Repositorio Institucional UCSC (Univ. Católica de la Santísima Concepción)
Not a member yet
3697 research outputs found
Sort by
Além da empatia: acolhendo a alteridade por meio da doação
No full textEl artículo recorre la discusión fenomenológica sobre la intersubjetividad desde la concepción originaria de la empatía en Husserl y Stein hasta el giro de la donación en Jean-Luc Marion. Tras exponer cómo la apercepción analógica husserliana sostiene la objetividad común, se revisan las objeciones de Levinas y Sartre, quienes muestran que la alteridad desborda la constitución del yo y exige una relación ética asimétrica. Marion radicaliza este punto al describir al rostro del otro como fenómeno saturado cuya sobreabundancia convierte al sujeto en adonado, receptor pasivo de un don que antecede a toda iniciativa. Este relevo conceptual desplaza la comunidad desde el consenso cognitivo hacia una economía de la hospitalidad, donde la responsabilidad emerge de la fidelidad al exceso del otro. El ensayo concluye que la fenomenología de la donación no sólo complementa los límites de la empatía clásica, sino que ofrece un marco para repensar la política, la justicia y la antropología desde la vulnerabilidad constitutiva de la existencia humana
Habitat Features Influence Aquatic Macroinvertebrates in the Cruces Wetland, a Ramsar Site of Southern Chile
Get PDFCoastal wetlands are highly threatened by human activities, leading to water quality degradation and biodiversity loss. This study assessed spatial variation in 27 water quality parameters, sediment organic matter, and macroinvertebrate assemblages across 12 sites in the estuarine Cruces River wetland (CRW Ramsar site, southern Chile) during summer 2019. Our analysis identified three areas of sampling stations in the wetland, categorized by trophic gradient and salinity: freshwater (n = 5), mixed (n = 3), and estuary (n = 4). Freshwater sites were characterized by low salinity, turbidity, and high nitrate concentrations. Estuarine sites were characterized by higher salinities and turbidity and low nitrates and total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations, and mixed sites had low salinities, high turbidities, high TOC, and low nitrates. Throughout the CRW, the richness and densities of different invertebrates were recorded. Freshwater stations had higher species richness, and estuary stations had higher abundance. Macroinvertebrates found in the lower reaches of the CRW included species characteristic of estuarine environments, whereas the upper stations were dominated by invertebrates inhabiting low-salinity environments. According to the ordination plot of distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) and distance-based linear model (DistLM), our results indicate that macroinvertebrate assemblages differ significantly among areas of the CRW, primarily due to physicochemical variables (i.e., salinity, total carbon, and dissolved phosphorus). Total organic matter content in sediments was higher in freshwater sites and lower in estuarine sites. Our findings will be used to monitor the wetland and implement appropriate management measures for human activities, thereby protecting and conserving the estuarine Cruces River Ramsar wetland
“Nos bastidores”: a gestão Aylwin frente à questão das Malvinas (Falklands), 1990–1994
Get PDFConsiderando los debates articulados en torno al legado internacional sudamericano de la concertación, el artículo explora el actuar de la gestión Aylwin frente a la Cuestión de las Malvinas (Falklands). En este sentido, las líneas sucesivas constatan un accionar doble por parte del mandata-rio chileno; uno público discursivo que apoyaba las aspiraciones jurídicas de Argentina en la disputa, y otro privado-práctico en el que tributaba a fortalecer la posición británica en las islas. A modo de hipótesis, sostenemos que dicha contradicción cobra sentido al alero de una visión realista de las relaciones internacionales. Para este fin, se han triangulado, por medio de un análisis de contenido cualitativo, fuentes de las cancillerías chilena y británica, que fueron a su vez complementadas con prensa y tratados internacionales
Teachers’ perceived social-emotional competence as a vital mechanism of adult SEL
Get PDFThe significance of teachers’ social and emotional functioning is gaining recognition for its links with well-being, and its relevance to teachers’ effectiveness as educators and as builders of positive relationships and classroom environments. The overarching aim of this article is to spotlight factors that contribute to adult SEL and, by extension, the thriving of students and schools. We consider the concept of perceived social-emotional competence (perceived SEC), which is teachers’ belief in their ability to effectively conduct their social-emotional interactions at work. Examination of perceived SEC among teachers is now emerging and this article provides an initial review of this work. Our discussion extends to related beliefs including social-emotional self-efficacy, social goals, and emotion mindsets, reinforcing the importance of teachers’ social-emotional beliefs. Our review highlights the connection between these different social-emotional beliefs and teachers’ functioning more broadly. The article concludes with suggested practices to support teachers’ social-emotional beliefs and underscores the need for further research in this area.
Impact Statement: Teachers’ social and emotional functioning is increasingly recognized as vital to their well-being and instructional effectiveness. This article reviews emerging research on teachers’ perceived social-emotional competence—that is, teachers’ confidence in handling work-related social-emotional experiences and interactions. It also explores other social-emotional beliefs, linking them to important work-related experiences and outcomes. Findings suggest that nurturing these beliefs may enhance teacher well-being, teaching quality, and classroom dynamics
The Projected Crime of Harassment in the Chilean Criminal Code: Justification, Legally Protected Object and Significant Typical Aspects
Get PDFEl presente trabajo se hace cargo de un delito que se encuentra contenido en el actual proyecto de Código Penal chileno, y que describe una de las formas de acoso más comunes en la actualidad: El hostigamiento, o también conocido en la doctrina y el Derecho comparados como acoso predatorio o stalking. En primer lugar, se revisará cómo la legislación chilena, en los últimos años, ha abordado el fenómeno del acoso en distintos ámbitos del Derecho, como el laboral o el penal. Luego, se analizará si es pertinente y justificada la inclusión de este delito en el Derecho positivo chileno, a la luz de algunas experiencias extranjeras, como la española. Por último, se revisará la forma en que se tipifica el hostigamiento en el proyecto, desglosando y analizando sus aspectos objetivos y subjetivos
Educational coworking as pedagogical innovation: an analysis from a gender perspective in university-school collaboration
Get PDFEl concepto de coworking educativo surge de la integración del co-teaching y el co-learning, y promueve nuevas formas de relacionar la universidad y la escuela. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las diferencias en la percepción del trabajo colaborativo entre hombres y mujeres en este contexto. La metodología empleada fue complementaria. El análisis de datos cuantitativos se realizó mediante pruebas no paramétricas y el análisis cualitativo utilizó el método del flujograma. Los participantes fueron 30 estudiantes universitarios de Pedagogía en Lenguaje y Comunicación e Inglés de una universidad de la Región del Biobío, Chile; y 65 alumnos de segundo ciclo básico de dos escuelas de las regiones de Ñuble y Biobío. Los resultados evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre estudiantes universitarios masculinos y femeninos en distintas dimensiones del trabajo colaborativo z (30) = 41.500, p < .05. Por otro lado, el análisis cualitativo realizado con los alumnos escolares demostró una valoración positiva del trabajo colaborativo entre la universidad y la escuela, y destacaron la gran calidad de las actividades realizadas con los estudiantes universitarios, independientemente de su género. En conclusión, se observa que la implementación del coworking educativo fomenta el trabajo colaborativo entre la universidad y la escuela, promueve la co-construcción de conocimiento y valora las diferencias de género como un elemento relevante para enriquecer las dinámicas pedagógicas y fortalecer la innovación educativa
Seasonal and inter-annual dynamics of a Macrocystis pyrifera forest in Concepcion Bay, Chile
Get PDFKelp forest are foundation species that deliver key ecosystem services for coastal habitats. Chile is one of the largest exporters of kelp biomass, which relies on the harvesting of wild populations. The vast and rugged coastline of Chile hinders field-based studies of the seasonal and spatial dynamics of kelp biomass, yet remote sensing approaches can provide an effective tool to study temporal patterns of kelp distribution and biomass. Our study aimed to establish the basic patterns of variation in the surface area and biomass of a Macrocystis pyrifera forest off Concepcion Bay, Central Chile. Using archival data from the Landsat series we constructed a long-term series of annual kelp canopy cover and assessed patterns of interannual, and a seasonal variation with the more recent Sentinel 2 data using Google Earth Engine. We validated satellite observations of the kelp forest in the field by recording local temperature and nutrient concentrations and through a sample of blades and stipes, which we used to estimate whole-individual in situ biomass through allometric relationships. Finally, we related decadal to interannual changes in canopy cover to local and regional drivers using data from public repositories. Our 24-year annual time series revealed large year-to-year variability in kelp forest area that did not show a significant association with different El Niño-Southern Oscillation indices, but the deviance explained increased notably with a 1-year lag. The seasonal time series exhibited clear seasonal patterns with cover peaking during summer. We found a significant influence of local environmental variables such as temperature, wave height, nitrate concentration, and solar radiation on kelp forest area. Furthermore, blade counts appeared as the most reliable metric for estimating M. pyrifera biomass. Interestingly, we found no evidence of temperature or nutrient stress during the summer biomass peak, hence seasonal variation in M. pyrifera abundance appears to be primarily influenced by solar radiation and wave activity in our study population. Our results provide a basis to derive seasonal time series across Chile’s kelp forests and suggest that understanding local stressors is key to ensure harvesting practices that promote the sustainable management of these key habitats. As ongoing climate change and overexploitation threaten kelp forest habitats, remote sensing emerges as a promising tool for the monitoring and management of extensive and remote coastlines
Corporate governance, national culture and bank performance: evidence from MENA countries
No full textPurpose
Despite global economic liberalization, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) banking sector remains uncompetitive and resistant to globalization. This study aims to extend corporate governance (CG) literature by examining the interplay between CG, national culture and bank performance, using data from listed banks in MENA countries.
Design/methodology/approach
This research analyzes 1,920 bank-year observations from 124 banks across 13 MENA countries from 2009 to 2023. National culture data was sourced from Hofstede’s index, and panel data techniques were used to account for individual heterogeneity and endogeneity issues.
Findings
Empirical results reveal that larger boards, well-structured committees with nonexecutive directors, fewer board meetings and limited involvement of independent directors significantly enhance bank performance. These governance structures align with key cultural traits such as high power distance, collectivism and uncertainty avoidance, which favor hierarchical decision-making, group consensus and stability.
Practical implications
This study provides practical insights for policymakers aiming to improve banking sector performance in MENA by aligning CG frameworks with cultural values. Recommendations include forming larger, well-structured boards and adapting decision-making processes to reflect the region’s preference for stability and collaboration. These insights can serve as a practical guide for improving governance systems in MENA and beyond.
Originality/value
While previous studies have explored the impact of CG and national culture on banking, this study is the first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to integrate both factors within the MENA context, offering a comprehensive perspective on their combined impact on bank performance
Sharing a language, sharing the argumentative attitude?
No full textIn this paper, we describe and analyze how immigrants in Chile (N = 388, from Colombia, Perú and Venezuela), conceive having a disagreement and how they value the practice of giving reasons. For this purpose, we applied a survey that measures different argumentative tendencies. For the most part, we found all three immigrant groups to be comparable in how they thought and felt about arguing, but that age and gender were structural variables that made important differences in the way people conceived the practice of giving reasons
Deterioration of Water Quality Between 2017 and 2021 in the Coronel Aquifer, Chile
No full textThe Coronel aquifer, located in Chile (36°S – 37°S), has experienced significant water quality deterioration, primarily due to environmental factors and anthropogenic pressures, including increased industrial activities, rising temperatures, and reduced precipitation. These factors synergistically contribute to higher pollutant concentrations. Fluctuations in metal ion levels, particularly total iron and total manganese, have frequently exceeded the regulatory limits for human consumption (0.3 mg L−1 and 0.1 mg L−1, respectively). In response, companies exploiting these aquifers have intensified the search for alternative water sources with better quality. This study analyzed the interannual and seasonal patterns of water quality in the Coronel aquifer, focusing on the hydrogeological sectors of common use (HSCU) in North and South Coronel, alongside hydrogeological measurements and environmental variables. The findings revealed that the North Coronel HSCU is predominantly affected by allochthonous organic pollutants (NO3−), whereas the South Coronel HSCU is impacted by metal pollutants (Fe and Mn). Metal ion concentrations exhibited pronounced interannual and seasonal dynamics, peaking during the summer when precipitation drops below 100 mm month−1 and average monthly temperatures exceed 14 °C. In contrast, NO3− levels did not demonstrate a clear interannual or seasonal pattern. The study suggests that anthropogenic pressures in both HSCU may facilitate the presence of these contaminants