieve maximum growth with minimal risk (or maximum growth for a target level of risk); to manage risk as far as is possible to minimise taxation and other costs to receive a consistent income; to have a consistent level of consumption in line with inflation; and to grow wealth for specific future needs/wants: purchase of property, business, education, health, pension, pilgrimage (hajj), and so on
The good and the bad aspect of financialization of economy in OIC countries
No full textThroughout the world, the income gap between the rich and the poor continues to widen. This disparity in income has become more obvious in the last two decades as the income of the vast majority of the world's population has been somewhat stagnant over time, while small segments of the population experience an upward trend in income. In a recent report by (Oxfam 2016), it is reported that income inequality is spiralling out of control and this is a dangerous trend that poses significant threat to the global sustainability. Income inequality is not only a problem peculiar to the developed world, but also developing countries such as Muslim countries (OIC countries) as they have in recent times witnessed persistent rise in inequality. Researchers in the field of finance and economics have identified numerous causes of increased inequality. The most commonly cited factors are: Globalization, Openness to trade, declining union power, rising compensation of top management. Recently, increased income inequality is attributed to the financialization of the economy. Financialization is defined as the much faster growth of the financial sector than in the real sector of the economy through rapid growth of debt and large increases in financial sector profits
Islamic finance and sustainable economy
No full textSustainability is best defined as meeting the present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet these needs. Sustainable economy is part of this larger drive aiming at balancing economic development, social equality and environmental protection and spur prosperity that spans across generations. In recent years, the global financial sector had seen many instances where financial malpractices had led to economic loss, often involving collateral damage of the innocent. Notably, the advent of the 2008 financial crisis serves as a stark reminder regarding the dangers of financial mismanagement
Islamic finance benchmark: a possible solution revisited
No full textBenchmarks serve multiple purposes in financial markets and hence play a critical role. They serve as a reference point for pricing instruments, reflect the opportunity cost and also serve as a reference rate for the relative performance of a portfolio. Hence, a benchmark that is transparent, liquid, easy to calculate and non-manipulative is considered critical for the efficiency of financial markets. In this paper, we suggest a model proposed, by Mirakhor (1996) which can well serve the purpose of a potential benchmark for pricing. We also show the feasibility of the model in contemporary financial system. The main motivations behind the paper are, a) to move away from any fixed rate of return, b) to present a benchmark that reflects the return based on real sector of an economy as far as possible and, c) to present a non-manipulative benchmark