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Empowering halal micro and small enterprises across the value chain in Malaysia: challenges and opportunities for Islamic finance
No full textThis study explores innovative solutions largely driven by technology by global benchmarks which can potentially solve the pain points of halal micro and small enterprises (MSEs) as well to enhance their business sustainability across the agricultural and F&B value chain in Malaysia. From stakeholder engagement, this paper attempts to map such solutions to the current landscape of the halal MSEs in the Malaysian food industry, which can prove to be useful to Islamic banks, MSEs and financial authorities as a guidance to, not just enhance the bankability of MSEs, but also to further optimize their potential in terms of their business productivity and growth across the halal food value chain. Ultimately, the study concludes that MSEs in the halal value chain need more than financing to ensure their viability and improve the halal economy; as digitalization is moving at a rapid pace, support from tech players are just as pertinent for the empowerment of halal players
The potential of application of technology-based innovations for zakat administration in India
No full textIndia is the home country for many Muslims and effective management of zakah is essential to the country. In this era of technology, it is imperative to use technology with zakat to ensure that the classical zakat administration approaches are upgraded to the uruf or customary practices of the society. The objective of this paper is to find out the potential of using technology in upgrading zakat administration in India. This is a qualitative approach where the primary sources such as zakat administration laws in India and secondary sources such as journal articles and published reports on the subject are analysed to derive conclusions. The findings of this paper suggest that the innovations such as rice ATMs, mobile applications, applications made with blockchain technology, artificial intelligence and big data can also play a vital role in the effective management of zakat in India. It is anticipated that the outcome of this research will assist the zakat administrators in India to adopt technology in this regard
An analysis of accounting from Islamic perspectives
No full textThis chapter provides a discussion of a study that examines accounting in Islamic perspectives. The discussion includes an overview of the development of Islamic finance, accounting in Islamic perspectives, decision usefulness, stewardship, accountability, financial measurement, disclosure and presentation and four key accounting assumptions, namely 'substance over form', 'time value of money', 'fair value' measurement and 'recognition based on probability', which serve as important guides to preparers of financial information ..
Developing and examining a sustainability business model for Omani MSME's
No full textSustainability has become an emerging topic that shapes how firms strategize to secure better business opportunities and financial performance. The recent increase in the number and market share of Environmental Social and Governance (ESG) and sustainable oriented firms whether large or small has intensified competition in this new industry. However, whether it pays to be sustainable in all market types is yet to be determined. The term 'one size fits all' does not apply to sustainability, since there are complexities that require addressing. The complexity of developing a model that is suitable enough to be called sustainable and legitimate enough to matter still requires intense deliberation by major stakeholders. Sustainability can unlock global business potential of approximately USD 12 trillion by 2030. Yet, OIC countries still lag in the SDG index and are trapped in survival entrepreneurship. This thesis aimed to shed light on the significance of developing a model that addresses the material issues according to market and firm types. The thesis also examined the relationship between embedding sustainability practices in the social, environmental and economic realms and financial performance. The study also focused on the indirect outcomes of embedding sustainability such as productivity and competitiveness. The thesis used structural equation modeling (SEM) confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) to investigate whether the relationships are evident
Contemporary issues in financial reporting of Islamic financial institutions
No full textThis book presents contemporary issues in financial reporting of Islamic financial institutions. Two key areas are covered namely, accounting for Islamic financial transactions and shariah governance. The main motivation to publish this book is to share our understanding on the unique nature of Islamic finance industry and the approach taken in accounting and reporting of Islamic financial transactions. Also, the book illustrate the importance of shariah governance in ensuring end-to-end shariah compliance. This book is to provide a practical guidance to researchers, industry practitioners and the other stakeholders
The impact of charter values on bank capital in Asia: a threshold regression analysis
No full textRecent theories suggest the relation between banks' charter values and capital buffers is nonlinear and a function of the value of the charter. Using novel threshold estimation techniques, we investigate this for a cross section of 239 commercial banks in 24 Asian economies during the 2008 crisis and post crisis periods. For the latter period, a negative relation seems to dominate for high charter value banks in Asia (excluding Middle East region). During crises, our results for advanced Asian economies are consistent with capital buffer theory. Our findings raise distinct policy implications for the regulation and supervision of Asian banks
Rice ATMs: technology based innovations for enhancement of zakat
No full textIn this February, it was announced that The Federal Territories Islamic Religious Department (JAWI) hopes to install "Rice ATM machines" at 85 mosques in the Federal Territory to facilitate its 23,000 asnaf or tithe recipients (Bernama, 2019). It is reported by Bernama (2019) that the cost of this machine is RM19,000 and is the first in the country and it has two functions, namely to give out rice supply in desired quantity and has a donation box to receive funds from the public. On February 15th, first rice ATM machine was installed at Al-Akram Mosque in Kampung Datuk Keramat
Shariah non-compliant events in the Malaysian Islamic banking industry: Shariah and legal studies
No full textShariah compliance is the core of Islamic finance and it is the most significant feature for any Islamic financial institutions. It is the very objective of Islamic financial institutions in all their operations, products and affairs. With the enforcement of IFSA 2013, penalties and consequences of not following Shariah compliance can be severe. Notwithstanding all the efforts that have been taken to strenghten the Shariah compliance framework and mitigate the occurrence of Shariah non-compliance at the Malaysian Islamic banking institutions, incidences of Shariah non-compliance do still emerge and materialise. Thus, this study is an effort to examine the subject of Shariah non-compliant (SNC) events in selected Malaysian Islamic banking institutions. The researcher attempts to explore the nature and framework of SNC events in the Malaysian Islamic banking industry by giving emphasis on on the four main aspects of SNC events i.e. (i) detection, (ii) rectification, (iii) implication and (iv) cause ..
Evolution of waqf practices: sky is the limit for innovations
No full textWaqf (plural awqaf) is a continuous charitable endowment given away for the goodwill. Once created, it must stay permanently to finance different needs for the next generation. Waqf can be defined as "the confinement of a property (movable or immovable) by a founder(s) and the dedication of its usufruct in perpetuity for the wellbeing of societies for generations to come". The inherent perpetuity of waqf gives its flexibility to accommodate the arising needs of Muslim societies throughout centuries. As such, it is seen as an institution with an immense potential for economic and social reform (MIFC, 2015)
Belt and road initiative and Islamic financing: the case in public private partnership infrastructure financing
No full textChina's One Belt and One Road (OBOR) is a global trade network across Asia, Africa, Europe and Oceania. Also known as Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), OBOR is an attempt to redraw ancient Silk Road to foster global trade and economic development. Nearly 30 Muslims-majority countries are part of China's vision of BRI. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to investigate how public private partnership (PPP) has been applied in BRI projects; and second, to explore how Islamic finance can fit within a PPP context. This paper proposes a framework for using Islamic finance in infrastructure PPP projects. This paper also analyses two PPP projects where Islamic finance was deployed as project financing. It is hoped that the discussed risks and outcome of the study will assist in integration of Islamic finance in infrastructure projects that will create efficiency in processes in cross-border cooperation