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Opportunities and barriers for politicians’ interaction with citizens on social media in the 2020s:An updated framework for future research
No full textSocial media has provided politicians new opportunities to engage in a continuous dialogue with citizens. While politicians did not take advantage of this potential in their early social media usage, scholars have suggested that politicians utilize social media more for interactions with citizens in the 2020s. Against this backdrop, the aim of the current study is to update the existing knowledge on the opportunities and barriers politicians experience for interacting with citizens on social media in a time, when knowledge and skills to use social media have been built up within the political system. Based on an interview study among Danish parliamentary members in 2021 (n = 18), a most-likely case of online interactions, we find that politicians utilize the platforms for indirect forms of interactions but only to a limited extent engage in direct conversations on social media due to limited resources and experiences of online incivility. However, the study also identifies some opportunities for direct interactions. Most significantly, politicians were more willing to interact on platforms with less online incivility. Furthermore, the interviews revealed that social media acts as a facilitator of politicians' offline interactions with citizens rather than the place, where the interactions take place. The findings have implications for how scholars ought to study politicians' online interaction behaviors.</p
Prescribed burning of heathland vegetation increases seed germinability and seedling emergence of introduced Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) in Northern Europe
No full textPrescribed burning is a management technique to maintain coastal heathlands in Northwestern Europe. Fire rejuvenates characteristic plant species but may also stimulate regeneration of undesired plant species. In Denmark, Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) is an alien species spreading rapidly in vulnerable heathlands. The role of high temperatures in stimulating seed germination in Mediterranean-climate Fabaceae plants is well-known, however the germination response of Northern European C. scoparius to fire remains largely unknown. The effect of prescribed burning on regeneration of Scotch broom in Danish heathlands was assessed by (i) comparing germination responses of C. scoparius seeds collected in a burned and an unburned heathland area, (ii) evaluating regeneration from seeds and vegetative reproduction under natural conditions, and (iii) treating fresh seeds at different high temperatures to investigate the importance of fire intensity on seed survival and germination. Prescribed burning increased the germination percent and speed of germination of C. scoparius and caused a significantly higher Scotch broom seedling abundance in the field 1.5 years following the fire. Increased germination of seeds from the burned area was likely caused by high temperatures, as heat treatments at 65–95 °C stimulated seed germination. At 95 °C and 110 °C the proportion of dead seeds increased significantly, indicating the upper thermal tolerance limit of the seeds. In conclusion, application of prescribed burning with low fire severity aids generative reproduction of C. scoparius in North European heathlands, whereas fires with higher severities can provide invasion control if temperatures exceed the threshold for seed survival
Probabilities of finding trace profile donors and their paternal relatives in Y-STR reference databases
No full textForensic investigative genetic genealogy using Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) DNA profiles can give investigative leads in criminal cases by searching for the Y-STR trace profile or similar but not identical Y-STR profiles in relevant Y-STR databases. We conducted a simulation study with YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23 Y-STR profiles to estimate the probabilities of finding matches and near-matches in Y-STR databases. The success rate of finding the trace profile donors or their close relatives was quantified. We used the malan R software package to simulate the populations based on the Wright-Fisher model with the YHRD Y-STR mutation rates where uncertainties were incorporated in a Bayesian manner, a variance in reproductive success of 0.2, and a constant size for 100 generations followed by a 2% growth for 150 generations. Y-STR databases were generated by randomly drawing Y-STR profiles from a YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23 Y-STR population data set, respectively. In a population of 500,066 individuals, a database size of 0.5% of the population resulted in a Y-STR database match probability of ca. 6% and 10% for YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23, respectively. Increasing the database size to 5% of the population resulted in a Y-STR match probability of ca. 41% and 54% for YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23, respectively. When a Y-STR match was found in the database, the probability of one of the individuals with the matching profiles being related within five meioses to the trace donor was ca. 64% and 56% for YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23, respectively, including the cases where the Y-STR profile originated from the donor. In this case, the closest relative in the database was found among the matching individuals with a probability of ca. 91%.</p
Sharp iteration asymptotics for transfer operators induced by greedy β-expansions
No full textWe consider base-β expansions of Parry's type, where a0≥a1≥1 are integers and a0<β<a0+1 is the positive solution to β2=a0β+a1 (the golden ratio corresponds to a0=a1=1). The map x↦βx−⌊βx⌋ induces a discrete dynamical system on the interval [0,1) and we study its associated transfer (Perron–Frobenius) operator P. Our main result can be roughly summarized as follows: we explicitly construct two piecewise affine functions u and v with Pu=u and Pv=β−1v such that for every sufficiently smooth F which is supported in [0,1] and satisfies ∫01Fdx=1, we have PkF=u+β−k(F(1)−F(0))v+o(β−k) in L∞. This is also compared with the case of integer bases, where more refined asymptotic formulas are possible.</p
Detecting Climate Delay Discourses in Danish Parliamentary Speeches: A Large Language Model Approach
Get PDFAs scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change has solidified, plain denial in political debate has largely given way to more subtle forms of rhetorical resistance. These so-called climate delay discourses acknowledge the problem yet justify inaction, posing a growing challenge to effective climate communication and policymaking. This study operationalises Lamb et al.’s (2020) typology of climate delay discourses to examine 25 years (1998–2022) of Danish parliamentary speeches. Using a keyword-based retrieval method, we identified approximately 34,000 climate change-related speech segments and applied large language models (LLMs) to classify them according to delay discourse categories. We compared zero-shot and few-shot prompting strategies, including variations with chain-of-thought reasoning, to evaluate LLM performance on complex rhetorical classification tasks. Few-shot prompting delivered promising results with respect to both recall and accuracy, while chain-of-thought reasoning provided limited benefits and, in some cases, harmed performance. Temporal and partisan analyses reveal that delay discourses have been consistently present in Danish political debate, with a marked increase in recent years. The most prevalent discourse, all talk, little action, reflects the gap between ambitious climate targets and policy implementation, particularly among governing parties. While right-leaning parties often shift responsibility away from Denmark, left-leaning and green parties more frequently invoke appeals to social justice. Our findings demonstrate both the promise and the limitations of LLMs for large-scale political discourse analysis and provide evidence for climate delay discourses being a routine part of Danish parliamentary debates
Adaptive Fuzzy Logic-Based Coordinated Tuning of Distributed Virtual Synchronous Generators Parameters for Frequency Oscillation Suppression in Islanded Microgrids
No full textIn islanded microgrids with multiple Virtual Synchronous Generators, challenges such as frequency oscillations, power fluctuations, and dynamic instability become particularly pronounced during transient conditions. This paper proposes a novel and adaptive fuzzy logic-based control method for the simultaneous tuning of inertia and damping coefficients in multi-VSG systems operating in islanded mode. The innovation of the proposed method lies in the concurrent utilization of local frequency and the Center of Inertia frequency to enable intelligent decision-making for dynamic control. By analyzing the instantaneous frequency deviation and its rate of change, the optimal values of the control coefficients are adaptively determined to effectively suppress frequency oscillations. Comprehensive simulations demonstrate that the proposed approach, which coordinates adaptive inertia and damping parameters simultaneously through a fuzzy logic framework, achieves faster damping of frequency oscillations and enhanced dynamic stability compared with recent feedforward, feedback, and reactive-power-based damping methods reported in the literature.<br/
European regions transitioning to green markets: the role of related capabilities and public procurement policies
No full textThe sustainability transition remains high on the European policy agenda, with an emerging understanding that focusing on green technologies is not enough to achieve disruptive sustainability. An overall green transformation of current systems of production and consumption also requires market formation processes whereby green markets become viable economic opportunities for regions to specialize in. In this study, we draw on insights from evolutionary economic geography and geography of transitions to understand how regions develop green market specializations. To do so, we investigate two key sets of factors. First, we consider the evolutionary capability development process whereby new specializations emerge from existing related regional capabilities, in a path-dependent way. Second, we account for green public procurement initiatives to capture path-creation efforts in the form of deliberate regional policy directed towards green market formation. Our empirical analysis focuses on European regions in the period 2000–2020. We employ original trademark-based metrics to capture regional specializations in green markets and combine them with patent data to construct relatedness linkages between technologies and markets. Our results reveal that only a few regions were able to develop specializations in green markets. We find that both prior capabilities in related technological domains and markets were positively associated with the emergence of these regional specializations. In addition, we also find that green public procurement was positively associated with the emergence of regional green market specializations. Our findings bear relevance for policy and research alike.</p
Dansk handicapsociologi og det oversete syn – teoretiske potentialer og empiriske muligheder
No full textDenne artikel tager udgangspunkt i iagttagelsen af en hidtil forholdsvis begrænset interesse inden for dansk sociologi for handicapforskning og i særdeleshed for studiet af synshandicap. Dette er interessant, ikke mindst set i lyset af udbredelsen og omfanget af forskellige former for handicap i befolkningen, herunder synshandicap, men også fordi studiet af handicap kan anses som en oplagt adgangsportal i forhold til forståelsen af mange andre sociologiske kerneområder. I artiklen gennemgås først et argument for betydningen af studiet af handicap og oplevelsen af synstab. I forlængelse heraf præsenteres kort forskellige traditioner og modeller inden for handicapforskningen, hvorefter vi vender os mod en række sociologiske perspektiver og deres anvendelighed i forhold til studiet og forståelsen af handicap/synshandicap. Artiklens argument for betydningen af et fokus på handicap og synshandicap eksemplificeres af et nyligt kvalitativt studie af senblindes oplevelser på arbejdsmarkedet og de udfordringer, der både på det individuelle og strukturelle plan er forbundet hermed. Artiklen ønsker at skabe et indledende afsæt for både teoretisk og empirisk at interessere sig for studiet af handicap generelt og synshandicap mere specifikt inden for en dansk sociologisk kontekst