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Herausforderungen und Perspektiven für die Studienrichtung Library Science/Bibliothekswissenschaft der Studiengänge Information Science (BA u. MA) an der Hochschule Darmstadt
Get PDFDieser Beitrag behandelt schlaglichtartig die künftigen Perspektiven für die Studienrichtung Library Science/Bibliothekswissenschaft an der Hochschule Darmstadt. Ausgehend von den Besonderheiten der Darmstädter Bibliothekswissenschaft werden zukünftige Studienschwerpunkte auf den Gebieten Open Science und Data Science skizziert sowie ein Blick auf den sich veränderten Arbeitsmarkt für Bibliotheken geworfen, der in Darmstadt zur Entwicklung eines kooperativen dualen Studienangebotes für die Bibliothekswissenschaft geführt hat
OXTR-Related Markers in Clinical Depression: a Longitudinal Case–Control Psychotherapy Study
Get PDFWe investigated stability and change of plasma and urinary oxytocin as well as OXTR DNA methylation patterns through psychotherapy. Furthermore, we explored the potential impact of inpatient psychotherapy on oxytocin-related biomarkers and vice versa by differentiating patients who remitted from depression versus non-remitters. Blood and urine samples were taken from 85 premenopausal women (aged 19–52), 43 clinically depressed patients from a psychosomatic inpatient unit, and 42 healthy control subjects matched for age and education at two points of time. Serum and urine oxytocin were measured using standard ELISA, and DNA methylation of the OXTR gene was assessed using bisulfite sequencing at the time of admission (baseline) and at discharge and from controls at matched time points. Oxytocin plasma levels were not associated with depression and were influenced by neither time in healthy controls nor psychotherapy in patients. Non-remitting depressed patients had significantly lower oxytocin urine levels before and after psychotherapy treatment. We found significantly lower exon 1 OTXR methylation in depressed patients over time and these differences were driven by patients remitting due to psychotherapy. A reverse pattern — higher levels of methylation in remitters — was found for exon 2 OXTR DNA methylation. Plasma oxytocin, urinary oxytocin, and OXTR DNA methylation patterns were intrapersonally relatively stable. OXTR-related factors were seemingly unaffected by inpatient psychotherapeutic treatment, but we found significant differences between remitting and non-remitting patients in urinary oxytocin and OXTR DNA methylation. If replicated, this suggests that OXTR-related markers may predict inpatient treatment outcomes of clinically depressed patients
Self-adapting data migration in the context of schema evolution in NoSQL databases
Get PDFWhen NoSQL database systems are used in an agile software development setting, data model changes occur frequently and thus, data is routinely stored in different versions. The management of versioned data leads to an overhead potentially impeding the software development. Several data migration strategies exist that handle legacy data differently during data accesses, each of which can be characterized by certain advantages and disadvantages. Depending on the requirements for the software application, we evaluate and compare different migration strategies through metrics like migration costs and latency as well as precision and recall. Ideally, exactly that strategy should be selected whose characteristics fulfill service-level agreements and match the migration scenario, which depends on the query workload and the changes in the data model which imply an evolution of the database schema. In this paper, we present a methodology of self-adapting data migration, which automatically adjusts migration strategies and their parameters with respect to the migration scenario and service-level agreements, thereby contributing to the self-management of database systems and supporting agile development
Performance analysis of near-earth, lunar and interplanetary optical communication links
Get PDFThe performance of near-Earth, lunar and interplanetary laser optical communications is investigated by using simulation models which were successfully verified in previous projects. The simulation models consider typical mission design parameters like transmit power and operation wavelength for the optical laser transmitters, different apertures of the optical telescope, varying distances between the Earth ground station and the spacecraft terminals, Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (APD) or superconducting nanowire single photon detection (SNSPD) receivers, atmospheric disturbances like scintillation and absorption, background noises for the uplink and downlink and appropriate pulse position modulation (PPM) orders. Typical design parameters are those of published ESA (European Space Agency) and NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) missions. The investigations of laser optical communications for various system parameters and different distances between the Earth ground station and the spacecraft could also help to achieve an overview of free space and deep space optical communications for different orbit constellations for future missions with laser optical communication links
Introduction: What does the philosophy of interdisciplinarity offer?
Get PDFStudies in Science, Society and
Sustainabilit
Nutzung von Radverkehrsanlagen durch S-Pedelecs
Get PDFDie regionale Mobilitätswende verfolgt das Ziel, den nicht vermeidbaren Verkehr vom motorisierten Individualverkehr so weit als möglich auf umweltfreundlichere Verkehrsmittel – wie etwa (Elektro-)Fahrräder – zu verlagern. Dabei ermöglichen Speed-Pedelecs (S-Pedelecs) ein kraftsparendes und zügiges Fahren, was sie für Alltagsverkehre bis zu einer Entfernung von 15 - 20 km besonders interessant macht. Allerdings dürfen sie bislang Radverkehrsanlagen („Radwege“) nicht nutzen.
Dieses Papier definiert vor diesem Hintergrund zunächst die Randbedin-gungen für die Öffnung von inner- und überörtlichen Radverkehrsanlagen für S-Pedelecs. Zentraler Punkt bei der Untersuchung ist die (subjektive und objektive) Sicherheit für alle, die im Verkehr unterwegs sind.
Schon unter der geltenden Rechtslage in Deutschland haben die örtlichen Straßenverkehrsbehörden die Möglichkeit, Radwege mit einem Zusatzschild freizugeben und so für S-Pedelecs attraktiver zu machen. Dazu müsste allerdings die oberste Verkehrsbehörde des jeweiligen Bundeslandes die Nutzung dieses Verkehrsschildes gestatten. Die örtliche Verkehrsbehörde kann dann entscheiden, welche Strecken sie für S-Pedelecs freigeben will. Es empfiehlt sich, zunächst solche Strecken auszuwählen, die eine hohe Pendel-Relevanz aufweisen und die zudem die Sicherheitskriterien erfüllen.
Langfristig sind Anpassungen im Rechtsrahmen in Angriff zu nehmen, welche die Integration von S-Pedelecs in den Straßenverkehr erleichtern. Hierfür sind durch Modellversuche Erfahrungen zu sammeln, auf deren Grundlage konkrete Handlungsempfehlungen für die Öffnung von Radverkehrsanlagen für S-Pedelecs zu formulieren sind
Anreicherung von Bibliothekskatalogen
Get PDFDiese Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der gängigen Anreicherung von Bibliothekskatalogen an wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken in Deutschland. Anhand von Beispielen einzelner Bibliothekseinrichtungen werden die Anreicherungsarten sowie mögliche Entwicklungstendenzen vorgestellt. Die Anreicherungen beziehen sich auf die Auffindbarkeit der Bestände, Erweiterung von Suchräumen und die Zugänglichkeit der Daten, Bedienbarkeit für die Nutzenden, Einbezug der Nutzenden sowie zusätzliche Service-Angebote. Durch die Beobachtung der Bibliothekverbünde konnte ein Entwicklungs- und Nutzungsstand sowie eine Tendenz in Bezug auf die Anreicherung der Kataloge festgestellt werden. Auffällig ist die im Zuge der digitalen Transformation zunehmende maschinelle Sacherschließung sowie Metadatenübernahme, die langsam über die Verbundebene wächst. Der Einsatz von Ressource Discovery Systemen und gescannten Inhaltsverzeichnissen in Bibliothekskatalogen sind mittlerweile mehr Regel als Ausnahme. Weiterentwicklungsbedarf besteht in der Bestandserschließung, dem Relevanz-Ranking sowie im Einsatz von Konkordanzen.This bachelor thesis deals with the usual enrichment of library catalogs at academic libraries in Germany. Using examples from different libraries, the types of enrichment as well as possible development trends are presented. The enrichments refer to the findability of the collections, extension of search spaces and the accessibility of the data, usability for the users, inclusion of the users as well as additional service offers. By observing the library networks, it was possible to determine the state of development and use, as well as a tendency with regard to the enrichment of the catalogs. The increasing machine subject indexing as well as metadata migration in the course of the digital transformation is conspicuous and is slowly growing beyond the network level. The use of resource discovery systems and scanned tables of contents in library catalogs are now more the rule than the exception. There is a need for further development in collection indexing, relevance ranking, and the use of concordances
Handbook of Leather Design for Sustainable Development
Get PDFThis handbook aims at facilitating the design and development process of leather products and informing the people working within those processes. They are not intented as formulas to be simply followed in order to create “sustainable products”. Instead, the overall goal of this handbook is to broaden the scope of designers, marketers, product managers and all other parties involved in creating new leather products. Leather productsare usually embedded in a complex and diffuse system that makes it very difficult to design them “more sustainable”. In order to do so, a systemic perspective is needed that takes a wide variety of aspects and interrelations into account that sometimes contradict each other. Therefore, in the case of leather products, design for sustainable development might often be an
iterative process involving compromises and uncertainties and requires
a constant re-evaluation of design decisions and systemic effects. This handbook is therefore intended to contribute to a capacity-building process through which design and development processes become more systemic, leading towards more sustainable products
Comparing the motivational underpinnings of sustainable consumption across contexts using a scenario-based approach
Get PDFA sample of tourists (N = 780) responded to a survey addressing purchasing intentions and consumption motives in relation to buying sustainable groceries at a local food market. These intentions and motives were contrasted for two consumption contexts: on vacation vs. at home. An initial analysis of the data indicated that self-reported purchasing intentions were weaker for a vacation scenario than for a home scenario. Further analyses suggested that motives associated with purchasing intentions were not universal between contexts. At home, normative motives (i.e., good conscience) were positively associated with intentions, whereas other motives failed to explain significant variance (i.e., value for money, calm and safe, avoid boredom, pleasure, and good impression). On vacation, associations with intentions followed a similar pattern, except for the finding that hedonic motives (i.e., pleasure) added explanatory variance. Despite the increased importance of hedonic motives on vacation compared to at home, normative motives showed the strongest association with purchasing intentions in both consumption contexts. The findings are discussed with reference to the literature on contextual discrepancies in environmental behavior, while noting possible implications for promoting sustainable consumption among tourists
Strukturen vermindern Verschleiß und Kratzempfindlichkeit
Get PDFDie Schmierung durch Öle oder Gleitmittel kann zur Minimierung von Verschleiß bei Kunststoffen zum Einsatz kommen – ist allerdings nicht bei allen Anwendungen möglich oder erwünscht. Hier kann die
Strukturierung der Oberflächen von Kunststoffbauteilen helfen. Ein neues Rechenmodell zeigt einen neuen Weg zur Entwicklung tribologisch optimierter Produktoberflächen