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Latency-Aware Radio and Computational Resource Allocation for Industrial CF-mMIMO Networks
Get PDFAdvances in communication technologies, such as cell-free massive multi-input multiple-output architecture and edge computing, are expected to support diverse heterogeneous service requirements in industrial use cases. However, the diverse communication demands of Industry 4.0 use cases make it essential to efficiently manage both radio and computational resources. This paper introduces a novel approach that addresses these challenges through a two-step sequential optimization process. First, we propose a genetic algorithm-based radio resource allocation scheme from a scheduling perspective. A second sub-problem concerning computational resource allocation is also addressed sequentially. The numerical results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm significantly improves latency compliance and effectively reduces the percentage of packets that violate deadline constraints. Considering services with small packets and strict latency constraints, the proposed scheme achieves gains of 98.5 % and 99.5 % compared to the benchmarking schemes. Furthermore, the proposed solution has shown great adaptability to varying latency requirements and traffic with respect to state-of-the-art schemes
A Digital Twin-Based Condition Monitoring Method for a Three- Phase Inverter
No full textDigital twin technology has gained significant attention for its potential to enhance the design, operation, and maintenance of complex physical systems. In the context of power electronics, digital twins offer a promising approach for simulating and analyzing the behavior of power electronic converters used in various applications. This paper focuses on developing accurate digital twin models of three-phase inverters for parameter identification in operation stage. The digital twin model can closely replicate the behavior of the physical inverter under different operating conditions, and the estimated health-related parameter is meaningful in predictive maintenance. The effectiveness of this method has been verified through experimental results, which highlight the application prospectives of precise parameter estimation using digital twin methods for improving the reliability of power electronic converters
Artificial intelligence-based action recognition and skill assessment in robotic cardiac surgery simulation:a feasibility study
No full textTo create a deep neural network capable of recognizing basic surgical actions and categorizing surgeons based on their skills using video data only. Nineteen surgeons with varying levels of robotic experience performed three wet lab tasks on a porcine model: robotic-assisted atrial closure, mitral stitches, and dissection of the thoracic artery. We used temporal labeling to mark two surgical actions: suturing and dissection. Each complete recording was annotated as either "novice" or "expert" based on the operator's experience. The network architecture combined a Convolutional Neural Network for extracting spatial features with a Long Short-Term Memory layer to incorporate temporal information. A total of 435 recordings were analyzed. The fivefold cross-validation yielded a mean accuracy of 98% for the action recognition (AR) and 79% for the skill assessment (SA) network. The AR model achieved an accuracy of 93%, with average recall, precision, and F1-score all at 93%. The SA network had an accuracy of 56% and a predictive certainty of 95%. Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping revealed that the algorithm focused on the needle, suture, and instrument tips during suturing, and on the tissue during dissection. AR network demonstrated high accuracy and predictive certainty, even with a limited dataset. The SA network requires more data to become a valuable tool for performance evaluation. When combined, these deep learning models can serve as a foundation for AI-based automated post-procedural assessments in robotic cardiac surgery simulation. ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05043064).</p
A conversation with Volker Mehrmann
No full textVolker Mehrmann is a complete mathematician excelling in all areas: research, teaching, knowledge transfer, and management. He is a specialist in numerical linear algebra, algebraic-differential equations, and control theory, and he enjoys conducting research motivated by real-world problems and developing fundamental mathematics that has a significant impact on science and technology. With a striking personality, Mehrmann leaves a remarkable legacy as former president of GAMM (International Association for Applied Mathematics and Mechanics), MATHEON (Mathematical Research Center for Key Technologies), ECMath (Einstein Center for Mathematics in Berlin), and EMS (European Mathematical Society). He is attentive to how mathematics is communicated to fellow mathematicians and to the general public, and he takes care of the working environment of his students.The three of us (Sílvia Barbeiro, Ana Isabel Mendes and Martin Raussen) held a videoconference meeting with Volker Mehrmann last October. We listened eagerly to his answers to all our questions. At the end, we discovered his secret: mathematics brings happiness
Investigations on Dynamic Operation Aspects of Alkaline Electrolysis and Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolysis
No full textLow carbon liquid fuels are needed for hard-to-abate sectors of the economy, such as transportation. Low-carbon hydrogen is often one of the main ingredients for making such fuels, for example through Power-to-X processes or H2-enhanced gasification to fuel processes. In this work, we investigate the dynamic operation aspects of both Alkaline Electrolysis (AEL) and Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolysis for hydrogen production. Understanding the dynamic behaviors of these electrolysers are needed for their flexible operation and renewable power integration. Through detailed steady state modeling and simulations in Aspen Plus and dynamic simulations in Aspen Plus Dynamics, we analyze the transient characteristics of AEL and PEM electrolysis, focusing on important aspects such as response times, efficiency variations, and key performance metrics under fluctuating operating conditions. This work highlights key aspects in dynamic operation of AEL and PEM electrolysis
Representations of adult attachment and shame in parents of children on the autism spectrum
Get PDFSocial communication disabilities in children on the autism spectrum challenge parenting. This is the first study to examine mental representations of adult attachment and shame in parents of children on the autism spectrum. Thirty-seven parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (mean age 5.17 years) from middle to high-income households participated in the study. The Adult Attachment Projective Picture System was used to evaluate adult attachment patterns and representations as well as shame outcomes. All but three parents were classified as having insecure adult attachments. Almost half of the participants (45.9%) were classified as having unresolved attachments. All parents showed representations of a shamed self. Deep shame associated with attachment trauma was more common than normative shame. The sample was divided into regulated (secure, dismissing, and preoccupied combined) versus unresolved individuals. There were no significant group differences regarding shame or shame outcomes. The discussion addresses how the high frequency of insecure attachment representations and shame may affect parenting. This prevalence suggests that clinicians support families with children on the autism spectrum and introduce the topic of shame.</p
Perioperative GLP1-RA management and risk of aspiration in patients with diabetes undergoing fast-track hip and knee arthroplasty
Get PDFINTRODUCTION. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) are increasingly used to manage type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Recently, concerns have been raised regarding perioperative GLP1-RA management due to delayed gastric emptying and the potential risk of pulmonary aspiration. However, since no prospective data are available on surgical patients, we aimed to investigate the risk of perioperative pulmonary aspiration in patients with T2D treated with a GLP1-RA undergoing fast-track hip and knee arthroplasty. METHODS. This was a prospective observational study within a multicentre fast-track hip and knee replacement collaboration in patients with T2D with receiving GLP-1 RA. Detailed data were collected from 1 October 2022 to 1 April 2024, including perioperative GLP1-RA management, type of anaesthesia, complications and postoperative length of stay (LOS). RESULTS. Among 426 patients with T2D, 19% had spinal anaesthesia without sedation, 53% had spinal anaesthesia with propofol sedation, and 26% had general anaesthesia. Data on perioperative management of GLP1-RAs were available in 93% of all patients, of whom 92% had continued their usual GLP1-RA regimen perioperatively, and the median LOS was one (IQR: 1-1) day. There were no cases with perioperative aspiration (0%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0-0.9%) or LOS > 2 days (7%; 95% CI: 5-9%) potentially related to GLP1-RA-associated delayed gastric emptying. CONCLUSION. Our results support reconsidering the arguments for prolonged withholding of GLP1-RA treatment before surgery and suggest that it may be safe to continue GLP1-RA treatment up to the day of surgery in these patients.</p
Practical Guidelines for the Treatment of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease:Collaboration of the European Organisation for the Treatment of Trophoblastic Disease (EOTTD)-European Society of Gynaecologic Oncology (ESGO)-Gynecologic Cancer InterGroup (GCIG)-International Society for the Study of Trophoblastic Diseases (ISSTD)
No full textGestational trophoblastic diseases (GTDs) are a group of pregnancy-related premalignant and malignant diseases with generally a favorable prognosis when treated adequately. Many different treatment protocols exist worldwide. To our knowledge, this is the first set of global consensus-based guidelines for GTD. Four international organizations (European Organisation for the Treatment of Trophoblastic Diseases, European Society of Gynecologic Oncology, Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup, and International Society for the Study of Trophoblastic Diseases) delegated 53 expert GTD clinicians from 31 countries who formulated nine consensus-based definitions and the minimum criteria required to be a GTD center. Furthermore, 18 flow diagrams were developed to diagnose, treat, and follow up all forms of primary or recurrent GTD. The definitions and flow diagrams were drafted and adapted in consecutive (online) meetings until consensus was reached followed by an external review process. Here, the final guidelines are presented together with the available supporting evidence from the literature.</p
Enhancing Diabetes Management in Remote Regions:Insulin Pump Adaption and Safety in the Faroe Islands
No full textBackground/Objective: Insulin pump therapy (IPT) is increasingly used in the management of type 1 diabetes, including in remote areas such as the Faroe Islands, where access to diabetes technology is universally reimbursed. However, evidence on its effectiveness in such settings remains limited. This study compared glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), complications, and renal outcomes between users of IPT and multiple daily injections (MDI). Case Report: We conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional, registry-based study in the Faroe Islands, linking electronic medical records, prescription data, and laboratory results. Discussion: Continuous glucose monitoring was used by 92% of participants, and IPT by 50%, primarily hybrid closed-loop systems. Despite higher IPT use among younger individuals, longer diabetes duration was also associated with increased IPT use, suggesting it is often initiated in those with established T1D following challenges with MDI. HbA1c levels did not differ significantly between groups, but severely increased albuminuria was more common in MDI users, while IPT users had better-preserved renal function. Overall, 42% of participants achieved an HbA1c below 53 mmol/mol (7%). Conclusion: In this setting with broad access to diabetes technology, both IPT and MDI supported effective glycemic control, with possible renal benefits observed among insulin pump therapy users.</p