Repositorio Institucional UCSC (Univ. Católica de la Santísima Concepción)
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Dimensões da autorregulação do professor: interesse intrínseco e orientação para metas
Get PDFEste estudio comparó el interés intrínseco y la orientación a la meta de dominio en docentes, según características sociodemográficas durante el retorno a clases presenciales después de la pandemia COVID-19. Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo correlacional transversal. El cuestionario fue respondido por 157 docentes de escuelas secundarias en Chile. Los resultados mostraron una relación significativa y positiva entre interés intrínseco, orientación a la meta de dominio; no existió diferencia significativa en estas variables regulatorias según sexo y tipo de contrato; los docentes con más de 10 años de experiencia presentaron mayores niveles interés intrínseco que docentes con menos años de experiencia, no existió diferencia significativa entre la variable orientación a la meta y años de experiencia. Se requieren más estudios para identificar factores intervinientes que influyan en el interés intrínseco y orientación a la meta del profesorado y consecuentemente permiten mejorar estas variables por medio del modelado en sus estudiantes
Comentario a “Influencia del voluntarismo de Duns Escoto en el origen del pensamiento moderno”
Get PDFCo-teaching and collaborative work in inclusive educational contexts
Get PDFIntroducción: la colaboración interdisciplinaria destaca como estrategia clave para la educación inclusiva, mediado por el trabajo en equipo dentro y fuera del aula, centrándose en el trabajo de los profesores de educación regular y especial en el contexto educativo inclusivo considerando la salud mental de los miembros de la comunidad escolar. La co-enseñanza por su parte, implica una transformación de las prácticas docentes para mejorar el aprendizaje de todos los estudiantes dentro del aula.
Objetivo: el artículo tiene como propósito describir la experiencia pedagógica de los co-enseñantes desde los imaginarios sociales de equipos de aula en establecimientos educacionales de la provincia de Concepción en Chile.
Método: los imaginarios al ser aspectos subjetivos se abordan desde la complementariedad porque permite considerar aspectos fenomenológicos y hermenéuticos. El enfoque fue cualitativo, mediante estudio de casos múltiples. El análisis de la información se realizó buscando la movilidad de los imaginarios sociales, en donde los mapas de coordenadas sociales fueron las herramientas utilizadas para visualizar los desplazamientos de las categorías emergentes.
Conclusiones: el estudio muestra una fuerza social fuertemente instituida respecto a concebir la educación inclusiva como un modelo impuesto desde la normativa, prácticas pedagógicas competitivas e individuales con relaciones tensas y jerárquicas que no aportan a la salud mental de todos. También surgen como opacidades, imaginarios que proyectan una escuela nueva, en donde el reconocimiento del otro es una posibilidad de construcción conjunta y aprendizaje más allá de los imperativos definidos por las voces oficiales
Fatty acid biomarkers reveal the interaction between two highly migratory species in the Southern Humboldt System: the swordfish and its prey, the jumbo squid
Get PDFMarine trophodynamics refer to the transfer of energy from prey to predators. In marine invertebrates and fishes, the nutrients obtained through the consumption of food and/or prey are stored as energy reserves in certain tissues and/or organs including the liver, muscle, or gonads, and that these are subsequently used as bioenergetic fuel for highly energy-demanding fundamental physiological processes. In the southern Humboldt Current System, the interaction between two highly migratory resources and top species has been observed: the swordfish (Xiphias gladius) and its prey the jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas). Because of this trophic interaction, these species store large amounts of energy (as lipids and fatty acids) in their main organs. However, how the fatty acid profile varies in the various organs of the predator and its prey is still unknown, as is its potential use as trophic biomarkers and the ecophysiological role it plays. Our results showed a moderate similarity between the fatty acid profile of the digestive gland of D. gigas with the profiles of the liver, gonad, and muscle of X. gladius, particularly with fatty acids: palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1n9), gadoleic (C20:1), EPA (C20:5n3), and DHA (C22:6n3). Our findings on the use of fatty acids as biomarkers of the interaction between two highly migratory species in the southern Humboldt System may reveal the degree of preference swordfish have for preying on jumbo squid, particularly through the consumption of the digestive gland. In both species, a high bioenergetic fuel content characterized by a predominance of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids may be necessary to sustain the high energy costs involved in their migratory and reproductive processes in the Humboldt Current system
Residual stresses in cold-formed steel sections: An overview of influences and measurement techniques
Get PDFCold-formed steel (CFS) members offer significant advantages over hot-rolled sections, primarily due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and versatility in forming various cross-sectional shapes. These attributes make CFS an efficient choice for design and construction. This paper reviews current design methods for CFS, focusing on the impact of initial imperfections. It also examines various techniques for measuring residual stress in CFS sections, including analytical, experimental, and numerical approaches. The study concludes that while analytical methods are effective, they become complex when accounting for material anisotropy. Laboratory techniques provide reliable measurements but are limited in detecting through-thickness residual stresses. Numerical approaches offer comprehensive insights but require further validation across different material and geometric configurations. The paper highlights the need for advanced analytical models, improved laboratory methods, and expanded numerical techniques to address existing knowledge gaps in residual stress assessment for CFS structures
Effectiveness of Exergames on Functional Physical Performance in Older Adults with Knee/Hip Osteoarthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Get PDFBackground/Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of mobility impairment in older adults, yet few studies have explored exergames (EXGs) as a complementary therapy for knee and/or hip OA (KOA/HOA). This study evaluated the effects of integrating EXGs into conventional therapy (CT) on functional mobility. Methods: Sixty participants were randomized into an EXG/CT group or a CT-only group. The interventions lasted 10 weeks (3 sessions/week), and the EXGs were selected from the interactive game Ring Fit Adventure (Nintendo Switch®, Kyoto, Japan). Results: Functional mobility (Timed Up and Go test) significantly improved in the EXG/CT group but not in the CT group. Additionally, lower-limb strength and aerobic endurance increased in the EXG/CT group. No adverse events were reported, and the adherence was high. Conclusions: These findings support EXG-based interventions as a viable complement to CT. Future studies should design OA-specific EXGs and include patient subgroups to expand the impact of interventions using virtual systems
Intercultural Sensitivity in Health Science Head of Faculty to incorporate Intercultural Competence in the Curriculum
Get PDFEn Chile, el aumento de migrantes desde el 1990 a la fecha ha sido considerable; sin embargo, la Política de Salud de Migrante Internacional se estableció apenas en 2017. Esta señala incorporar contenidos referidos a interculturalidad, migración y salud, entre otros, en el curriculum de salud. Los jefes de carrera gestionan el curriculum para responder a los requerimientos del contexto. El modelo de Sensibilidad Intercultural describe las etapas para desarrollar empatía que permiten atender las necesidades culturales del otro.
Objetivo: Explorar la Sensibilidad Intercultural de los jefes de carrera de ciencias de la salud para incorporar Competencia Intercultural para paciente migrante en el curriculum.
Método: Investigación cualitativa con enfoque Interpretativo. Se realizaron entrevistas por zoom a informantes clave que fueron jefes de carrera de diferentes carreras sanitarias, posterior al envío del consentimiento informado por mail. El análisis de datos utilizó categorías deductivas en conformidad con las etapas de Sensibilidad Intercultural y subcategorías inductivas, con la asistencia del programa ATLAS.ti 24.
Resultados: Participaron 15 jefes de carrera de tres universidades. Las categorías fueron: a) Negación: conformada por las subcategorías aislamiento académico y desconocimiento de Política de Salud de Migrante Internacional; b) Defensa: con ausencia de académicos capacitados, curriculum rígido y delegar la formación práctica; c) Minimización: con formación implícita y minimización formativa; y d) Aceptación: con estrategias de incorporación de contenidos. El análisis código/documento permitió establecer que la etapa más frecuente fue la de minimización, seguida de defensa. La etapa más alta lograda fue de aceptación, aunque con estrategias educativas poco sistemáticas. Las etapas de adaptación e integración no se lograron.
Conclusión: La Sensibilidad Intercultural de los jefes de carrera para incorporar Competencia Intercultural para paciente migrante en el curriculum es principalmente de minimización y defensa que invisibiliza los aspectos culturales. Esto repercute y perpetúa una atención universalista y etnocéntrica
Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors of Mothers, Fathers, and Children of Preschool and School Age
Get PDFThe impact of physical activity parents perform on their children, which can positively affect their development, has recently been studied with greater emphasis. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between the levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior of mothers and fathers and that of their preschool and school-age children. A sociodemographic questionnaire and two questionnaires to estimate physical activity and sedentary behavior (MAFYCS and IPAQ) were applied to a total of 34 girls and 25 boys aged 4 to 10 years, together with their mothers and fathers, all residents of the Biobío Region, Chile. The results showed that children whose mothers and fathers were more physically active and walked more were more involved in active play and participated in organized sports (r=0.523; p<0.001), (r=0.678; p<0.001). Likewise, children whose mothers were more physically active participated more in organized sports (r=0.296; p=0.026). In addition, the children of mothers who were more sedentary spent more time in front of a computer (r=0.279; p=0.036). Regular physical activity in mothers and fathers may significantly influence their children by positively transferring their habits. This could also be mediated by the intensity, type of activity performed, and overall family engagement in physical pursuits and lifestyle habits
The Impact of Rhodiola Rosea Extract on Strength Performance in Alternative Bench-Press and Bench-Pull Exercises Under Resting and Mental Fatigue Conditions: A Randomized, Triple-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial
Get PDFObjectives: This study aimed to explore the effects of four days of Rhodiola Rosea (RR) supplementation on bench-press and bench-pull exercises under resting or mental fatigue conditions in young healthy individuals. Methods: Eighteen participants (seven women) visited the laboratory on five occasions separated by 7 days—one preliminary session and four experimental sessions. In the preliminary session, participants were familiarised with the Stroop and Multiple Object Tracking tests, after which their one-repetition maximum loads for bench presses and bench pulls were determined. The four experimental sessions had the same protocol, differing only in the supplement (RR or placebo) and mental task conditions (Stroop test or control video). Participants were assigned randomly and counterbalanced to each experimental condition: (I) RR and Stroop test, (II) RR and control video, (III) placebo and Stroop test, and (IV) placebo and control video. Results: The main findings indicate that RR supplementation has trivial-to-small effects in terms of mental fatigue, visuo-cognitive processing, or perceived exertion. However, RR was significantly superior to placebo on strength performance in the control video condition during some sets, as it increased the number of repetitions performed in the bench press and the fastest velocity in the bench pull. Out of 52 comparisons, 17 small effect sizes were observed, with 14 favouring RR and 3 favouring placebo, with the remaining differences being trivial. Conclusions: These results suggest that short-term RR supplementation is safe and provides its main ergogenic effects on physical performance rather than in visuo-cognitive or mental outcomes
The impact of emotional exhaustion on the performance of SMEs
Get PDFThis study examines the impact of emotional exhaustion on business performance, with a particular focus on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). To achieve this objective, data were collected from business owners in the developing economy of Ecuador. The research specifically explores how the effects of emotional exhaustion vary according to the gender of the business owners and investigates the role of social support in family businesses as a psychological protective factor that may help mitigate the negative consequences of emotional exhaustion. The methodology is based on quantile regression, which facilitates the analysis of the effects of emotional exhaustion across various quantiles of the conditional distribution of business performance. The results reveal that emotional exhaustion has a negative and statistically significant effect on business performance, with businesses led by men showing more pronounced effects. However, family businesses experience a mitigating effect because their organizational structure provides social support that helps counterbalance the detrimental impact of emotional exhaustion. The results underscore the need to consider both the gender of entrepreneurs and the structural characteristics of businesses when designing strategies to improve business performance and resilience. The study provides valuable insights into academic research and business practice, with practical recommendations grounded in the relevant academic literature