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Customisation’s impact on strengthening affective bonds and decision-making with socially assistive robots
No full textThis study aims to fill a gap in understanding how customising robots can affect how humans interact with them, specifically regarding human decision-making and robot perception. The study focused on the robot’s ability to persuade participants to follow its suggestions within the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), where participants were challenged to balance the risk of bursting a virtual balloon against the potential reward of inflating it further. A between-subjects design was used, involving 62 participants divided evenly between customised or non-customised robot conditions. Compliance, risk-taking, reaction time, and perceptions of the robot’s likability, intelligence, trustworthiness, and ownership were measured using quantitative and qualitative methods. The results showed that there were no significant differences in compliance or risk-taking behaviours between customised and non-customised robots. However, participants in the customised condition reported a significant increase in perceived ownership. Additionally, reaction times were longer in the customised condition, particularly for the “collect” suggestion. These results indicate that although customisation may not directly affect compliance or risk-taking, it enhances cognitive engagement and personal connection with robots. Regardless of customisation, the presence of a robot significantly influenced risk-taking behaviours, supporting theories of over-trust in robots and the automation bias. These findings highlight the importance of carefully considering ethical design and effective communication strategies when developing socially assistive robots to manage user trust and expectations, particularly in applications where behavioural influence is involved
Wie viel Digital Public Health steckt in Public-Health-Studiengängen? Eine systematische Modulhandbuchanalyse von Vollzeitstudiengängen an öffentlichen Hochschulen und Universitäten in Deutschland
No full textZusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Fachkräfte für den Bereich Digital Public Health (DiPH) sind für eine erfolgreiche digitale Transformation im Sozial- und Gesundheitswesen notwendig. Unklar ist jedoch, inwiefern im Public-Health-(PH-)Studium DiPH-bezogene Inhalte vermittelt werden.
Methode
Mittels systematischer Modulhandbuchanalyse wurden DiPH-bezogene Inhalte von akkreditierten PH-orientierten Studiengängen öffentlicher Hochschulen und Universitäten in Deutschland analysiert. Über die Plattform „Hochschulkompass“ und Mitgliedsstudiengänge der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Public Health (DGPH) wurden 422 Studiengänge identifiziert. Eingeschlossene Modulhandbücher wurden inhaltsanalytisch mittels MAXQDA ausgewertet.
Ergebnisse
Lediglich 10 Bachelor- und 6 Masterstudiengänge weisen einen inhaltlichen DiPH-Bezug auf. Sie sind in ihren Schwerpunkten heterogen und unterschiedlichen PH-Teilbereichen zuzuordnen („Methoden, Definition, Geschichte und Sozialmedizin“ = 5; „Gesundheitsmanagement“ = 5; „Digital Health“ = 3; „Versorgungsforschung“ = 2; „Gesundheitskommunikation“ = 1). Zwischen dem wissenschaftlich gängigen Verständnis von DiPH und den darauf bezogenen Inhalten in den Modulhandbüchern zeigen sich Unterschiede. Die identifizierten Inhalte fokussieren eher technische und geringfügiger sozial- und gesundheitswissenschaftliche Bereiche.
Diskussion
Die heterogenen Studiengänge mit DiPH-Bezug ermöglichen akademischen PH-Fachkräften eine spezifische Profilierung. Um umfassende Kompetenzen im Bereich DiPH zu erlangen, bedarf es eines weiteren Ausbaus entsprechender Module, die für den jeweiligen Studiengang relevant sind. Die Ergebnisse könnten zur (Weiter‑)Entwicklung geeigneter Module sowie eines DiPH-Kerncurriculums dienen
Formal and Analytic Diagonalization of Operator functions – Major Revision
No full textWe give conditions for local diagonalization of an analytic operator family L(ε) to a diagonal operator polynomial Δ(ε) and analytic near identity bijections ψ(ε) and ϕ(ε). L(ε) is acting between real or complex Banach spaces.
The basic assumption is given by stabilization of the Jordan chains at length k in the sense that no root elements with finite rank above k are allowed to exist. Jordan chains with infinite rank may appear. The assumptions ensure finite pole order equal to k of the generalized inverse at ε=0. Smooth continuation of kernels and ranges of L(ε) to appropriate limit spaces at ε=0 arises immediately.
An algebraically oriented and self-contained approach is used, based on a recursion that allows for construction of power series solutions of L(ε)∙b=0. The power series solutions are convergent, as soon as analyticity of L(ε) and continuity of related projections are assumed
Data Protection Regulation Compliant Dataset Generation for LiDAR-Based People Detection Using Neural Networks
No full textThe use of LiDAR sensor technology for people detection offers a significant advantage in terms of data protection. In LiDAR point clouds, unlike camera images, people can be detected but not identified without further information. LiDAR sensors are, therefore, particularly suitable for detecting people in publicly accessible places and reacting accordingly to the number of people, for example, with on demand services at airports. Due to the anonymity of people in LiDAR point clouds, personal data is protected, and approval for implementing such a detection system is simpler than that of comparable camera systems. In this paper, we present a measurement setup that covers the configuration of the sensor setup, the creation of a dataset for training neural networks for object detection, and the object detection itself. The measurement setup generates an average of 2408 automatically labeled point clouds per sensor, per hour. The SECOND network trained with this dataset achieves average precision for the intersection over union of the 2D view with a threshold of 0.5 of 87.67 %, the PV-RCNN of 85.74 % and an average precision for the average orientation similarity with a threshold of 0.5 of 89.56 %, and for the PV-RCNN of 87.81 %
A method to benchmark high-dimensional process drift detection
No full textProcess curves are multivariate finite time series data coming from manufacturing processes. This paper studies machine learning that detect drifts in process curve datasets. A theoretic framework to synthetically generate process curves in a controlled way is introduced in order to benchmark machine learning algorithms for process drift detection. An evaluation score, called the temporal area under the curve, is introduced, which allows to quantify how well machine learning models unveil curves belonging to drift segments. Finally, a benchmark study comparing popular machine learning approaches on synthetic data generated with the introduced framework is presented that shows that existing algorithms often struggle with datasets containing multiple drift segments
ESG Risk Radar for Armenia: Assessment of climate-related and other ESG Risks
No full textIn the context of the economic consequences of climate change, the management of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) risks has become a high priority on the agenda of Central Banks world-wide to secure continuing financial stability.
To overcome the systematic challenges of financial institutions to manage ESG and especially climate-related risks, German Sparkassenstiftung for international Cooperation (DSIK) is offering the tool Risk Radar in cooperation with Kempten University to enable financial institutions to analyze climate related and other ESG risks within their credit portfolios. This instrument uses a pragmatic yet comprehensive approach: Based on the persuasion that risk management is at its best when it is fully understood, it replaces speculative modelling with knowledge-based, transparent assessments. As a result, it offers a complete overview over ESG risks in the loan portfolio in the form of a heat-map analysis that is compatible with the recommendations of the Bank for International Settlement (BIS) and can be used as a basis for individual risk analysis and pricing in the loan giving process.
By applying a systematic top-down scoring methodology, risks become measurable and comparable, which in turn enables financial institutions and regulators to implement successful risk management strategies
Zukunft gestalten in Organisationen Sozialer Arbeit - Veränderungen in Zeiten der Digitalisierung
No full textDie Digitalisierung stellt einen der gesellschaftlichen Wandlungsprozesse dar, der nun seit einigen Jahren auch Organisationen der Sozialen Arbeit betrifft. Vor diesem Hintergrund betrachten Prof. Dr. Sandra Niedermeier, Svenja König und Laura Bieler in ihrem Beitrag den Stand der Digitalisierung in der Sozialen Arbeit. Dazu werden zunächst Studien zur Verbreitung und Akzeptanz digitaler Technologien in der Sozialen Arbeit vorgestellt. Im Beitrag erfahren Sie u. a., welche Bedeutung die Digitalisierung für die Soziale Arbeit hat und weshalb die Auseinandersetzung der Sozialen Arbeit mit der Digitalen Transformation zukünftig positiv zu sehen ist, was digitale Reifegradmodelle sind und welche Reifegradmodelle für die Soziale Arbeit Relevanz haben, vor welchen Herausforderungen Organisationen der Sozialen Arbeit im Prozess der Digitalen Transformation stehen und welche Chancen gleichzeitig mit der Digitalen Transformation verbunden sind und welche Perspektiven für die Zukunft der Sozialen Arbeit im Kontext der Digitalen Transformation und der damit einhergehenden Veränderungen gezeichnet werden können
Technologie ist nicht alles
No full textÜber gesellschaftliche Transformation und digitale Bildungslandschaf
Comparison of the perception of damaged rear axle tie rods in the real vehicle and in the dynamic driving simulator based on subjective and physiological data
No full textDriving simulators are increasingly used in chassis development. An application example is the subjective assessment of the controllability of the vehicle in the event of damage. As a result, an axle concept can be developed with regard to the chain of occurring damages or risk assessments of potential axle damage can be carried ou in a cost-saving, reproducible manner and without endangering the driver. A central question in the application of driving simulators is the validity of the results. In this work, the subjective evaluations and physiological stress indicators in the real vehicle and in the driving simulator are compared. For this purpose, three real vehicles are equipped with differently deformed tie rods on the rear axle and in parallel a validated real-time capable full vehicle model is used. A slalom, a double lane change and a cornering manoevre are completed by 20 semi-professional test drivers. A comparison of the subjective evaluations shows that for tie rod deformations up to 15 mm absolute validity is achieved. For the 25 mm deformed tie rod, there are statistically significant differences, which can be explained by the physical limits of the full vehicle model. There are no statistically significant differences in the physiological quantities, which indicates a comparable stress level in the vehicle and in the driving simulator
Kollaborationsunterstützende Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien für häusliche Pflegenetzwerke
No full textPflegende Angehörige sind zentraler Bestandteil häuslicher Pflegearrangements, in denen informelle, semi-professionelle und professionelle Akteure und Leistungserbringer produktiv zusammenwirken sollen. Die dafür nötigen Organisations- und Koordinierungsleistungen werden häufig von pflegenden Angehörigen mit übernommen. Digitalen Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT) wird das Potenzial zugeschrieben, pflegende Angehörige und andere Personengruppen in ihrer Zusammenarbeit zu entlasten. Der Beitrag stellt in kompakter Form einige entsprechende Lösungen vor, die am deutschsprachigen Markt verfügbar sind