Repositorio Institucional UCSC (Univ. Católica de la Santísima Concepción)
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Disabilities in higher education: Attitudes and context
Get PDFEl objetivo de este artículo es conocer la relación entre las actitudes de docentes y estudiantado hacia la discapacidad según variables sociodemográficas. Investigación cuantitativa correlacional, usa la Escala de Actitudes hacia la Discapacidad, Forma G, en 381 participantes. El género femenino presenta una actitud positiva hacia la discapacidad. Para la inclusión de la discapacidad en Educación Superior es urgente un cambio en todos los actores de este contexto, requiere recursos y se necesita voluntades personales para transformar las actitudes que cada persona trae consigo
Obstacles to innovation in textile SMEs in the Usaquen district of Bogota, Colombia
No full textThe textile sector in Colombia is of great importance in the national economy because it generates a high number of jobs, especially in cities such as Medellin and Bogota, in addition to the contribution it makes to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). At the same time, this sector has a high percentage of SMEs that are part of it and, in some cases, due to the financial muscle they have, are forced to carry out strategies with scarce resources to sustain themselves in the market. For this reason, there is a high degree of relevance in analyzing the main obstacles to innovation perceived by SMEs in the textile sector in the city of Usaquén in Bogotá, Colombia. For this purpose, a quantitative methodology was used. A survey was carried out with structured questions on a Likert scale to 72 companies on their perception of the financial, knowledge, regulatory, and technological obstacles they face daily. The main results found that the challenges related to knowledge limitations were the most important, more important than the financial ones. This information allows the design of better improvement processes and public policies that contribute to achieving some of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially Goal 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth, Goal number 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure, and Goal number 12: Responsible production and consumption of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). If the processes and/or public policies are not implemented, the sector could be adversely affected, given the high level of global competition with products made at lower costs and the level of smuggling in the region
A nature-based exploration of resilience capacity in coastal settlements exposed to tsunamis along the southern Pacific coast
No full textThe speculation of coastal land for tourism and housing has led to the rapid urbanization of Chilean coastal settlements and to the reduction of critical ecosystems that contribute to resilience against tsunami hazards. This study analyzes the mitigative and adaptive capacities of these settlements based on their natural resources, focusing on differences across settlements with varying degrees of urbanization. Mitigative capacity refers to the ability to minimize the impact of a tsunami through bioshields like coastal forests, wetlands, and dunes in the Coastal Plane. Adaptive capacity encompasses longer-term resources that support recovery, such as food, water, and refuge provided by forests, prairies and agricultural land among others in the Coastal Range. Using spatial and multivariate analyses, 53 coastal settlements were evaluated, leading to three settlement clusters with distinct degree of urbanization, type of settlement (village or city), and differences in their latitudinal distribution and in the number of prairies and agricultural land in the Coastal Range. Results show no significant differences between settlement clusters and mitigative capacity. On the other hand, the study finds that cities' type of settlements, with greater prairie and agricultural land in the Coastal Range, particularly in central and northern Chile, show a higher capacity for adaptation, based on transportation and refuge available after the tsunami. This research highlights the crucial role of natural resources in both immediate disaster mitigation and long-term adaptation. Understanding the differences in resource availability among settlements can inform urban planning strategies to develop tsunami-resilient communities along Chile's southern Pacific coast
Desarrollo de la escucha activa: Una habilidad clave para procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje significativos
Get PDFTeacher training faces the challenge of strengthening skills for job preparation and the performance of the pedagogical role. This is how transversal training of communication skills makes sense, since they are essential in social exchanges, in classroom interactions and in teaching-learning processes. In this context, this research analyzes the perceptions of teachers in training regarding the development of active listening skills and their impact on the teaching and learning processes. The study was qualitative with a descriptive scope. The participants were 35 Chilean pedagogy students, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The collection of information considered class observation, responses to a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview. Through a content analysis, three key categories were identified: the development of social skills and values, effective feedback strategies, and reflection on teaching practice. Participants valued active listening as essential for pedagogical dialogue and to promote values such as empathy, collaboration, tolerance and respect. The main conclusions reveal that active listening not only strengthens communication, but also promotes an inclusive culture that allows you to connect with others, value yourself, and promote meaningful and successful teaching-learning processes
Impact of business tourism on regional development. The case of the Biobío region, Chile
No full textTourism generates economic, cultural, social and environmental impacts. This industry is not immune to changes in the environment, this is how it has been relevantly affected by Covid-19 pandemic, which has generated important economic losses in companies that are directly or indirectly related to this activity. Among the types of tourism that were most affected was business tourism, which has been an important contribution for the development of different countries and regions in the world. The objective of this article is to identify the impact of business tourism in the Biobío region, Chile. The methodology used was documentary qualitative and it was found that, within the region, this type of tourist events have been of great importance for regional development. In addition, there is an important support from the national and regional government for its economic reactivation, with relevant projects and supports
Desarrollo de habilidades sociales en la formación del profesorado mediante la metodología de aprendizaje y servicio
Get PDFLa formación inicial docente es una etapa caracterizada por la instalación de competencias generales y específicas indispensables para un buen ejercicio profesional. Estas competencias buscan, a su vez, el desarrollo de aprendizajes basados en la reflexión, la colaboración y la adecuación a distintas realidades educativas. En esta búsqueda, una de las estrategias importantes es el Aprendizaje y Servicio, una metodología de enseñanza que posibilita la aplicación del conocimiento en contextos reales y la satisfacción de una necesidad sentida de la comunidad. En este escenario, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las implicaciones de las actividades de Aprendizaje y Servicio en la adquisición de habilidades claves para el fortalecimiento de la formación docente. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo de naturaleza descriptiva, utilizando un diseño sustentado en el estudio de casos múltiples y una muestra no probabilística intencionada, compuesta por 40 futuros docentes de educación básica. Los datos fueron recopilados mediante observación participante y un cuestionario, cuyo foco estuvo en las interacciones, dinámicas grupales y la reflexión sistemática. El análisis, basado en la codificación abierta y selectiva, permitió identificar categorías que articulan las prácticas pedagógicas con habilidades sociales y emociones. Los principales hallazgos destacan la importancia del aprendizaje-servicio como una estrategia para el desarrollo de habilidades sociales relevantes para la formación profesional. Este impacto se vincula con sentimientos positivos, como el enriquecimiento personal, la satisfacción y el compromiso social, lo que refuerza la preparación del profesorado para el mundo laboral
TOI-4860 b, a short-period giant planet transiting an M3.5 dwarf
Get PDFWe report the discovery and characterisation of a giant transiting planet orbiting a nearby M3.5V dwarf (d = 80.4pc, G = 15.1 mag, K=11.2mag, R* = 0.358 ± 0.015 R⊙, M* = 0.340 ± 0.009 M⊙). Using the photometric time series from TESS sectors 10, 36, 46, and 63 and near-infrared spectrophotometry from ExTrA, we measured a planetary radius of 0.77 ± 0.03 RJ and an orbital period of 1.52 days. With high-resolution spectroscopy taken by the CFHT/SPIRou and ESO/ESPRESSO spectrographs, we refined the host star parameters ([Fe/H] = 0.27 ± 0.12) and measured the mass of the planet (0.273 ± 0.006 MJ). Based on these measurements, TOI-4860 b joins the small set of massive planets (>80 ME) found around mid to late M dwarfs (<0.4 R⊙), providing both an interesting challenge to planet formation theory and a favourable target for further atmospheric studies with transmission spectroscopy. We identified an additional signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to an eccentric planet candidate (e = 0.66 ± 0.09) with an orbital period of 427 ± 7 days and a minimum mass of 1.66 ± 0.26 MJ, but additional data would be needed to confirm this
Distribution of branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (brGDGT) lipids from soils and sediments from the same watershed are distinct regionally (central Chile) but not globally
No full textQuantitative reconstructions of past continental climates are vital for understanding contemporary and past climate change. Branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) are unique bacterial lipids that have been proposed as universal paleothermometers due to their correlation with temperature in modern settings. Thus, brGDGTs may serve as a crucial paleotemperature proxy for understanding past climate variations and improving regional climate projections, especially in critical but under constrained regions. That said, complications can arise in their application due to varying source contributions (e.g., soils vs. peats vs. lacustrine). As such, this study investigates brGDGT distributions in Chilean lake surface sediments and corresponding watershed soils to determine the source of brGDGTs to lake sediments. Global datasets of brGDGTs in lake sediments and soils were additionally compiled for comparison. Distinct brGDGT distributions in Chilean lakes and soils indicate minimal bias from soil inputs to the lacustrine sediments as well as in situ lacustrine production of brGDGTs, which supports the use of brGDGTs in lake sediments as reliable paleotemperature proxies in the region. The ΣIIIa/ΣIIa ratio, initially promising as a brGDGT source indicator in marine settings, shows global complexities in lacustrine settings, challenging the establishment of universal thresholds for source apportionment. That said, we show that the ratio can be successfully applied in Chilean lake surface sediments. Direct comparisons with watershed soils and further research are crucial for discerning brGDGT sources in lake sediments and improving paleotemperature reconstructions on regional and global scales moving forward. Overall, this study contributes valuable insights into brGDGT variability, essential for accurate paleoreconstructions
NSD3 in cancer: Unraveling methyltransferase-dependent and isoform-specific functions
Get PDFNSD3 (nuclear receptor-binding SET domain protein 3) is a member of the NSD histone methyltransferase family of proteins. In recent years, it has been identified as a potential oncogene in certain types of cancer. The NSD3 gene encodes three isoforms, the long version (NSD3L), a short version (NSD3S) and the WHISTLE isoforms. Importantly, the NSD3S isoform corresponds to the N-terminal region of the full-length protein, lacking the methyltransferase domain. The chromosomal location of NSD3 is frequently amplified across cancer types, such as breast, lung, and colon, among others. Recently, this amplification has been correlated to a chromothripsis event, that could explain the different NSD3 alterations found in cancer. The fusion proteins containing NSD3 have also been reported in leukemia (NSD3-NUP98), and in NUT (nuclear protein of the testis) midline carcinoma (NSD3-NUT). Its role as an oncogene has been described by modulating different cancer pathways through its methyltransferase activity, or the short isoform of the protein, through protein interactions. Specifically, in this review we will focus on the functions that have been characterized as methyltransferase dependent, and those that have been correlated with the expression of the NSD3S isoform. There is evidence that both the NSD3L and NSD3S isoforms are relevant for cancer progression, establishing NSD3 as a therapeutic target. However, further functional studies are needed to differentiate NSD3 oncogenic activity as dependent or independent of the catalytic domain of the protein, as well as the contribution of each isoform and its clinical significance in cancer progression