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Examining Audiovisual Entrainment to Rhythm: Contingency-Based Gamification May Generate Divergent Learning Outcomes
Full text linkCristina La Veneno Ortiz: A Transgender Icon of Spain and the Fight for Transgender Rights
Full text linkAlthough Spain has taken steps to protect transgender people at a policy level, transgender individuals continue to face systemic victimization and unequal access to fundamental human rights. Historically, they have been absent, misgendered, or reduced to negative stereotypes in the film, music, and television industries. Nevertheless, over the last ten years, and in response to the growing transphobic rhetoric and hate prevalent worldwide, numerous transgender women artists and allies have created or participated in artistic projects that not only challenge these stereotypes but also provide new and more inclusive representations and definitions of “women” and “feminine.” One of those artistic products was the Altresmedia television series “Veneno,” which depicted the life of Cristina Ortiz Rodríguez (“La Veneno”) as a transgender woman in Spain during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Representations in the media like the Veneno TV series have become agents involved in the fight for the recognition and protection of transgender women in every sector of society
Little Fish, Big Pond: Are Micro Influencers Worth the Catch? Analyzing the Difference and Effectiveness Between Micro and Macro Influencers
Full text linkAs social media has grown in popularity and influence, its users have become persuasive leaders in marketing products to their audiences. Originally celebrities, models, and artists were key influencers, able to market products to their millions of followers. With the growth of TikTok, users now have the opportunity to become micro-influencers. With the rise in influencer marketing, companies are spending significant amounts of money trying to reach a larger audience on social media. Research has shown that influencers can be effective. However, with micro and macro influencers now being utilized, it is important to look at who is using which type of influencers in their strategies and the relationship to a company\u27s finances. This study explores the relationship between marketing expenditures and revenue for companies utilizing micro-influencers vs. macro- influencers, finding that companies investing in macro- influencers spend more on marketing overall, and have higher revenue than companies utilizing micro-influencers
Being an Inessential Woman: Sexual Fluidity and Migratory Identities in Mohsin Hamid’s Exit West
Full text linkThis paper explores the experiences of principal characters in Mohsin Hamid’s novel Exit West, particularly the woman protagonist Nadia, as they battle with displacement and assimilation. The novel highlights the challenges faced by Nadia, a migrant woman, as she navigates through constant mobility and cultural adaptation. This continuous movement engenders a similar fluidity in her sexual orientation as she searches for a home. Nadia represents the “inessential woman” of Elizabeth Spelman’s book of the same name, a woman who is othered by White, middle-class feminists who may view Muslim women as shackled by heterosexuality and religious sanctions. Yet Nadia is more complex than those Western stereotypes. Despite many studies on Exit West, the novel’s discussion of sexuality and sexual freedom amongst migrant women is often overlooked. By employing Elizabeth Grosz’s concepts of body politics, desire, and sexual difference in the reading of this literary text, this study analyses the ontological gender and sexual identities of women in the Global South who are often ignored in hegemonic feminism. The textual exegesis also probes the limitations of bisexual epistemologies in the context of displaced women, who are otherwise regarded as non-epistemic objects. This paper reads Hamid’s text in the context of studies of Muslim migrant women’s intersecting experiences of transculturality, gender, and sexuality. Additionally, this study employs Ellie Anderson’s “hermeneutics of labor” to analyse the emotional labour of Nadia in her ambivalent relationship with Saeed, which complicates the platitudinous portrayal of migrant lives in literary readings
Book Review: Ethical Encounters: Transnational Feminism, Human Rights, and War Cinema in Bangladesh
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“In the World”: The Journal of International Women’s Studies at 25
No full textAcademic journals are at the heart of our system of communicating scholarly ideas and research results, and have been since at least the 1640s, but at no time has the genre undergone such challenge and change as in the past 25 years. In that span, the perennial quest among editors to stay relevant has been joined by successive waves of novel transition: a shift from print to online publishing, the push for an open-access model of consumption, the growth of alternative, non-journal communication networks (from listservs to weblogs, podcasts, and more), and now, the uncertainty of generative AI. To face all these obstacles and flourish takes ingenuity and perseverance and pluck. The Journal of International Women’s Studies (JIWS) has all three in abundance
Cybercrime as a Threat to the Banking Sector: A Perspective from Commercial Banks in Bangladesh
Full text linkCyber and technology related crimes are gradually increasing all over the world due to rapid transitions and transactions in the digital world and cyberspace. Cyber related threats are increasingly becoming universal, multi-faceted, sophisticated and transnational in this tech-driven age. Governments, law enforcement agencies, IT professionals, scholars, and researchers worldwide have been concerned about digital deviance and crime. The transition to this widespread cybercrime is particularly difficult for developing countries. Recently, the banking sectors in Bangladesh have seen the emerging threats to its system and reserves through cyberspace, e. g. cyber-attacks or taking illegal access. Cybercrime is becoming a threat to the government itself due to many technical limitations and lack of necessary legislation to prevent this. This paper aims to highlight the risks and types of cybercrime in the banking sector of Bangladesh and highlight the necessity of implementing strong cyber security protocols in banks by comparing the cyber security of public and private commercial banks. This study employed purposive snowball sampling and qualitative research methods to gather data from primary and secondary sources, including key informant interviews (KIIs) and case studies. Interviews were conducted with 28 top bank officials from various commercial banks. The study\u27s findings section covered the evolution of cybercrime in Bangladesh\u27s banking industry, the frequency of cybercrime in various commercial banks, and the institutional weaknesses in the rigorous response to cybercrime. This paper\u27s recommendations section offered several practical ways to combat cybercrimes and create a robust foundation for cybersecurity
Rewriting Histories: The Experiences of Pioneering Egyptian Women Architects in the Socio-Political Context of the Nasser Era
Full text linkThe history of modern architecture has particularly emphasized the roles of male architects with little mention of women architects. Since women’s contributions have often been overlooked, feminist scholars worldwide have aimed to showcase women’s history in the architectural profession over the past several years. However, there is still a lack of scholarship on the historical experiences and contributions of women architects in the Middle East, particularly Egypt. This research aims to address this gap in historiography by focusing on the first women architects in Egypt during the Nasser era. As such, the study utilizes archival sources and examines various architecture and engineering magazines and state reports published during the mid-20th century. Our analysis reveals how early architectural pioneers such as Anjil Tawfik, Amina Maher, Zakeya Shafʿi, and Sawsan el-Qusbi faced considerable barriers related to societal norms and educational limitations. We argue that the idealized image of womanhood was a strategy employed by men to maintain the discipline as androcentric. In contrast, Nasser’s regime, which was concerned with Egypt’s modernization and development, enacted progressive policies to promote gender equality. The policies facilitated the entry of women into different fields including engineering and architecture. We examine the complex interplay between state feminism and persistent societal norms, noting how Abdel Nasser redefined the ideal image of women to one that balanced professional work with familial responsibilities. We explore the career trajectories of early pioneering women architects, arguing that al-taklif, the employment order mandated by Abdel Nasser in 1955, was not merely a work policy but also shaped the ideal image of professional life for women architects. We discuss women architects’ strategies to carve out a space for themselves in architectural practice. Finally, we address the lack of recognition for women architects’ work with a focus on Zakeya Shafʿi and Amina Maher, two pioneering Egyptian women architects