Repositorio académico de acceso abierto (Univ. Autonóma de Chile)
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Los municipios mexicanos: evolución, contexto y desafíos actuales
No full textEste artículo presenta la evolución de algunos de los principales aspectos de la institución municipal en México. Además del marco legal se examinan algunas características de la administración municipal y los mecanismos de participación. El análisis subraya la importancia de los instrumentos para solucionar conflictos entre niveles de gobierno y los riesgos de volver a centralizar el poder político y las decisiones creando un desequilibrio en las relaciones intergubernamentales
Cancer risk factors and access to cancer prevention services for people experiencing homelessness
No full textCancer is one of the most pressing global health issues, and populations with complex needs, such as people experiencing homelessness, have higher cancer incidence and mortality rates compared with the housed population. We mapped the evidence on cancer risk factors as well as barriers and facilitators to cancer prevention services among people experiencing homelessness, which is key to localising research gaps and identifying strategies for tailored interventions adapted to people experiencing homelessness. The results of 40 studies contribute to an understanding of the dynamic, interactive factors at different levels that determine access to cancer prevention services: socioeconomic, psychological, and physical factors (individual level); practical support and relational loops between health-care providers and people experiencing homelessness (interpersonal level); housing and regular medical care (system level); and interventions to facilitate access to cancer prevention (policy level). Furthermore, studies reported higher prevalence of various cancer-associated risk factors among people experiencing homelessness with the most common being tobacco use, ranging from 26% to 73%. The results show the importance of interventions to facilitate cancer prevention services through social support and low-threshold interventions (eg, navigation programmes), and training health-care staff in creating supportive and trusting environments that increase the likelihood of the continuity of care among people experiencing homelessness. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseEU's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, (965351); Medizinische Universität WienUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
Treatment of Subdural Hematoma: Comparative Analysis between Subdural Drainage with Negative Pressure versus other Drainages
No full textReport the recurrence rate of negative pressure subdural drainage (NPSD) versus to other kind of drains (OD). Design and Methods: A study was conducted cross-sectional and we retrospectively analyzed on the database of the neurosurgical service and we looked for all surgical procedures recorded from January 2006 to December 2015. Procedures with preoperative diagnosis of subdural hematoma (SDH) were selected, with a to- tal of 364 interventions, were excluded patients with postoperative diagnosis different from SDH and eliminated those who did not have complete data, recurrence was identified, a statistical analysis was performed describing frequency measurements percentage and standard deviation, RM and chi- square was obtained by software EPIDAT 3.1. 277 surgeries were performed in 230 patients, The population was divided into two groups: the first those interventions with negative pressure subdural drainage versus a second group with other different drains, and finally we compared the recurrence rate in each group, 44 surgeries had recurrence of SDH. The proportion of recurrence was found 16 % of the surgeries, 16 % (n=7) of these were performed with negative pressure subdural drainage and the remaining 84 % (n=37) by other drainage. The reason for prevalence found was 0.36 (95 % CI , 0.15 to 0.85), with statistically significant differences (p = 0.0165). The chi-square was 5.75 for the SDH with NPSD. It was found that patients treated with NPSD have a lower risk of recurrence compared with OD, which acts as a protective factor for patients treated with this type of drain, this is statistically significant
Marketing Responsable: Ventaja Distintiva en la Cadena de Valor de las Organizaciones
No full textEl presente artículo se orientó al estudio del marketing responsable como ventaja distintiva en la cadena de valor de las organizaciones. En el mismo, se parte de la necesidad de adecuar a las empresas en la importancia que tiene esta actividad de las ciencias administrativas, esencialmente en el incremento teórico del valor sobre y por encima del costo inicial de sus productos como servicios. Con un amplio sustento teórico apoyado en Eguidazu (2004), García (2003), Vargas (2005), Torrecilla (2000) y Hill y Jones (2005), entre otros, categorizando el contexto, donde se supone que este enfoque del marketing se distinguen las diferentes actividades primarias y actividades de apoyo. La metodología aplicada fue descriptiva-documental. Se puede concluir, que el marketing responsable como ventaja distintiva en la cadena de valor de las organizaciones, se da gracias a una buena gestión que aplican las organizaciones, considerando cursos acción, evaluaciones y selecciones para establecer estrategias necesarias, el cual apoyan a la capacidad emprendedora dentro de la cadena de valor, así como también el trabajo altamente cualificado e innovador, articulados para una eficaz gestión responsable en las organizaciones, teniendo una visión transversal del negocio, utilizando esta renovadora tendencia del mercadeo para que actúen como herramienta en las acciones de manufactura e integridad del producto; divulgación, embalaje y etiquetado; marketing y publicidad; prácticas de venta; precios; como la distribución
Effect of 12 weeks of Judo Practice and Ball Games on Neck and Low Back Pain in Children and Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial
No full text[No abstract available]Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, CAPES; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPq, (305886/2022-3); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, CNPqUniversidad Autónoma de Chil
Success Rate of Zygomatic Implants for Rehabilitation of Severely Atrophied Maxillae: A Review of the Literature
No full textSevere resorption in the posterior maxilla sectors as a result of tooth loss along with the process of pneumatization of the maxillary sinus, difficult the prosthetic rehabilitation supported by conventional implants due to the shortage of vertical bone availability. So that over the years they have designed therapeutic alternatives to help overcome these drawbacks. The zygomatic implant was introduced in 1988 by Branemark. This implant has a design which allows it to be positioned over the ridge to the height of the first molar, reducing vestibular cantilever up to 20 % and reducing complications of peri-implant inflammation, infection and gingival hyperplasia, which may lead to perforation horizontal process of the palatine bone. The purpose of this review is to determine the success rate of zygomatic implants for rehabilitation of severely atrophied maxillae. A total of 1410 zygomatic implants and 1673 Traditional implants were included in selected articles. Of these 1410 zygomatic Implants, 365 were conventional loading and 1045 were immediately and early loading, these had a success rate of 98.3 % and 98.7 %, respectively. Of these 1673 Traditional Implants, 463 were conventional loading and 1210 were immediately and early loading, they had a success rate of 93.9 % and 97.8 %, respectively. The overall success rate of zygomatic implants and Conventional implants was 98.6 % and 96.8%, respectively. The rehabilitation of severely atrophied maxilla with fixed prosthesis immediately and conventional loaded by zygomatic implants gives excellent results in the medium term. When comparing traditional treatment modalities, proposals for prosthetic reconstruction of severely atrophied maxilla, the zygomatico implant has the highest success rate over conventional treatments
Aplicaciones de la Fotobiomodulación en Medicina y Odontología Revisadas
No full textDoes not applyNo Aplic
Trabajando por su cuenta: Comparando el autoempleo dependiente y tradicional europeo con el empleo asalariado, a través de características personales, ocupacionales y de autopercepción
No full textEste trabajo explora las características personales / familiares, ocupacionales y de autopercepción de los empleados asalariados frente a los autónomos para corroborar comparativamente si las ventajas del autoempleo tienen que ver con ciertas compensaciones intrínsecas, identificando las características claves que podrían definir a los europeos actuales. Autónomos dependientes. Se basa en el uso del modelo de regresión logística binaria y análisis multivariado. Los hallazgos revelan que las condiciones de trabajo de naturaleza casual son más desfavorables para los trabajadores por cuenta propia en comparación con las de los trabajadores asalariados; mientras que los trabajadores autónomos disfrutan de una mayor flexibilidad a la hora de decidir el calendario y el desarrollo / contenido de sus actividades, compensando su mayor precariedad con una considerable flexibilidad y autonomía. Los elementos de la compensación intrínseca se reducen considerablemente para los trabajadores autónomos dependientes, cuando se comparan las condiciones de trabajo. La originalidad de este trabajo, dada la falta de investigación en este campo, se basa en un examen comparativo de las características laborales de los trabajadores autónomos dependientes europeos del siglo XXI en el contexto todavía actual de la crisis económica
No or Low Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity: Focusing on the Least Active as an Additional Approach for Physical Activity Surveillance
No full text[No abstract available]Universidad Autónoma de Chil