Repositorio Institucional UCSC (Univ. Católica de la Santísima Concepción)
Not a member yet
3697 research outputs found
Sort by
Atmospheric characterization and tighter constraints on the orbital misalignment of WASP-94 A b with HARPS
Get PDFWe present high spectral resolution observations of the hot Jupiter WASP-94 A b using the HARPS instrument on ESO’s 3.6-m telescope in La Silla, Chile. We probed for Na absorption in its atmosphere as well as constrained the previously reported misaligned retrograde orbit using the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect. Additionally, we undertook a combined atmospheric retrieval analysis with previously published low-resolution data. We confirm the retrograde orbit as well as constrain the orbital misalignment with our measurement of a projected spin-orbit obliquity of λ = 123.0 ± 3.0°. We find a tentative detection of Na absorption in the atmosphere of WASP-94 A b, independent of the treatment of the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect in our analysis (3.6σ and 4.4σ). We combine our HARPS high-resolution data with low-resolution data from the literature and find that while the posterior distribution of the Na abundance results in a tighter constraint than using a single data set, the detection significance does not improve (3.2σ), which we attribute to degeneracies between the low- and high-resolution data
Sex and disease severity-based analysis of steroid hormones in ME/CFS
Get PDFPurpose: Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disease characterized by persistent fatigue and decreased daily activity following physical and/or cognitive exertion. While ME/CFS afects both sexes, there is a higher prevalence in women. However, studies evaluating this sex-related bias are limited.
Methods: Circulating steroid hormones, including mineralocorticoids (aldosterone), glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone, 11-deoxycortisol, cortisone), androgens (androstenedione, testosterone), and progestins (progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone), were measured in plasma samples using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS). Samples were obtained from mild/moderate (ME/CFSmm; females, n=20; males, n=8), severely afected patients (ME/CFSsa; females, n=24; males, n=6), and healthy controls (HC, females, n=12; males, n=17).
Results: After correction for multiple testing, we observed that circulating levels of 11-deoxycortisol, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone in females, and progesterone in males were signifcantly diferent between HC, ME/CFSmm, and ME/CFSsa. Comparing two independent groups, we found that female ME/CFSsa had higher levels of 11-deoxycortisol (vs. HC and ME/CFSmm) and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (vs. HC). In addition, female ME/CFSmm showed a signifcant increase in progesterone levels compared to HC. In contrast, our study found that male ME/CFSmm had lower circulating levels of cortisol and corticosterone, while progesterone levels were elevated compared to HC. In addition to these univariate analyses, our correlational and multivariate approaches identifed diferential associations between our study groups. Also, using two-component partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), we were able to discriminate ME/CFS from HC with an accuracy of 0.712 and 0.846 for females and males, respectively.
Conclusion: Our fndings suggest the potential value of including steroid hormones in future studies aimed at improving stratifcation in ME/CFS. Additionally, our results provide new perspectives to explore the clinical relevance of these diferences within specifc patient subgroups
Effectiveness of signaling a firm family identity to jobseekers: Proactiveness and innovativeness profile of the applicant
No full textPurpose
This study aims to determine how the communication of a family business identity in a recruitment call influences, directly and indirectly, the response of jobseekers, and whether this response varies according to the level of proactiveness and innovative of the applicants.
Design/methodology/approach
An experimental design using job advertisements on a LinkedIn recruitment call in Peru and Chile was implemented. The experiment simulates a job offer for a professional that could be filled by a business graduate student. The sample consisted of 171 surveys applied to university students in full-time higher education programs.
Findings
The results indicate that there is a positive indirect influence of family business signaling on the intention to pursue (through perceived prestige and career development opportunity). However, signaling family ownership of a company has a negative direct influence on jobseekers’ intentions to go to the recruitment call. When it comes to jobseekers with high and low levels of innovativeness and proactiveness, the results suggest that family business identity signaling is less effective among jobseekers with higher levels of proactiveness and innovativeness.
Originality/value
This article contributes to the theory of the family firm by advancing the understanding of the challenges that family businesses face when attracting talent. Our results enable family businesses to strategically adapt their hiring processes to enhance their appeal in the competitive labor market
Toward biomanufacturing of next-generation bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)-based materials with tailored properties: A review on genetic engineering approaches
No full textBacterial nanocellulose (BNC) is a biopolymer that is drawing significant attention for a wide range of applications thanks to its unique structure and excellent properties, such as high purity, mechanical strength, high water holding capacity and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, the biomanufacturing of BNC is hindered due to its low yield, the instability of microbial strains and cost limitations that prevent it from being mass-produced on a large scale. Various approaches have been developed to address these problems by genetically modifying strains and to produce BNC-based biomaterials with added value. These works are summarized and discussed in the present article, which include the overexpression and knockout of genes related and not related with the nanocellulose biosynthetic operon, the application of synthetic biology approaches and CRISPR/Cas techniques to modulate BNC biosynthesis. Further discussion is provided on functionalized BNC-based biomaterials with tailored properties that are incorporated in-vivo during its biosynthesis using genetically modified strains either in single or co-culture systems (in-vivo manufacturing). This novel strategy holds potential to open the road toward cost-effective production processes and to find novel applications in a variety of technology and industrial fields
Role of masculinities in food transmission
Get PDFIntroducción. Las masculinidades representan roles sociales diversos y un estereotipo masculino que limita el desarrollo de tareas domésticas, entre otras, el estar a cargo de la alimentación familiar.
Objetivo. Interpretar los relatos de personas mayores sobre el rol de las masculinidades en la transmisión alimentaria familiar.
Materiales y Métodos. Estudio exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo utilizando la metodología de la Teoría Fundamentada de Strauss y Corbin. Participaron personas mayores de género masculino, a los que se les aplicó entrevista semiestructurada. Los datos fueron analizados a través de codificación abierta, axial y selectiva, lo que permitió identificar las categorías centrales que fueron la base del levantamiento de teoría que responde al objeto de estudio. La investigación fue avalada por comité de ética científica.
Resultados. Se reconoce una cesión social de hábitos, patrones y costumbres alimentarias familiares en este grupo de personas, en especial, en etapas nóveles de su trayectoria vital. Como personas mayores, las masculinidades se adaptan a los cuidados y necesidades de sus respectivos hogares, ayudando en las compras de alimentos, elaborando preparaciones culinarias o reconociendo miembros masculinos de sus familias en el traspaso intergeneracional de saberes alimentarios.
Conclusión. Desde los relatos de personas mayores participantes, las masculinidades presentan una dinámica familiar que comienza a desmitificar el rol de género femenino en el traspaso cultural de la alimentación
Four dimensional topological supergravities from transgression field theory
Get PDFIn this work, we propose a four-dimensional gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten model, obtained as a dimensional reduction from a transgression field theory invariant under the N = 1 Poincaré supergroup. For this purpose, we consider that the two gauge connections on which the transgression action principle depends are given by linear and non-linear realizations of the gauge group respectively. The field content of the resulting four-dimensional theory is given by the gauge fields of the linear connection, in addition to a set of scalar and spinor multiplets in the same representation of the gauge supergroup, which in turn, correspond to the coordinates of the coset space between the gauge group and the five-dimensional Lorentz group. We then decompose the action in terms of four-dimensional quantities and derive the corresponding equations of motion. We extend our analysis to the non- and ultra- relativistic regimes
Chilean sea cucumber: New potential source of biomolecules with high nutritional value and cytotoxic activity
No full textSea cucumbers are important sources of human food and pharmacological compounds. However, few studies have evaluated the potential differences between the sexes or organs in a particular species to explore new commercial opportunities. In this study, the proximate composition and amino acid profile of the body wall, the saponin content in the organs of Athyonidium chilensis males and females, and their cytotoxicity against colon cancer cells were evaluated. There were no significant differences in the proximate composition and amino acid profile of the body wall between the sexes. Protein content differed significantly between organs and sexes, fluctuating between 36.29 % and 72.98 % (dry weight). Saponin content was significantly higher in the gonads and lower in the longitudinal musculature. Cell viability was significantly lower (9.50 ± 2.23 %) with the digestive system saponin extract than with 40 % (94.75 ± 2.65 %). This work demonstrates the great potential of A. chilensis as a food and source of saponins with pharmacological importance
Integration of school technologies for language learning for students with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A systematic review
No full textTechnologies can be a variable that influences academic success, specifically in language learning in schoolchildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The use of virtual learning environments has contributed to all areas of education, being incorporated by teachers as a pedagogical innovation. The objective of this article is to systematize research related to quantitative and mixed empirical designs on the use of media, designs, and virtual environments in the subject of language. For this, the PRISMA-P systematic review methodology was used. The analyses were made considering the general aspects (participants, language content, type of technology used, country, duration of the intervention), the methodologies used, the effectiveness, and the limitations described by the researchers in each intervention. The search for the systematic review of the literature was through the Scopus, WoS, and ProQuest databases, between the years 2018 and 2022, achieving a final selection of ten articles. The information analyzed allows detecting the need to incorporate pedagogical strategies linked to the area of language for students with autism, who presented positive advances in the interventions analyzed
Perfil psicológico de estudiantes de pedagogía inglés: Estilos atributivos, autoconcepto académico y autoestima
Get PDFThis article examines the relationship between attributional styles, academic self-concept and self-esteem in university students of English Pedagogy. Their profiles in these variables were identified by using a quantitative descriptive-correlational approach and a sample of 125 students. In order to fulfill the objective of the study, descriptive and comparative analyses were performed through T Student and ANOVA. Also, Pearson correlations were performed to identify the link between the dimensions of the instruments with respect to the sociodemographic variables. The results showed that students tend to attribute their failures to lack of effort, lack of ability and moderate academic self-efficacy. Females evidenced greater attribution of failure due to lack of ability and family conflicts. Correlations were found between several dimensions, highlighting the negative relationship between internal causes and lack of effort. These findings provide relevant information for future educational interventions in similar samples
Reference values for the 5000-meter test in Chilean athletes aged 35 to 74 years: Cross-sectional study
Get PDFIntroducción: El atletismo es un deporte que busca superar el rendimiento atlético de los adversarios en un conjunto de disciplinas. Objetivo: Desarrollar una escala cualitativa para la valoración del rendimiento atlético en 5000 metros planos en atletas chilenos de entre 35 a 74 años.
Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, cuya muestra considero 449 atletas máster del género femenino y 903 del género masculino que participaron en la prueba de 5000 metros planos durante el periodo 2014 a 2022, siendo estos datos obtenidos a partir del registro de la Federación de Atletismo Máster de Chile. El rendimiento atlético fue determinado a través del tiempo utilizado para completar la prueba, mientras que la escala cualitativa se construyó con los percentiles < 10, ≥ 10, ≥ 25, ≥ 50, ≥ 75 correspondiendo estos a los criterios excelente, muy bueno, bueno, regular y pobre.
Resultados: En la prueba de carrera de 5000 metros. La media fue de 21:04:34 y 25:36:46 para el género masculino y femenino respectivamente. En general, el error estándar de la media = 00:05:81 para el género masculino y 00:11:70 para el género femenino, reportándose diferencias significativas y un tamaño de efecto grande (p 0,8) en todas las categorías de edad en función del sexo.
Conclusión: La creación de la escala cualitativa para la prueba de 5000 metros planos permite evaluar y clasificar el nivel deportivo en atletas de entre 35 a 74 años