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Violence, Terror and Submission: Reflections on Crusading in the Baltic in the 13th Century
No full textScandinavian design. The continuous closet and queer refugees in Denmark
Get PDFThis article explores how queer refugees’ navigation of ‘the closet’, centre of the coming out metaphor, is subverting its Scandinavian Design. While many queer people in Denmark conceptualize coming out of the closet as a desirable process, allowing queer subjects to become who they truly are, this understanding is challenged by the experiences of queer refugees who are strategically (not) coming out of the closet in different spaces and at different times. Through interviews with queer refugees and volunteers of a support group in Copenhagen, the article shows how these individuals negotiate the continuous closet – (re)appearing in different spaces and at different times. In being cautious about where to come out (on dating apps, in support groups, at home), to whom (friends, family, potential lovers) and at what time(s), queer refugees balance the refugee regimes’ expectations of normative LGBT(IQ)+ identities with their own complex lived realities
Interethnic Union Formation among 1.5- and Second-generation Immigrants:The Role of Cultural Proximity
Get PDFWe examine 1.5- and second-generation immigrants’ union formation patterns in Denmark and how they relate to the cultural proximity between their countries of origin and Denmark as indicated by religion, values, and language. Drawing on administrative register data on 71,122 1.5- and second-generation immigrants from 120 different countries of origin, we use multilevel discrete-time event history analysis to examine the nexus between cultural proximity and union formation patterns. These models rigorously control for time-varying individual factors and changes in opportunity structures in local partner markets. Our results suggest that religion strongly relates to the 1.5- and second-generation immigrants’ union formation patterns. At the same time, this is not the case for the other cultural factors when we account for religion. Specifically, our results suggest that 1.5- and second-generation immigrants from non-Christian and especially from Muslim countries are less likely to form interethnic unions with natives and more likely to form intraethnic unions with same-country immigrants than their Protestant-background counterparts. Moreover, these patterns are most pronounced for women. Overall, we conclude that religion remains a strong predictor of interethnic union formation with natives among 1.5- and second-generation immigrants in Denmark and discuss the implications of this finding.</p
Fault-Tolerant H∞ Control for Topside Separation Systems via Output-Feedback Reinforcement Learning
No full textThe topside separation system is an important device installed on offshore oil exploration platforms for the treatment of produced water. Due to its operation in high-moisture and salt-infested environments, the system is susceptible to valve malfunctions. Additionally, the presence of strong couplings and slugging disturbances in the system further complicate the development of fault-tolerant control (FTC). To achieve this, this article investigates the fault-tolerant H∞ control problem in the topside separation system. To recover control performance against actuator faults while reducing disturbance sensitivity, the fault-tolerant H∞ control problem is formulated for the topside separation system and is expressed as a two-player differential game problem. A Nash equilibrium solution to the fault-tolerant H∞ control problem is derived by solving the game algebraic Riccati equation (GARE). Considering the tailor-made property and difficulty in full-state sensing in industry, an output feedback reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm is proposed to implement the fault-tolerant H∞ control method without the need for system dynamics. Simulation studies are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.</p
The mistreatment of time in planning theory:Towards planning beyond the clock in a world increasingly out-of-sync
No full textHow do we (re-)imagine planning in a world which is increasingly out-of-sync? This is an important question because as a field of knowledge, policy, and practice that regards time as absolute, linear, and tameable, planning has yet to seriously engage with contemporary social science debates conceiving time as not only relative, diverse, and variegated. Our provocation in this chapter is to argue that planning mistreats, and has a problem, with time. Drawing on ‘critical time studies’, we engage with nascent scholarship on time and temporalities in and of planning to argue for a new approach of ‘planning without the clock’. Assessing the degree of leverage of critical time approaches to theorising planning we then reflect on the prospective role of planning and planners in a world ‘out-of-sync’. In conclusion, we call for greater engagement with developing ‘temporal’ tools, methods, and vocabularies to enable planners to place time front and centre of planning deliberation
Transformer Volume Reduction: A New Analysis and Design of an SSSA Control Based 20kW High Power Density Wide Range Resonant Converter
Get PDFIsolated DC/DC converters play a pivotal rolein the realm of power electronics, particularly in the contextof electric vehicle (EV) fast charging. These converters areresponsible for delivering high-voltage direct current toEVs, sourced from a 3-phase power factor correction (PFC)converter, and exhibit compatibility with both low-voltageand high-voltage vehicle batteries. However, in manyinstances, the demand for constant power charging invarious applications results in a significant portion of thetransformer volume, thereby leading to a decrease inconverter power density. This paper presents a newanalysis and design for a converter based on secondaryside semi-active (SSSA) control. This analysis providestheoretical support for transformer volume reduction andpower density increase. It employs SSSA control totransfer stored energy from the transformer to the resonantnetwork during boost operation, even when fs > fr, with theexcitation inductance participating in resonance. Based onthis analysis, the design of a 20kW 650-850V input to300-900V with 66.7A max output prototype is discussed.The objective is to achieve the highest feasible converterpower density. The designed results confirm that the2*PQ6535 (or 1*PQ6549) core can effectively serve the20kW transformer, resulting in an ultra-high power densityof 14.36 kW/L (235 W/in3)
Revisiting the Modeling Approaches of Broadband Dielectric Behavior for Insulation Systems Supporting Multi-Frequency Industrial Applications
No full textManufacturing Innovation for Industry 4.0::An Innovation Capability Perspective
Get PDFPurpose: The number of small and medium-sized manufacturing companies that have successfully embraced the digital transformation envisioned by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) remains low. This paper argues that one reason is the significant innovation required in manufacturing systems to undergo such a transformation. This innovation demands capabilities vastly different from those traditionally employed for continuous improvements in manufacturing systems. The conventional development of manufacturing systems emphasizes resilience, robustness, and efficiency, typically thriving in stable and predictable conditions. However, developing a manufacturing system under highly complex and unpredictable circumstances requires new capabilities. We term this “manufacturing innovation”. At this stage, learning from successful cases is a valuable step towards unifying scattered evidence and developing coherent knowledge of how SMEs successfully do manufacturing innovation in the context of Industry 4.0. Design/methodology/approach: We conducted a multiple case study involving seven small and medium-sized Danish manufacturing companies to investigate successful manufacturing innovation in the context of Industry 4.0. Cross-case analysis identified four critical propositions regarding the capabilities contributing positively to manufacturing innovation. Findings: The research findings highlight various capabilities for successful manufacturing innovation in the context of Industry 4.0. They suggest that such significant digital transformation of manufacturing systems begins with radical innovations in enabling processes rather than core processes. A flexible approach facilitates it, often operationalized through iterative methods. Moreover, the accumulation of knowledge from previous manufacturing innovation initiatives forms a foundational basis for strategically approaching Industry 4.0, suggesting that experience in manufacturing development generally enhances the capacity to adopt Industry 4.0 technologies effectively. Research limitations/implications: The results underscore the need for viewing digital transformation towards Industry 4.0 as a manufacturing innovation process, which relies on significantly different organizational capabilities than those supporting continuous manufacturing development. This insight has two implications for research in this domain; (1) Innovation process models must be developed to support radical systemic innovation, gradual learning and agile processes in manufacturing, and (2) Industry 4. 0 technologies enable new potential, but the actualization of this potential is dependent on organizational competences. Practical implications: The findings also offer several practical implications. Identifying patterns of best practices provides much-needed inspiration and insight into how manufacturing innovation for Industry 4.0 may be approached. While we agree with studies showing that competencies are one of the biggest challenges for companies to get started, our results also suggest that by using a flexible approach, companies can build competencies gradually and as needed, which can yield the right results over time. Furthermore, the findings suggest that a specific starting point for manufacturing companies may be enabling processes rather than core processes. This new understanding of the types of solutions companies manage to progress with may suggest that the technologies here are more mature or that there is greater motivation to get started. This implication is supported by the result that a long-term strategy is needed, but that it must be operationalized into smaller solutions to avoid biting off more than they can chew initially. While other researchers have also pointed this out, we provide a deeper understanding of why it is necessary and how it can be operationalized. Originality/value: The article is one of the first to make a qualitative study on multiple cases to understand how manufacturing companies successfully introduced manufacturing innovation for Industry 4.0.</p