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Shaping the structural dynamics of motor learning through cueing during sleep.
No full textEnhancing the retention of recent memory traces through sleep reactivation is possible via Targeted Memory Reactivation (TMR), involving cueing learned material during post-training sleep. Evidence indicates detectable short-term microstructural changes in the brain within an hour after motor sequence learning, and post-training sleep is believed to contribute to the consolidation of these motor memories, potentially leading to enduring microstructural changes. In this study, we explored how TMR during post-training sleep affects performance gains and delayed microstructural remodeling, using both standard Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and advanced Neurite Orientation Dispersion & Density Imaging (NODDI). Sixty healthy young adults participated in a five-day protocol, undergoing five Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) sessions, pre- and post-two motor sequence training sessions, and after a post-training night of either regular sleep (RS) or TMR. Results demonstrated rapid skill acquisition on Day 1, followed by performance stabilization on Day 2, and improvement on Day 5, in both RS and TMR groups. (Re)training induced widespread microstructural changes in motor-related areas, initially involving the hippocampus, followed by a delayed engagement of the caudate nucleus. Mean Diffusivity (MD) changes were accompanied by increased Neurite Density Index (NDI) in the putamen, suggesting increased neurite density, while Free Water Fraction (FWF) reduction indicated glial reorganization. TMR-related structural differences emerged in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on Day 2 and the right cuneus on Day 5, suggesting unique sleep TMR-related neural reorganization patterns. Persistence of practice-related structural changes, although moderated over time, suggest a lasting neural network reorganization, partially mediated by sleep TMR.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Le monde du roman français, 1800- 1830/The World of the French Novel, 1800-1830
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Taking the Camera Back: Articulating Indigeneity Through Film in Tibet
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L’Art nouveau du livre en Belgique :une ornementation en « symbole d’une pensée »
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La liberté d'expression, sacrée mais pas absolue
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Chiral Pt(II)–V(V) Bimetallic Cages and Guest-Induced Allosteric Regulation of Catalytic Asymmetric Sulfoxidation
No full textFlexible metal–organic cages can provide confined active metal sites and show promise in mimicking metalloenzymes. In this study, we synthesized two flexible chiral bimetallic coordination cages, [(PEt3)6Pt3(R,R,R-VL)2]6+ and its enantiomer, through the self-assembly of platinum(II) precursors with enantiopure tripodal vanadium(V) complexes bearing pendant pyridyl groups (VL). The cages show guest binding with chiral camphorsulfonate anions, concomitant with changes in the cage conformation. The catalytic properties of the cage for oxidizing thioethers into chiral sulfoxides were investigated in comparison with a simple chiral vanadium(V) complex. While the simple complex, either alone or along with camphorsulfonate, does not show any enantioselectivity, the cage alone enables enantioselective oxidation even though the enantiomeric excess is low. The stereoselectivity is significantly improved after the camphorsulfonate guest is introduced to the cage. The chiral guest acts like an allosteric effector for enzymes to modulate the cage conformation and the local microenvironment around the catalytic site in favor of chiral induction. This work highlights the potentials of leveraging cage-confined catalytic sites and host–guest interactions for advancing supramolecular asymmetric catalysis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Overcoming the mucus barrier: an enhanced wall interaction model for targeted drug delivery in the nasal cavity
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Liuxue (Studying Abroad): A Pathway to Sexual Freedom for China’s Gay Youth?
No full textThis essay examines the role of international education in the lives of China’s gay youth, revealing how their desire to study abroad is motivated not only by academic or career aspirations but also by the pursuit of sexual freedom. Based on semi-structured interviews conducted from 2020 to 2021 among 16 Chinese gay (former) students in France, the study highlights how studying abroad allows China’ gay youth to escape homophobic environments, affirm their sexual identity, and attain social mobility. The essay challenges the dominant perception of international education as solely a means of securing social status, emphasising its intrinsic value for sexual aspirations.info:eu-repo/semantics/inPres
Unjustified silence in the face of this new war in eastern DR Congo
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Émile de Meester de Ravestein, un collezionista e diplomatico belga all’epoca del Risorgimento
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