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An analysis of cost efficiency in the Malaysian takaful industry
No full textEfficiency of financial institution has become an important part of insurance literature. This study aims to evaluate the performance in term of cost efficiency for takaful and insurance firms in Malaysia. A sample of 18 firms consisting of 7 takaful operators and 11 conventional insurers are chosen from the period 2004 to 2009. The cost efficiency score for each firm are obtained using input oriented DEA model. A Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test are employed to examine any significant difference in cost efficiency between Takaful industry and insurance industry. The main findings indicate a significant difference in cost efficiency between takaful and insurance industries. The average cost efficiency for takaful industry is 49.20% which implies they could reduce the cost of production by 50% without affecting the level of output. A lower market share exist in takaful industry has resulted to cost inefficiency. Essentially, this study has supported the market power theory
Loopholes in the Shariah corporate governance of Islamic banks in Malaysia
No full textShariah corporate governance could be defined as the way in which a corporation is directed, managed and controlled through the application of Shariah law or in a manner that is consistent with Shariah law. In the modern world application of conventional corporate governance principles to Islamic banks, not all of the conventional practices are rejected; but rather, an additional layer of corporate governance principles derived from Shariah law is added to the existing layer of it. However, in the course of doing this, if the conventional corporate governance principles are contrary to the Shariah principles, then only the contradictory part of the conventional law would be harmonised or removed from the structure
Legal, regulatory and governance issues in Islamic finance
No full textThis book presents a detailed examination of the use of common and civil law to license and govern Islamic financial institutions. Making international comparisons, it discusses specific laws from Iran, where all banking is Shari'ah compliant, to Malaysia and the Gulf, where Islamic financial institutions compete with conventional banks. As most Islamic banks operate under national banking laws, consideration is given as to how - and indeed whether - these need to be amended
Dividend tax cuts in the United States and single-tier tax regime in Malaysia: share price reactions to tax policy changes
No full textThere is a body of received theories which suggest that tax policy changes actually influence the value of corporations, and affect capital market values. There is strong evidence of share price being changed whenever good or bad news from tax changes occur. This paper provides a very short review of well-known theories, with the aim of showing how tax changes relating to dividends in Malaysia and in the USA do actually affect the values of shares in one mid-income and one high-income economy. Malaysia’s policy change in 2007 to streamline the dividend credit system into a single-tier tax system led to share price increases in Bursa Malaysia. Tax effect in the USA was tested using the good news of dividend tax cuts passed into law on three dates over 2003 and 2010. These findings are very much policy relevant for the ongoing debate, for example, in Malaysia on introducing future goods and sales tax to reduce other taxes
Watchdogs for cross-border Islamic banking: is there a need for an international Shari'ah advisory board?
No full textIslamic banking is unique and different from its conventional counterpart. This essentially means that we cannot carry out an apple to apple comparison between the two systems. Islamic banking is a system rooted in Islamic ideology. Overseeing of the whole system, thus naturally rests in the hands of those scholars who were educated in Islamic Shariah. This is the reason why several of the countries have established domestic Shariah advisory bodies, to monitor the administration of Islamic banking and the structuring of its products
The development of Islamic finance in the Gulf Cooperation Council States
No full textThe Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) is at the heart of Islamic world, with the two holiest shrines under the guardianship of Saudi Arabia, a kingdom that prides itself on being governed under shariah law. It might therefore be expected that the GCC states would be at the centre of the rapidly expanding Islamic finance industry, which encompasses retail and investment banking, insurance, fund management and the issuance and trading of shariah-compliant securities known as sukuk. The study appraises the extent of Islamic banking and financial development in the GCC.
Available in physical copy only (Call Number: DS 201.2 T772
Understanding Malaysia's unique governance and ownership characteristics from the historical lens
No full textPrior research examining corporate governance issues across jurisdictional boundaries and market specificity (emerging and otherwise) have commonly adopted the functionalist approach of exploring governance implications towards specific economic phenomena covering among others, firm's performance and its reporting behaviour. These studies have utilized common research methods (often archival modeling) and theories (economic and management based) subscribing to the positivist paradigm in understanding specific research phenomena
Financial inclusion: Islamic finance perspective
No full textEnhancing financial inclusion or access to finance can make critical contributions to the economic development. Conventional mechanisms such as micro-finance, small-medium-enterprises (SME), and micro-insurance to enhance financial inclusion have been partially successful in enhancing the access and are not without challenges. Islamic finance, based on the concept of risk-sharing offers set of financial instruments promoting risk-sharing rather than risk-transfer in the financial system. In addition, Islam advocates redistributive risk-sharing instruments such as Zakah, Sadaqat, Qard-al-hassan, etc, through which the economically more able segment of the society shares the risks facing the less able segment of the population. These are not instruments of charity, altruism or beneficence but are instruments of redemption of rights and repayment of obligations. In addition, the inheritance rules specify how the wealth of a person is distributed among present and future generations of inheritors
Corporate governance from a global perspective
No full textThis chapter deliberates on the international initiatives aimed at reforming and harmonizing corporate governance at a global, highlighting the difficulties of categorizing such a diversity of systems such that of the United Kingdom (UK), the United States (US), Germany and Japan. The polarization of corporate governance may have arisen from differences that exist between cultures and legal systems
Private sector capital accumulation and its impediments in the Ottoman / Islamic economy
No full textAs it is well known, interest prohibition constitutes one of the most important traits of Islamic economy and finance. The immediate consequence of the prohibition is the problem of combining the factors of production. Put differently, if Q=f (K, L, N, E, ....) is a simple production function, where Q is production, K is capital, L is labour, N is natural resources and E is entrepreneurship