INCEIF Knowledge Repository (INCEIF University)
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1768 research outputs found
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Sustainable finance and a Shari' analysis of environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria
No full textOver recent years, sustainability has been important topic of interest among researchers and practitioners in finance, evidenced by the remarkable increase in the number of research studies and regulations on the topic (Clark et al., 2015). Initiatives on sustainability include the concepts of Sustainable Investment, Sustainable Responsible Investing (SRI), Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) and Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) (Cheng et al., 2014). In addition, several reporting standards have been issued by accounting bodies to facilitate reporting of ESG based activities of firms in their financial reporting
Measuring ethical judgement on ethical choice in an ethical system: a confirmatory study on Islamic banks in UAE
No full textThis paper aims to examine the influence of ethical judgement on decision-making behaviour related to ethical issues of Islamic banking practitioners in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study adopted a confirmatory approach in which validated/established "normative ethical standards" are taken into the consideration as theoretical underpinning. In total, 262 samples are collected from Islamic banking practitioners in the UAE and data analysis is conducted using structural equation modelling. The empirical findings indicate that the decision-making behaviour related to ethical issues of Islamic banking practitioners in UAE does not adhere to any set of normative ethical standards and respondents are pragmatic in nature when it comes to the decision-making behaviour related to ethical matters
Islamic ethical wealth and its strategic solutions to 'zero hunger' scheme
No full textIslam is a comprehensive religion and a complete way of life that provides guidance not only in matters of ritual and worship but also mundane activities. Ethical principles, generally termed akhlaq, are embedded in Islam as important component of its guidance system for all dealings. Wealth in Islam is considered a trial, or a possession meant to try one's obedience to Allah (SWT). While one enjoys wealth, it is as well regarded as an endowed favour from Allah that embodies entitlements of poor and needy members of society. Appropriate disbursement of the entitlement due to the poor is an obligation that brings to light the issue of wealth as a trial, particularly on those who might not duly discharge it. Zakat, a third pillar of Islam, together with sadaqat and waqf are mechanisms designed to channel those entitlements from wealth of rich members of the society to help the poor and needy who are poverty-stricken. Poverty is a prevalent global issue today which is said to be the reason for over 821 million people going hungry each and every day in some of the world's poorest communities (Islamic Relief, n.d.). Poverty is taking its toll on the economic and social aspects of the lives of the people such that in region such as Africa one out of four is undernourished
Portraying ethical reasoning in Islamic banking: addressing the role of work experience
No full textThis study aims to examine the ethical dimensions of Islamic bankers, with a reference to the factors influencing decision-making behavior related to ethical issues based on al-Ghazali's ethical philosophy. The findings reveal the manner in which Islamic banking practitioners brace themselves into situations that warrant the use of reason in making decisions related to ethical issues, where desires tend to dominate human choices. While the guidance of divine knowledge has been found to be ineffective in decision-making, the element of satanic force was found to significantly influence this process. The insignificant heterogeneous effect of work experience suggests that banking authorities should intensify the capacity building in the area of ethical teachings and the foundation of Islamic faith, regardless of the job tenure of employees. This study contributes to the growing literature on the ethical aspects in Islamic banking and organizational behavior by offering important implications for understanding and refining the ethical stance related to Islamic banking practices based on the Islamic perspective
Trade-off between health and wealth?
No full textRecent statistics released by the IMF (Figure 1) provide a comparative on the significant impact that COVID-19, and the lockdown in fighting and containing the pandemic has on global economies. The IMF forecasts that the impact is expected to be more devastating than the growth experienced in the aftermath of the Global financial crisis in 2009. The Euro area is where the most severe impact is envisaged, with estimates of economic contraction at almost 8%. This is followed by the United States with an estimated contraction of 6% and Japan contracting slightly more than 5%. China and India are expected to post positive growth at 2% and 1% respectively
An exploratory study on musharakah SRI sukuk for the development of waqf properties/assets in Malaysia
No full textThis study aims to explore a sustainable and responsible investment (SRI) sukuk model based on musharakah that could be implemented to develop waqf properties and assets under the SRI sukuk framework in Malaysia. This includes proposing and designing a potential SRI sukuk model and seeking the opinion of subject-matter experts and industry practitioners on the model, its attractiveness to investors and its feasibility to implement in Malaysia. The study adopts desk research and semi-structured interview as its methodology. A desk research is where a detailed critical review and analysis of past literature from reports, journals, framework, books and practices are undertaken. To establish a SRI sukuk model, the paper also studies the cases of the first SRI sukuk issued in Malaysia and other waqf-related sukuks that have been structured for the development of waqf property/asset in the past. Following that, the opinion of subject-matter experts and industry practitioners on the proposed SRI sukuk model is sought in a semi-structured interview. Based on the interviewees response, the study proposes the most feasible SRI sukuk model that could be implemented in the Malaysian context for the development of waqf properties/assets, which is a musharakah-based sukuk model. The model will be elaborated based on the purpose of development, functionality, choice of Shari'ah contract, obligor and return mechanism
Need to pioneer Islamic tourism in tourist resorts in Maldives
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to formulate ways in which Maldives could pioneer Islamic tourism on a befitting framework and financing structure as a leverage to develop its tourism industry. The research uses qualitative approach whereby primary and empirical data on tourism practices as well as relevant laws and guidelines, issued in Maldives and in other Muslim jurisdictions of the Muslim, are analyzed. Doctrinal approach is used in analyzing secondary data on the subject. The research reveals the potential of Islamic tourism in Maldives as well as the challenges that have constrained its development in the country. Certainty is needed in halal products, services and conducts. Codifying extant Maldives Halal Tourism Standards will establish legal framework for a standard Shariah-compliant tourism industry. Islamic financing structure enables mobilizing required funds and address financing constraints
International best practices in existing corporate waqf models: a retrospective - introduction, chapter content, best practices
No full textWaqf is being introduced and implemented in a number of innovative structures with contemporary movable asset class. Despite that, there is still a demand for waqf to be more effectively organised and managed. This chapter studies the contemporary establishment of corporate waqf, as exemplified by Waqaf An-Nur Corporation Berhad, Larkin Sentral Property Berhad, and Wareef Endowment Fund. These models are analyzed from the angles of governance, sustainable investment strategy, risk management, and social impact. These mini case studies are benchmarked against the leading Harvard Endowment Fund. The analysis sheds light on their levels of efficiency and effectiveness as well as their issues and challenges. This chapter proposes recommendations for consideration, especially to policy makers and waqf market players. This chapter adopts a qualitative research methodology by using textual and documentary analysis together with semi-structured interviews and discussions with the relevant stakeholders
A conventional and Shari'ah analysis of bitcoin
No full textThe contention surrounding bitcoin's acceptability and usage has an unsettled premise in both conventional and Shari'ah law, although digital and cryptocurrencies reflect a lasting reality. This research analyses this contention by examining the concept of currency and/or money and the underpinning trust reposed on its issuing authority against the notion that cryptocurrencies and fiat money differ only in form but share the same substance and purport. Qualitative methodology provides an analysis from conventional as well as Shari'ah viewpoints to examine the extent cryptocurrencies can gain admittance in contemporary conventional and Islamic finance and economy. The methodology entails non-empirical secondary data sourced from libraries and online databases comprising journal articles, textbooks, newspapers and reports subjected to doctrinal content analysis. Research outcomes show division among stakeholders, including conventional and Shari'ah scholars, regarding bitcoin and cryptocurrencies. Further research is recommended inter alia on ways to adopt Shariah-compliant cryptocurrencies worldwide
Do MSME patronage factors correspond to UAE Islamic banker perceptions?
No full textAccording to UAE Ministry of Economy, the SME sector represents more than 94 per cent of the total number of companies operating in the country and provide jobs for more than 86 per cent of the private sector's workforce. There are more than 350,000 companies working at the SMEs platform, and providing over 86 percent of the private sector's total workforce. They contribute to more than 60 percent of the UAE non-oil GDP. According to the Central Bank of UAE's data, credit provided to microenterprises grew 26.3% during the period from December 2017 through March 2019