INCEIF Knowledge Repository (INCEIF University)
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The importance of financial inclusion vis-a-vis poverty alleviation and their correlation with reference to SDG
No full textThe paper "The importance of financial inclusion vis-a-vis poverty alleviation and their correlation with reference to SDGs" presented by Prof. Datuk Dr. Syed Othman Alhabshi at Jakarta International Convention Center, Jakarta, Indonesia
Psychographic factors: does it influence personal bankcruptcy in Malaysia?
No full textPersonal debts issues are common matters and happen in every country. Excessive debts have led to default payments and ended in personal bankruptcy filing. The number of personal bankruptcy cases doubles in United States from 200,000 cases to 450,000 cases from 1970 to 1980 (White, 1987). In Malaysia, personal bankruptcy filing has been increasing at an alarming rate where Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) has announced that there are 251,209 cases as at September 2013 (The Star, 2013. In addition, recent bankruptcy record exhibits that the declared bankrupt cases are becoming more prevalent among younger generation as compared to past years records. The increase in personal bankruptcy cases has been attributed to erosion in credit evaluation process and this has led the banks to be more cautious and has tightened their lending process in loan approval ..
Efficiency assessment of banking sector in Yemen using data envelopment window analysis: a comparative analysis of Islamic and conventional banks
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to examine the banking industry’s efficiency using the case of Yemen. The paper utilises two-stage analysis to evaluate the efficiency adopting Data Envelopment Window Analysis (DEWA) in the first stage for the period 1996-2011. Furthermore, the paper addresses, in two-dimensional matrix, the stability and efficiency of the banking sector in order to assess their ability for survival. In the second stage, panel data analysis is applied to regress a set of bank-specific and macro-economic variables on the efficiency of the banking sector in Yemen in a comparative fashion between Islamic and conventional banks. The findings of the investigation indicate that the Yemeni banking industry in general was on a declining efficiency’s trend with increased instability during the later period of the investigation. In addition, the study shows that most conventional banks were relatively stable, though inefficient, while Islamic banks were more efficient over the time. The results of panel data regression further suggest that efficiency is related to a number of determinants. Loan/financing, and profitability are the common key determinants of efficiency for both Islamic and conventional banks. However, other determinants have impacted differently for Islamic and conventional banks, which could reflect the uniqueness of their operation and structure. The present study provides a basis for the regulators and bankers to assess the viability of the banking sector and proposes policies to restructure the industry in order to enhance the performance of the whole industry. The paper presents new empirical findings on the efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks in Yemen
Malaysia-US trade: the question of sustainability and correct policy
No full textThe on-off-on again-off again Malaysia-US Free Trade Agreement (MUSFTA) is a proposed treaty between Malaysia and the United States of America. Initial negotiations, in fact started way back in 2005 and as all other Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), the treaty aims to liberalise each other markets to parties of the agreement and directly encourage trade between the two countries. Malaysia has a commendable and enviable economic growth and development. Our macroeconomic policies have always been designed to create a more liberalized and fair international trade environment. Though Malaysia continues to accord high priority to the rule-based multilateral trading system under the World Trade Organisation (WTO), Malaysia is also pursuing regional and bilateral trading arrangements to complement the multilateral approach to trade liberalisation
Institutional quality and CO2 emission-trade relations: evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa
No full textThis paper examines the roles of trade, institutional quality and their interactions in explaining carbon dioxide emissions in a panel sample of 40 Sub-Sahara African countries using the system generalised method of moments. We find that institutional reforms are unequivocally environmental improving. Meanwhile, the impacts of trade on the environment tend to depend on the institutional setting of a country. More specifically, trade openness is harmful to the environment in countries with low institutional quality and beneficial to the environment in countries with high institutional quality. This means that institutional reforms are a perquisite for the countries with low institutional quality to actualise the beneficial environment effect of trade. As for the countries with adequate institutional quality, trade and institutions are reinforcing each other in bringing down pollution. From these results, we conclude that trade openness implemented in a sound institutional setting potentially brings better trade, more growth and better environment
Human capital in Islamic finance: developing talents with knowledge, skills and competencies
No full textIslamic banks in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Bahrain represent more than 48.9%, 44.6% and 27.7% market share respectively. Posititve progress has been made in Indonesia, Turkey and Pakistan, with 43.5%, 18.7% and 22.0%. CGAR respectively from 2009-2013. International Islamic banking assets with commercial banks set to exceed US$778b in 2014. The global profit pool of Islamic banks is set to triple by 2016
Governance, performance and risk management issues in Malaysian Islamic financial institutions
No full textThe body of literature on Islamic banking has expanded significantly in the recent decades. A cursory overview of it paints a picture of an uncertain future for the industry. Admittedly, Islamic banking has experienced some success globally, with an annual double digit growth rate (an average of 15% to 20% annually) in the last decade. But to maintain the momentum, the industry has to improve on a number of pertinent aspects ..
Time to make hay as the future is bright and sunny in the Maldives
No full textMaldives is a famous tourist destination that is unique not only geographically, but it is also a 100% Muslim country that has a homogenous language and culture across the whole country that consists of 1,190 small islands. Though the economy and the financial landscape of the country is predominated by conventional financing methods and ideas, since the formation of the first Islamic bank of the country, Maldives Islamic Bank in 2011, the development of Islamic finance has grown exponentially. Since then, the country has witnessed a rapid and remarkable growth in Islamic finance that is worth studying. The year 2015 can be considered as a significant year that has brought the importance of Islamic finance in Maldives to the limelight
Waqf and Islamic banking and finance: the missing link
No full textIslam strongly endorses socio-economic and welfare-friendly practices, supporting and promoting philanthropic and charitable deeds. The concept of waqf in Shari'a is regarded as an empirical embodiment of this very preposition. Waqf derives its origin from approximately fourteen centuries back, and is known to have been first practised by the Prophet himself for public utility or social causes
Building critical awareness of opportunities in Islamic finance
No full textRisk is a major component of our environment; human beings are surrounded by innumerable risks from birth to death; humans learned to improve after experiencing misfortunes; quest for security evolved since the dawn of man’s existence. In Islamic jurisprudence, the legal maxim “al-ghorm bil ghonm“ or “no reward without risk“ holds true