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Mitigating emissions:energy balancing in eco-industrial zones considering renewable energy and electric vehicle uncertainties
No full textNowadays, the industrial sector stands as the major energy consumer globally, simultaneously holding a pivotal role as a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, energy system planning and management in these systems are under heightened scrutiny due to concerns over energy, economic, and environmental challenges. This study aims to develop a comprehensive optimal model that integrates renewable potential assessment and utilizes particle swarm optimization for accurate and cost-effective planning and operation of the energy system within an industrial zone. The research proposes a novel strategy for planning and operating industrial energy hubs, offering a robust and adaptable framework tailored to industrial zones. By integrating uncertain renewable energy sources and EVs, the framework effectively manages variability and uncertainty. It holistically connects electricity, heating, cooling, and transportation sectors, enabling cross-sectoral flexibility and enhancing system adaptability. The study compares four scenarios: BAU, BAU CO2-Aware, CO2-Blind, and CO2-Aware, evaluating their impact on energy costs, investment, operational cost, and environmental benefits. The results show that the CO2-Aware and CO2-Blind scenarios reduce overall costs by approximately 15% and 10%, respectively, compared to the BAU. Additionally, the CO2-Aware scenario achieves a 32% reduction in CO2 emissions. Despite higher investment and operational costs, these alternative energy systems provide substantial economic and environmental advantages. Additionally, the implementation of this smart energy system within the industrial zone has addressed certain energy challenges in the studied region, such as mitigating electricity shortages during summer and alleviating natural gas shortages in winter
Metal–Organic Crystallized Glasses:Microstructure Formation and Their Properties
No full textPartial crystallization within a glass matrix to form microcrystalline domains offers a pathway to glass-ceramic materials with properties distinct from those of both the parent glass and crystalline phases. This concept has been limited to inorganic glasses. Here, we introduce metal–organic crystallized glasses (MOCGs), prepared by controlling the crystallization process within metal–organic framework (MOF) glasses, and explore their properties. By adjusting the annealing temperature and duration above the glass transition temperature (Tg), we control the crystallinity and crystallite size in 2D Cd(H2PO4)2(1,2,4-triazole)2-based MOCGs, enabling modulation of their micromechanical properties, dielectric constants, and proton conductivities. The MOCG with a 15% relative crystallinity exhibits a dielectric constant of 3.3 × 102 at 100 kHz, an order of magnitude higher than that of both the parent glass and crystalline phases across 30–100 °C. We further extend this concept to a mixed-metal MOF glass system, where solid solutions occur through the incorporation of Cd2+ and Mn2+ ions from the amorphous matrix into crystallizing lattices upon annealing
Grid code requirements for the integration of renewable energy sources in Indonesia—a review
No full textThe large-scale integration of renewable energy sources into electric grids proposes significant challenges for any power grid management and planning. To address these challenges, system operators have developed GCs so that the grid operates safely, reliably, and economically. These codes establish technical, operational, and procedural standards for the connection and operation of renewable energy systems to the utility grid. This article investigates the current state of GCs in Indonesia as a case study, highlighting the growing need for updated and robust regulations to allocate renewable energy integration. The article focuses on the integration requirements for microgrid technologies, which are vital for decentralized energy systems and the proliferation of renewable resources, especially in remote and off-grid areas, especially Indonesia, and targets Indonesia to adopt renewable energy. Insights from Denmark’s advanced energy framework are utilized to propose recommendations for enhancing Indonesia’s GCs. A comparative analysis between the standard of IEEE 1547-2003 and IEEE 1547-2018 to compliance in terms of voltage regulation, fault ride-through capabilities, and Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) interoperability is carried out
Can Real-Time Prehospital Medical Record Data Presented on A Screen Enhance Team Readiness in the Emergency Department?:A Pilot Study
No full textBackground Emergency Medical Services (EMS) continuously document treatment and patient condition information in the electronic prehospital medical record (ePMR) during care. Only selected information is communicated via telephone to the emergency department (ED) and the waiting ED team, potentially leading to loss of valuable information. Objectives To pilot-test whether implementing real-time, screen-based access to prehospital medical records before patient arrival enhances the ED team’s readiness. Methods Pilot study of implementing wall-mounted screens connected to the ePMR system in the ED trauma rooms in the North Denmark Regional Hospital. Three months before and four months after implementation, we measured the overall self-reported readiness of the ED team by questionnaires. The readiness rating was based on a visual analogue scale (VAS 0–15) and three sub-questions. Results We included 393 questionnaires (traumas N = 199, medical emergencies N = 194) corresponding to capture of 46% (141/307) of all events. For all questionnaires combined, overall readiness increased from a median of 7.1 (IQR 6.5–12.9) to 12.8 (IQR 9.7–14), p < 0.001. Stratified by event type, results persisted. Trauma: 7.1 (6.8–12.7) to 13.4 (9–14), p < 0.001; medical emergency: 7.1 (5.7–12.9) to 12.2 (9.7–13.9), p < 0.001. Conclusions Measured by questionnaires, we found that easy access to real-time EMS patient data, visualized on a screen in the trauma room before receiving patients with traumas or medical emergencies, significantly increases the overall self-reported readiness of the ED team members. Trial registration None.</p
Offering semen cryopreservation to transgender persons birth-assigned male:qualitative interviews on motivation and attitudes
Full text linkResearch question: What are the considerations and opinions of individuals assigned male at birth (AMAB) when offered fertility preservation in Denmark, where the preservation of gametes is reimbursed? Design: Qualitative study (n = 10); participants were AMAB individuals undergoing or initiating feminizing gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) and recruited from a large Centre for Gender Identity in Denmark and through Danish Facebook groups. The participants underwent semi-structured online interviews supported by an interview guide based on a rigorous information retrieval from published research. The interviews were transcribed and thematic analysis conducted. Results: A number of themes emerged from the data, which highlighted important factors influencing the participants’ fertility preservation decision-making. These included discomfort with the thoughts of delivering male genetic material; infertility being the price to pay; and difficulty imagining the future owing to mental unclarity and gender discomfort in general. The participants generally expressed a parental desire, but not exclusively for biological children. Postponing hormonal treatment and financial considerations about fertility preservation were stated as hypothetical barriers, as those were irrelevant to the Danish participants. Conclusion: The findings emphasized the need for comprehensive fertility preservation counselling before GAHT. The themes were comparable to findings in previous international studies apart from the economic and treatment postponement aspects.</p
