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Evaluation of the effect of thermoelectrics plants on the concentration of As, Cu, Ni, Pb and V in soils of the port of Coronel-Chile
Get PDFEn este trabajo se investigaron las concentraciones de metales pesados (como As, Cu, Ni, Pb y V) en suelos superficiales (0-10 cm) y subsuperficiales (10-20 cm) de la comuna de Coronel, Chile. El estudio se centró en analizar la influencia de las termoeléctricas locales en la variabilidad de estos metales, dado que la quema de combustibles fósiles por estas instalaciones puede llevar a la emisión atmosférica de metales que luego son depositados en el suelo por diferentes mecanismos, como partículas en suspensión, lluvia, niebla o viento. El rápido desarrollo comercial e industrial en el Puerto de Coronel, ha generado preocupaciones sobre la contaminación provocada por las termoeléctricas en la zona. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar y comparar las concentraciones de As, Cu, Ni, Pb y V en suelos de diferentes zonas geográficas cercanas a las termoeléctricas. Para el análisis de metales se realizó la digestión de las muestras con agua regia y se analizaron por Espectrofotometría de Absorción Atómica. Los resultados mostraron un incremento significativo, para la mayoría de los metales estudiados, en las zonas más cercanas a las termoeléctricas
La aplicación del Alterum non laedere en el derecho del trabajo: La deuda de seguridad empresarial
No full textPolymorphism rs1861868 of FTO gene and its association with obesity overwight. A scoping review
Get PDFIntroducción: la obesidad y el sobrepeso se han convertido en un problema de salud mundial. Factores genéticos pueden influir en el aumento del índice de masa corporal como los polimorfismos del gen FTO, los cuales se han relacionado con la obesidad y sus comorbilidades.
Método: se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos Scopus, PubMed y Clarivate Analytics Web of Science buscando información respecto al polimorfismo rs1861868 del gen FTO y el desarrollo de la obesidad y enfermedades asociadas. Se seleccionaron estudios que cumplían con los criterios PRISMA-ScR y se extrajo información sobre las características de la población, tamaño de la muestra, alelo de riesgo, resultados y conclusiones.
Resultados: se analizaron 6 estudios que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. El alelo T(A) del polimorfismo rs1861868 se asoció con un mayor IMC en algunos estudios, pero no en otros. La asociación entre el polimorfismo y el IMC varió según factores como la edad, el sexo, la actividad física y la historia familiar de obesidad.
Conclusiones: si bien el polimorfismo rs1861868 del gen FTO puede jugar un papel en el riesgo de obesidad, su efecto parece ser menor que otros polimorfismos dentro del mismo gen. Factores como la edad, el sexo, la actividad física y la historia familiar de obesidad parecen tener una mayor influencia en el IMC que la presencia del alelo de riesgo T del rs1861868
Entrepreneurial orientation and transformational leadership for the development of innovation capabilities
Get PDFPurpose: This paper aims to analyse the impact of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) through the relationship of transformational leadership (TL) for the development of dynamic capabilities (DC) for organisational innovation.
Methodology/Approach: Under a qualitative method, and a single case study strategy, data were obtained from interviews with 15 senior managers and leaders of innovation activities; the document review and data triangulation method was used to analyse causality relations proposed in the theoretical framework.
Findings: The empirical results confirm that the EO and TL have a positive relationship with the development of innovation capabilities. Findings indicate that risk-taking, proactiveness, assimilation, and exploitation of internal and external knowledge remain the main difficulties in improving innovation capabilities and adaptability in the technological environment.
Research Limitation/implication: The present paper gathered data from a specific organisation in the field of EO. The research allowed us to better understand the incidence of EO, TL, and DC regarding the relationship between variables, and it should be considered a potential source for enhancing innovation management capabilities.
Originality/Value of paper: This work is the first that integrates the concepts of EO with other related disciplines into a single case strategy, within a specific entrepreneurship and innovation ecosystem context in a large automotive industry
Structural attributes and macrofaunal assemblages associated with rose gorgonian gardens (Leptogorgia sp. nov.) in Central Chile: Opening the door for conservation actions
Get PDFGorgonians (like corals) are important habitat-forming organisms that support a diversity of macrofauna. This study explored structural attributes of gorgonian gardens formed by rose gorgonians (Leptogorgia sp. nov.) and associated macrofaunal assemblages in Caleta Pichicuy (Central Chile). Hierarchical sampling was conducted at 20 m depth (maximum colony abundances) in order to assess spatial variability in abundance and colony attributes at two spatial scales (among sites and rocky walls). The abundance and composition of the associated vagile and sessile macrofauna were also examined using univariant (Taxa richness and Shannon index (H’e)) and multivariant approaches and were compared with adjacent bare rocky habitats. Our results showed a high abundance of gorgonians (ca. 28.9–36.5 colonies m−2) compared to other gorgonian gardens in the world. For structural attributes, our results showed smaller colonies with thicker holdfasts in more exposed sites, suggesting the influence of hydrodynamic forces on the colony morphology. Taxa richness and H’e of vagile fauna showed threefold and twofold, respectively, higher values in gorgonian gardens compared to bare walls, but no differences were observed for sessile fauna. In addition, PCoA and PERMANOVA evidenced a distinctive assemblages’ composition between habitats for both vagile and sessile fauna. Correlation analyzes and dbRDA showed, however, little association between structural attributes and associated faunal assemblages (R2 = 0.06, and ca. 3–9.4% of the total variation explained, respectively). Our results constitute the first assessment of structural habitat complexity and accompanying fauna in these gorgonian gardens and establish the baseline for understanding possible future changes associated to human activities
Variabilidad y selección positiva en FOXP2, gen asociado al desarrollo del lenguaje, el habla y la cognición
Get PDFIntroduction: the FOXP2 gene has been identified as a key genetic factor in the development of language and human cognition. Mutations in FOXP2 have been associated with language disorders and speech difficulties. Additionally, this gene has been linked to various neuropsychiatric conditions. The objective of this study is to analyze the genetic differentiation of populations in the FOXP2 gene and in the rs10447760, rs1456031, rs2253478 and rs2396753 polymorphisms.
Method: data from the “1000 Genomes” Project were used to analyze genetic variability in FOXP2 in 2504 individuals from 26 populations and 5 macro populations. Linkage disequilibrium, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and allele frequencies of the SNPs were evaluated. Genetic differentiation was estimated using the FST statistic.
Results: a highly differentiated region was identified in intron 3 of FOXP2 between the African macro population and the rest, with a maximum FST of 0,78. This region contains an epigenetic mark H3K27Ac, suggesting a regulatory role. Hardy-Weinberg imbalances were observed in some populations for the SNPs analyzed. Linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that these SNPs have independent effects.
Conclusions: the highly differentiated region in FOXP2 suggests a past natural selection event, supporting an adaptive role of this gene in the evolution of language, speech and cognition. Population differences in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and genetic variability highlight the importance of considering genetic variation in future association studies with FOXP2
Bioenergetic status of swordfish (Xiphias gladius) during the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Southeast Pacific Ocean: An interannual scale
No full textThe bioenergetic status of fishes has been used to study their physiological responses to temporal changes at interannual scales. We evaluated the physiological responses of swordfish at an interannual scale from the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO): warm phase “El Niño” in 2015 to the cold phase “La Niña” in 2017 and under neutral conditions as well in 2019. Herein, muscle samples from females and males were analyzed to evaluate the bioenergetic status from their biochemical constituents (L: lipids, P: proteins and G: glucose, E: total energy, and FAs: fatty acid profile), elemental composition (C: carbon, N: nitrogen, H: hydrogen), and nutritional indices (L:P, C:N, DHA/C18:1n-3, DHA/C16:0 and ω3/ω6 FAs). The physiological response of swordfish showed an interaction between the year and sex. Herein, the L and E showed similar trends, with the lowest female values found in 2015 and the highest in 2019. Contrary, males showed their highest values in 2015 and lowest in 2019. FA profile differed among years and highlighted significant differences between females and males in 2019. Although the female L:P and C:N ratios were lower in 2015 than in 2017, a decreasing trend in these ratios was found from 2017 to 2019. Moreover, DHA/C18:1n-3, DHA/C16:0 and ω3/ω6 showed higher ratios in females than males in 2019. Our results coincide with the beginning of the ENSO phases; it is therefore likely that the swordfish diet changed in response to the disturbances in environmental conditions. Furthermore, the degree of individual dietary specialization found under the neutral conditions could indicate differences in the feeding behaviors of males vs. females, which may be an adaptive strategy in this species. These findings will aid in understanding the bioenergetic status of swordfish under different climatic scenarios and the current global warming, providing relevant information for the management of this resource
The revolution of historical narratives: Reinventing the teaching and evaluation of historical thinking in teacher training
No full textLa narrativa histórica es una herramienta fundamental en la formación de los futuros profesores de historia porque permite evaluar el desarrollo de su pensamiento histórico. Este capítulo analiza la importancia de la narrativa histórica para evaluar el pensamiento histórico de los futuros profesores de historia y explica diferentes tipos de narrativas que puede utilizar el profesor formador para desarrollar dicha habilidad en el alumnado. Metodológicamente, este trabajo se apoya en una revisión de alcance de publicaciones alojadas en diferentes bases de datos (Latindex, Wos, Scopus, Scielo, Clacso, Redalyc, ProQuest y Dialnet). El análisis se realizó bajo el método inductivo, el paradigma humanista, con enfoque cualitativo, tipo interpretativo, y el diseño narrativo de tópico. Los resultados evidencian que la narrativa histórica es una evidencia relevante para comunicar perspectivas sobre el pasado y evaluar el pensamiento histórico. Por este motivo, se concluye que resulta fundamental aplicar este recurso en la formación docente
Hacia una formación docente reflexiva: Construyendo conciencia histórica en el chile del post-estallido social
Get PDFEn este capítulo se examinan los desafíos relacionados con la creación de narrativas históricas por parte del futuro profesorado de Historia en el contexto chileno de post-estallido social, tales como la necesidad de contar con una formación pedagógica actualizada, la relevancia de considerar la responsabilidad ética del profesor formador y la urgencia de enseñar a evaluar fuentes históricas. Metodológicamente, es una revisión de alcance de documentos alojados en Google Académico, Scopus, Scielo, ProQuest y Dialnet. El estudio enfatiza que la elaboración de narrativas históricas por parte de los futuros docentes, a pesar de los desafíos previstos, es crucial para el desarrollo de la conciencia histórica porque fomenta una comprensión crítica sobre el pasado y su relación con el presente. Se concluye que este propósito resulta esencial para preparar a profesores capaces de educar a ciudadanos críticos y comprometidos con el bien común