240106 research outputs found
Sort by
Probabilities of finding trace profile donors and their paternal relatives in Y-STR reference databases
No full textForensic investigative genetic genealogy using Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) DNA profiles can give investigative leads in criminal cases by searching for the Y-STR trace profile or similar but not identical Y-STR profiles in relevant Y-STR databases. We conducted a simulation study with YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23 Y-STR profiles to estimate the probabilities of finding matches and near-matches in Y-STR databases. The success rate of finding the trace profile donors or their close relatives was quantified. We used the malan R software package to simulate the populations based on the Wright-Fisher model with the YHRD Y-STR mutation rates where uncertainties were incorporated in a Bayesian manner, a variance in reproductive success of 0.2, and a constant size for 100 generations followed by a 2% growth for 150 generations. Y-STR databases were generated by randomly drawing Y-STR profiles from a YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23 Y-STR population data set, respectively. In a population of 500,066 individuals, a database size of 0.5% of the population resulted in a Y-STR database match probability of ca. 6% and 10% for YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23, respectively. Increasing the database size to 5% of the population resulted in a Y-STR match probability of ca. 41% and 54% for YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23, respectively. When a Y-STR match was found in the database, the probability of one of the individuals with the matching profiles being related within five meioses to the trace donor was ca. 64% and 56% for YfilerTM Plus and PowerPlex® Y23, respectively, including the cases where the Y-STR profile originated from the donor. In this case, the closest relative in the database was found among the matching individuals with a probability of ca. 91%.</p
Bayesian averaging-enabled transfer learning method for probabilistic wind power forecasting of newly built wind farms
No full textThis paper proposes a technique for the probabilistic wind power forecasting (WPF) of a newly built wind farm (NWF) using a limited amount of historical data. First, the state-of-the-art Transformer network is employed to capture the power generation pattern of different wind farms (WFs) based on abundant historical training samples. Then, the Bayesian averaging regression method is applied to transfer the learned power generation pattern to the NWF by assigning proper weights to the WPF results of different WFs. This enables the proposed method to yield accurate NWF power predictions utilizing a limited amount of historical data. The Bayesian characteristics further enable the quantification of multiple uncertainties in forecasting results that may be essential for the NWF operator when the input is uncertain. Comprehensive tests were also performed by employing other deterministic and probabilistic WPF methods using field data. By comparing the results, the proposed method is demonstrated to produce accurate forecasting results with sparse historical data. Moreover, the uncertainties of outcomes are quantified, and acceptable performance is achieved
Læringscirkler i teori og praksis::Samskabende organisationsudvikling og læring i arbejdslivet
No full textInfluencers of the Far-Right::Gendered Narratives in the Conspiracy Discourse of Thaïs d’Escufon and Lana Lokteff
No full textThe dynamics of selective environmental disclosure:Earnings pressure and environmental committee
No full textIn an era where environmental information holds growing importance for stakeholders, the phenomenon of selective environmental disclosure remains underexplored in literature. This study centers on this phenomenon and posits that it serves as a catalyst for environmental irresponsibility. Drawing on stakeholder-agency theory, we examine how earnings pressure, measured as the discrepancy between analyst forecast consensus and actual performance, influences a firm’s propensity for selective environmental disclosure. We further investigate the moderating role of environmental committees and their characteristics in shaping the relationship between earnings pressure and selective environmental disclosure. Using data from 1,321 U.S. publicly listed firms from 2005 to 2021, our analysis reveals that earnings pressure significantly increases managers’ engagement in selective environmental disclosure; and the presences of an environmental committee and a CEO serving on that committee amplify this effect. Our findings contribute to the discourse on sustainable operations and offer insights for managerial practices and policy formulation.</p
Performing citizenship through digital media:Exploring online harassment of feminist academics
No full textDetecting Climate Delay Discourses in Danish Parliamentary Speeches: A Large Language Model Approach
Full text linkAs scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change has solidified, plain denial in political debate has largely given way to more subtle forms of rhetorical resistance. These so-called climate delay discourses acknowledge the problem yet justify inaction, posing a growing challenge to effective climate communication and policymaking. This study operationalises Lamb et al.’s (2020) typology of climate delay discourses to examine 25 years (1998–2022) of Danish parliamentary speeches. Using a keyword-based retrieval method, we identified approximately 34,000 climate change-related speech segments and applied large language models (LLMs) to classify them according to delay discourse categories. We compared zero-shot and few-shot prompting strategies, including variations with chain-of-thought reasoning, to evaluate LLM performance on complex rhetorical classification tasks. Few-shot prompting delivered promising results with respect to both recall and accuracy, while chain-of-thought reasoning provided limited benefits and, in some cases, harmed performance. Temporal and partisan analyses reveal that delay discourses have been consistently present in Danish political debate, with a marked increase in recent years. The most prevalent discourse, all talk, little action, reflects the gap between ambitious climate targets and policy implementation, particularly among governing parties. While right-leaning parties often shift responsibility away from Denmark, left-leaning and green parties more frequently invoke appeals to social justice. Our findings demonstrate both the promise and the limitations of LLMs for large-scale political discourse analysis and provide evidence for climate delay discourses being a routine part of Danish parliamentary debates
Education and Democratic Learning in Refugee Camps:German Refugees in Denmark After World War II
No full textTowards stable metal organic-inorganic complex glasses
No full textMetal organic-inorganic complex (MOIC) glasses have emerged as a new family of hybrid glasses. However, the low thermal stability of MOIC glasses fabricated via crystallization suppression constrains their practical applicability under ambient conditions. Here, we report a novel approach for preparing the MOIC glasses that combines slow-solvent removal with subsequent quenching to avoid gel thermal decomposition and enhance the thermal stability of the obtained glass. Specifically, the new approach utilizes an aprotic solvent (acetone) to kinetically prevent the ordering of the metal-ligand complex molecules in solution, thereby suppressing crystallization and forming a gel. The subsequent gradual drying process leads to the removal of the solvent to enhance the connections between molecules through hydrogen bonds, thus causing the formation of a hydrogen-bonded network. The increased network connectivity lowers the mobility of the molecules, thereby enhancing the thermal stability of the system. A disordered network of dried gel is frozen-in via cooling from 130 °C to room temperature, and hence, MOIC glass forms. Structural analyses reveal that hydrogen bonds are responsible for connecting the tetrahedral units. The as-prepared MOIC glass exhibits an increase in glass transition temperature (Tg) during rapid room-temperature relaxation, enhanced CO2 uptake, and a red shift in photoluminescence. This work not only presents a novel strategy for fabricating large-sized, stable, functional MOIC glasses but also uncovers the critical role of hydrogen bonds in MOIC glass formation