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Renovering af almene boligområder:Evaluering af fysiske og sociale renoveringer
Get PDFMed denne udgivelse evalueres ti renoveringer, der er støttet af Landsbyggefonden og færdiggjort i 2020-2023. Formålet med evalueringen er at vurdere resultaterne, at kortlægge barrierer og potentialer samt at indhente erfaringer, der kan bringes i spil i forbindelse med fremtidige renoveringer. I fire af de ti renoveringer har der ud over de fysiske renoveringer været gennemført eksperimenter med såkaldte ’sociale renoveringer’. De har haft det særskilte formål at undersøge potentialerne for at forbedre det sociale liv i boligafdelingerne og bekæmpe ensomhed gennem fysiske interventioner
Generationel dissonans. Stemningsarbejde i samtaler om racisme, sexisme og diversitet i organisationer.
No full textWhat's so new about social investment?:Evidence from the history of the Danish welfare state
Get PDFSocial Investment is heralded as a new social policy logic that views present social expenditure in light of future benefits for a greater good. Seeking to qualify the discussion of the historical status and development of Social Investment logic(s), this article asks the question: Is the social investment logic new? Taking the critique of Social Investment as utilitarian as a starting point, we trace and analyse historical logics in the formative decades of the Danish welfare state ca. 1880–1940 by investigating four important and controversial social policies: (1) The role of economics in the 1891 old age pension reform, (2) turn of the century uses of Christian discipline, (3) the landmark 1933 social reform, and (4) the eugenic program of the 1920s and 1930s. We apply problem analysis to key texts of protagonists of the Danish moral elites in the period: Harald Westergaard and Karl Kristian Steincke. Our results show the historical presence of utilitarian concerns similar to contemporary Social Investment logics tied to heterogeneous and conflicting cultural, social, humanist, religious, and biological concerns. Broadly understood, the Social Investment logic is not novel. However, analyses of utilitarian logics infiltrating welfare must be qualified by showing the intersections among heterogeneous concerns
Improving the mechanical properties of a sodium borosilicate glass through spinodal decomposition
Get PDFThe burden of endometriosis on quality of life in Danish blood donors
No full textBackground: Endometriosis is a complex condition with a wide range of comorbidities. It is widely underdiagnosed, with a diagnostic delay of 4 to 10 years, potentially leading to worsened disease progression and a higher burden of comorbidities affecting quality of life. Understanding the link between endometriosis and its comorbidities is essential for improving early detection of the disease.Methods: We analysed data from 953 women with a clinical diagnosis of endometriosis and 23,652 age-matched female controls enrolled in the Danish Blood Donor Study. Participants completed one to four questionnaires covering a wide range of potential comorbidities; genetic data were available for a subset of participants. First, we compared the potential comorbidities between women with endometriosis and controls. Next, we investigated whether a polygenic score (PGS) for endometriosis was associated with those comorbidities. Lastly, we investigated whether women with a high genetic burden of endometriosis (highest PGS decile) experienced similar comorbidities to those diagnosed with endometriosis.Results: Women with endometriosis experienced challenges in conception, gastrointestinal symptoms, disturbed sleep patterns, and slightly lower mental health scores, compared to age-matched controls. The endometriosis PGS showed to be a predictor for endometriosis (OR per unit PGS = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.32 – 1.55). Gastrointestinal symptoms were also associated with the endometriosis PGS, indicating shared genetic pathways. Women without a diagnosis of endometriosis but with a high genetic burden of endometriosis did not suffer from the same wide range of comorbidities as women diagnosed with endometriosis.Conclusions: Our findings highlight the complex genetic and clinical relationships between endometriosis and its comorbidities emphasizing the need for future research investigating potential endometriosis subtypes
Cross-cultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Danish version of the neurophysiology of pain questionnaire
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Despite advances in medicine and technology, pain remains a significant global burden. Improving pain education for undergraduate healthcare students is considered an important step toward enhancing pain management. The Neurophysiology of Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) is commonly used to assess pain knowledge in healthcare students, but its validity and reliability in this population remain uncertain. This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the NPQ for Danish-speaking healthcare students and evaluate its measurement properties in Danish physiotherapy, medicine, and odontology students.METHODS: The study was conducted in two phases: (1) translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the NPQ following international guidelines, and (2) a cross-sectional study to evaluate its validity and reliability in a sample of 224 Danish undergraduate healthcare students. Structural validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, while test-retest reliability was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Measurement error was analyzed using the standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC).RESULTS: Factor analysis revealed 11 factors, each with eigenvalues below 1, suggesting poor structural validity. Factor loadings were below the recommended threshold of 0.50, indicating weak item clustering. Internal consistency was low (Cronbach's alpha = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.27 to 0.47), and test-retest reliability was poor (ICC = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.66). Measurement error analysis showed an SEM of 1.94 (95% CI: 1.54 to 2.63) and an MDC of 5.38 (95% CI: 4.27 to 7.28). No floor or ceiling effects were observed.CONCLUSIONS: The Danish version of the NPQ demonstrated poor structural validity, internal consistency, and reliability in undergraduate healthcare students. These findings raise concerns about its suitability for assessing pain neurophysiology knowledge in this population. Alternative tools or modifications to the NPQ may be necessary to improve its measurement properties.</p
Certainty in Formalising SMT-LIB for Strings in Isabelle
No full textThe prevalence of string solvers in formal program analysis has led to an increasing demand for more effective and dependable solving techniques. However, solving the satisfiability problem of string constraints, which is a generally undecidable problem, requires a deep understanding of the structure of the constraints. To address this challenge, the community has relied on SMT solvers to tackle the quantifier-free first-order logic fragment of string constraints, usually stated in SMT-LIB format. In 2020, the SMT-LIB Initiative issued the first official standard for string constraints. However, SMT-LIB states the semantics in a semi-formal manner, lacking a level of formality that is desirable for validating SMT solvers. In response, we formalise the SMT-LIB theory of strings using Isabelle, an interactive theorem prover known for its ability to formalise and verify mathematical and logical theorems. We demonstrate the usefulness of having a formally defined theory by deriving, to the best of our knowledge, the first automated verified model verification method for SMT-LIB string constraints and highlight potential future applications.</p
Enabling extrapolation of Young's modulus of CaO-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-SiO<sub>2</sub> ternary glasses by topology-informed machine learning
Get PDFThe application of machine learning (ML) in material discovery, particularly in the design of novel materials like glasses, has shown considerable promise. However, the efficacy of data-driven ML approaches is often hindered by the limited volume and representativeness of material datasets. While these approaches demonstrate notable success in interpolating data, they tend to perform inadequately in extrapolation tasks, which are crucial in the context of material discovery. In this study, we address this challenge by incorporating topological knowledge, derived from the atomic structures of glasses, to inform ML models with physics-based insights. To showcase this approach, we focus on predicting Young's modulus of CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 glasses. By leveraging the topological information, i.e., the fractions of bond-stretching and bond-bending constraints, we transform a non-linear composition-property mapping to a higher-linearity topology-property mapping to improve the extrapolation abilities of ML models. Our results demonstrate that the topology-informed ML approach maintains comparable prediction accuracy within the training domain while significantly improving performance in extrapolating the Young's modulus of glasses beyond the training domain. Therefore, our topology-informed approach can offer a more efficient and expedited pathway towards the discovery of new glass materials in unexplored domains.</p
