INCEIF Knowledge Repository (INCEIF University)
Not a member yet
1768 research outputs found
Sort by
Bank lending, deposits and risk-taking in times of crisis: a panel analysis of Islamic and conventional banks
No full textIn this study, we conduct a panel analysis of Islamic and conventional banks to ascertain whether Islamic banks are able to sustain financing supply and whether its growth is higher than conventional bank lending growth in times of stress. For concreteness, we also assess whether the sustained financing supply of Islamic banks is justified by a concomitant increase in Islamic deposit growth and is not linked to excessive risk taking. Utilizing a panel sample of 25 Islamic banks and 114 conventional banks from 10 dual-banking countries, we observe sustained financing supply by Islamic banks but significant reduction in the lending growth by conventional banks during the crisis period. The results further suggest that the financing growth of Islamic banks is higher than the lending growth of conventional banks during the crisis period. However, we find no clear evidence that the deposit growth of Islamic banks behaves differently during the period. Finally, there is no indication to suggest that Islamic banks exhibit excessive risk taking in times of stress. Our results contribute to the evidence supporting the contributive role of the Islamic banking system to financial and economic stability
Risky forward interest rates and swaptions: quantum finance model and empirical results
No full textRisk free forward interest rates (Diebold and Li, 2006 [1]; Jamshidian, 1991 [2]) and their realization by US Treasury bonds as the leading exemplar have been studied extensively. In Baaquie (2010), models of risk free bonds and their forward interest rates based on the quantum field theoretic formulation of the risk free forward interest rates have been discussed, including the empirical evidence supporting these models. The quantum finance formulation of risk free forward interest rates is extended to the case of risky forward interest rates. The examples of the Singapore and Malaysian forward interest rates are used as specific cases. The main feature of the quantum finance model is that the risky forward interest rates are modeled both a) as a stand-alone case as well as b) being driven by the US forward interest rates plus a spread having its own term structure above the US forward interest rates
Introduction to salam or forward sale
No full textOne of the preconditions for a valid sale under Islamic law is the existence of subject matter at the time of sale. However, there are two exceptions that allow the sale of nonexistent objects. The exceptional sale contracts in Shariah are Salam (forward sale) and Istisna' (manufacturing contract). Salam is a sale whereby the seller undertakes to supply some specified goods to the buyer at a future date in exchange of an advanced price fully paid at the spot
Problem-based learning in an online collaborative environment: the case of INCEIF
No full textToday, teaching and learning environment extends beyond the walls of the traditional classroom. Advances in technology have made it possible for new possibilities and opportunities in open and distance learning. The modern education industry across the world has recognized the need to incorporate digital technology into the classroom and course curriculum. On that note, the skills needed to be successful today, therefore, (Partnership for 21st Century Learning, 2007) are much different than those expected a decade ago
Criteria for determining the Shari'ah compliance of shares: a fiqhi synthesis
No full textShari'ah has specific rules for dealing in each class of assets and activities; i.e., cash, debt, goods, usufruct, and those classified as either halal (permissible) or haram (impermissible). These rulings can be easily applied when such an asset or activity is an independent subject matter of a transaction. However, the issue becomes complicated when an asset or activity is mixed with others and the combination is represented as a single subject matter. A fine example of this situation is shares of a joint stock company. A company share represents all the activities and underlying assets of that company. Some of the activities and assets of that company may be Shari'ah non-compliant while some may be Shari'ah compliant. Such assets can be in any form; i.e., cash, debt, goods, usufruct or rights. There are two main issues that need to be dealt with in considering a company's shares: (1) when it represents a mixture of halal and haram activities and assets, and (2) when it represents a mixture of ribawi and non-ribawi assets
Accounting for Islamic financial transactions: a case study on financial reporting practices
No full textThis hypothetical case study was developed based on the financial statements of Bahrain Islamic Bank and Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad. The banks were registered in two different countries namely Bahrain and Malaysia that adopted Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) issued by the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (the standards are locally adopted and named as Malaysian Financial Reporting Standards (MFRS)) issued by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) respectively. The key issues explored in this case are: the motivation for recording and reporting Islamic financial transactions; types and purposes of financial statements prepared by Islamic financial institutions (IFIS) in the two different financial reporting regimes; Shari'ah perspectives of key accounting assumptions such as substance over form, time value of money, fair value and principles of probability. Understanding the Shari'ah perspective of key accounting assumptions would help preparers and users of financial statements to appreciate the effect of accounting policy adopted for financial reporting
Unveiling the diversification benefits of Islamic equities and commodities: evidence from multivariate-GARCH and continuous wavelet analysis
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which the Indonesian Shariah compliant investors can benefit from the portfolio diversification with the Islamic indices of its trading partners and selected commodities such as gold, crude oil, and cocoa. The findings tend to indicate that investors with exposure in Shariah compliant indices of Indonesia and wanting to gain more diversification benefits should invest either in the USA or India Islamic equity. Instead, the greater benefits will be obtained by Shariah compliant investors if they invest in the USA Islamic indices during long-term investment horizons. If investors want to invest in medium investment horizons, investing in India Islamic equity is a viable option. The findings further suggest that gold has a role of diversification benefits as a "safe haven" instrument for investors. It is advisable for the investors that have exposure in commodities (gold, crude oil, and cocoa) and want to invest in Indonesian Islamic equity, they should hold the portfolio for not more than 16 days to gain diversification benefits
Risk-sharing investment account: a proposed model for Islamic banks in Malaysia
No full textOne of the objectives of the implementation of the Islamic Financial Services Act 2013 (IFSA) is to promote greater risk-sharing in the Islamic financial industry. Accordingly, IFSA has distinguished the two major sources of funding for an Islamic banking institution, i.e. deposits and investment accounts. However, more than five years into the implementation, the Act is deemed to have failed in terms of upholding its risk-sharing values, where change could only be observed in the statutory position of investment account. This dissertation aims to motivate Islamic banks to move away from continuing risk-transfer practices, by proposing a risk-sharing investment account model (including its operationalisation) for the consideration of the Islamic banking industry in Malaysia ..
An introduction to cash waqf
No full textCash waqf is a type of waqf categorized as movable waqf. Like other waqf, cash waqf aims to promote service to mankind by establishing waqf using money. Historically, cash waqf was widely used by the Ottoman Empire since the end of 16th century. At that time, cash waqf was used to finance entrepreneurs for their business, and then the return was used for public service such as hospitalization, education, water channelling, bridges, roads, etc. Cash waqf played an important role in the economy of the empire
Women empowerment in Islamic finance industry
No full textWomen empowerment is often associated with feminism. The moment a woman voices out issues on gender equality, there is a general perception that she is talking about compromising of quality and competency and arguing for undue career development and its progression in favour of women. This is indeed not the case and this is not what women are advocating for