Repositorio académico de acceso abierto (Univ. Autonóma de Chile)
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EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS ON BALANCE, POSTURAL STABILITY AND GENERAL MOBILITY IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE: A NETWORK METAANALYSIS
No full textObjective: To assess which type of physical exercise intervention has the most beneficial effects on balance, postural stability and general mobility in patients with Parkinson's disease. These parameters were assessed using the Activities -specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Mini -Balance Evaluation Systems Test (MiniBESTest) and Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). Design: Network meta -analysis. Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science databases were searched up to August 2022 to identify randomized controlled trials on the effects of physical exercise interventions on balance, postural stability, and general mobility. The network metaanalysis included pairwise and indirect comparisons of results on the ABC scale, BBS, MiniBESTest, and TUG across 8 categories of physical exercise. Results: Eighty-six studies with a total of 4,693 patients were included. For the ABC scale, the indirect comparison showed that the highest effect size was observed for balance vs sensorimotor training without including endurance interventions (0.62; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.06, 1.17). The highest effect sizes for BBS were observed for alternative exercises (1.21; 95% CI 0.62, 1.81), bodyweight supported (BWS) interventions (1.31; 95% CI 0.57, 2.05), dance (1.18; 95% CI 0.33, 2.03) and sensorimotor training, including endurance interventions (1.10; 95% CI 0.46, 1.75) vs control groups. Indirect comparisons showed that the highest effect size for the MiniBESTest were observed for balance (0.75; 95% CI 0.46, 1.04) and resistance (0.58; 95% CI 0.10, 1.07) vs control groups. For the TUG, comparisons showed a significant effect size for alternative exercises (-0.54; 95% CI -0.82, -0.26), balance (-0.42; 95% CI -0.75, -0.08), resistance (-0.60; 95% CI -0.89, -0.31), and sensorimotor training including endurance interventions (-0.61; 95% CI -0.95, -0.27) vs control comparisons. Conclusion: Balance interventions improve balance, postural stability, and general mobility in people with Parkinson's disease. Moreover, alternative exercises, dance, BWS interventions, resistance, and sensorimotor training, including and not including endurance interventions, are also effective.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
The Controlled Release of Abscisic Acid (ABA) Utilizing Alginate–Chitosan Gel Blends: A Synergistic Approach for an Enhanced Small-Molecule Delivery Controller
No full textThe integration of abscisic acid (ABA) into a chitosan–alginate gel blend unveils crucial insights into the formation and stability of these two substances. ABA, a key phytohormone in plant growth and stress responses, is strategically targeted for controlled release within these complexes. This study investigates the design and characterization of this novel controlled-release system, showcasing the potential of alginate–chitosan gel blends in ABA delivery. Computational methods, including molecular dynamics simulations, are employed to analyze the structural effects of microencapsulation, offering valuable insights into complex behavior under varying conditions. This paper focuses on the controlled release of ABA from these complexes, highlighting its strategic importance in drug delivery systems and beyond. This controlled release enables targeted and regulated ABA delivery, with far-reaching implications for pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and plant stress response studies. While acknowledging context dependency, the paper suggests that the liberation or controlled release of ABA holds promise in applications, urging further research and experimentation to validate its utility across diverse fields. Overall, this work significantly contributes to understanding the characteristics and potential applications of chitosan–alginate complexes, marking a noteworthy advancement in the field of controlled-release systems. © 2024 by the authors.Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo, ANID; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, FONDECYT, (1220782, 11220444, 1210107, FOVI230136)Universidad Autónoma de Chil
From “online brains” to “online lives”: understanding the individualized impacts of Internet use across psychological, cognitive and social dimensions
No full textIn response to the mass adoption and extensive usage of Internet-enabled devices across the world, a major review published in this journal in 2019 examined the impact of Internet on human cognition, discussing the concepts and ideas behind the “online brain”. Since then, the online world has become further entwined with the fabric of society, and the extent to which we use such technologies has continued to grow. Furthermore, the research evidence on the ways in which Internet usage affects the human mind has advanced considerably. In this paper, we sought to draw upon the latest data from large-scale epidemiological studies and systematic reviews, along with randomized controlled trials and qualitative research recently emerging on this topic, in order to now provide a multi-dimensional overview of the impacts of Internet usage across psychological, cognitive and societal outcomes. Within this, we detail the empirical evidence on how effects differ according to various factors such as age, gender, and usage types. We also draw from new research examining more experiential aspects of individuals’ online lives, to understand how the specifics of their interactions with the Internet, and the impact on their lifestyle, determine the benefits or drawbacks of online time. Additionally, we explore how the nascent but intriguing areas of culturomics, artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and augmented reality are changing our understanding of how the Internet can interact with brain and behavior. Overall, the importance of taking an individualized and multi-dimensional approach to how the Internet affects mental health, cognition and social functioning is clear. Furthermore, we emphasize the need for guidelines, policies and initiatives around Internet usage to make full use of the evidence available from neuroscientific, behavioral and societal levels of research presented herein. © 2024 World Psychiatric Association.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Tridimensional Plates in Mandibular Symphysis Fracture
No full textTrauma and fractures in mandibular symphysis are prevalent in our population. Surgical options used in this treatment are related to differences in osteosynthesis systems, anatomical implications, risk and cost; tridimensional plates (3D) as unique system, show a validated condition for application. this revision make an analysis of the recent studies and the application of the 3D plate in symphysis fracture
EFEITOS DO SISTEMA ELEITORAL SOBRE A REPRESENTAÇÃO POLÍTICA: A MAGNITUDE DISTRITAL DOS MUNÍCIPIOS NO BRASIL EM 2004
No full textO artigo examina os efeitos da alteração do número de vereadores nos municípios brasileiros, nas eleições de 2004, sobre a representação política. Para tanto, empregou o método experimental. Revela que esses efeitos são o aumento da desproporcionalidade do sistema eleitoral e da concentração partidária, mas em patamares que não retiram suas características fundamentais, especialmente a manutenção do multipartidarismo. Também examina a distribuição regional desses efeitos. 
Editorial: Qualitative research applied to public health: new topics and insight
No full text[No abstract available]Universidad Autónoma de Chil
El acceso a Internet como derecho fundamental: perspectivas internacionales
No full textEl siguiente artículo tiene como propósito analizar el acceso a Internet como potencial derecho fundamental (derecho humano) in statu nascendi, a raíz de opiniones y debates en la comunidad internacional y la ley en algunos de sus Estados miembros. Esta investigación es de naturaleza teórica cualitativa con diseño documental y versa sobre Derecho Internacional Público, se apoya en diferentes posturas doctrinales, constitucionales, legales y judiciales sobre el tema, para estudiar si el acceso a Internet es considerado como un interés protegido del derecho positivo en un contexto interestatal, por lo cual se diferencia a través del método comparado la cobertura que a este respecto se ha tenido en contraste con las fuentes jurídicas internas de distintos países. La conclusión fue que el acceso a debido a que algunos Estados tienen sistemas jurídicos que reconocen la protección de esta prerrogativa y al mismo tiempo, ha habido debates en la Organización de las Naciones Unidas acerca de la importancia de esta herramienta como medio para ejercer otros derechos reconocidos al ser humano. Internet tiene las características de un derecho beneficia a las personas, debido a que algunos Estados tienen sistemas jurídicos que reconocen la protección de esta prerrogativa y al mismo tiempo, ha habido debates en la Organización de las Naciones Unidas acerca de la importancia de esta herramienta como medio para ejercer otros derechos reconocidos al ser humano
Geometry optimization and UV/Vis spectra of organometallic chalcones functionalized with a benzo‐15‐crown‐5 fragment: A DFT/TD-DFT investigation
No full textIn this paper, we studied the structural and UV–visible absorption spectrum of the organometallic chalcones from ferrocene and cyrhetrene functionalized with a benzo‐15‐crown‐5 fragment. The influence of different alkali and alkaline earth metal ions on geometric structures, frontier molecular orbitals character, gap energy and electronic absorption spectra of [(η5-C5H4C(O)CH = CH-4-benzo-15-crown5)MLn] (MLn = Fe(η5-C5H5) and Re(CO)3) has been theoretically studied by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations with PBE0 and CAM-B3LYP hybrid functionals. Calculated geometric parameters of studied complexes are in good agreement with the available experimental values. The theoretical absorption spectra reproduce the main properties of the experimental spectra. Both alkali (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+ and Cs+) and alkaline-earth (Be2+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) metal ions selective complexes have been theoretically identified. The calculated values the lowest energy band (λmax) of the crown ether derivatives to the alkaline earth metal cations increases from Be, Mg, and then Ca in the complexes [2 M], indicating that these absorption bands are associated to a transition from the HOMO to LUMO transition, which is assigned to metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT). © 2023 Elsevier B.V.University of Oran; Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila, UAde
Morphological Characteristics of Prostate in Mammals
No full textThe prostate gland is present in all male mammals and its ejaculate secretion plays a direct role in female reproductive success. Despite the importance of their function, morphology and chemical nature of their secretion in non-human mammals is not described in detail in scientific literature. To better define the morphological description of this gland, quantitative methods such as stereology have allowed identification for instance, of the number and percentage of glandular cells. These analyses however, have only been described in some animals. Therefore, the aim of this review was to discuss what is known about the anatomical, histological, histochemical and stereological characteristics of mammalian prostate to provide information that could be useful in the field of production and yields of breeding animals for consumption, and to improve reproductive management in laboratory animals used as models in research
Development of a recommendation system and data analysis in personalized medicine: an approach towards healthy vascular ageing
No full textPurpose: Understanding early vascular ageing has become crucial for preventing adverse cardiovascular events. To this respect, recent AI-based risk clustering models offer early detection strategies focused on healthy populations, yet their complexity limits clinical use. This work introduces a novel recommendation system embedded in a web app to assess and mitigate early vascular ageing risk, leading patients towards improved cardiovascular health. Methods: This system employs a methodology that calculates distances within multidimensional spaces and integrates cost functions to obtain personalized optimisation of recommendations. It also incorporates a classification system for determining the intensity levels of the clinical interventions. Results: The recommendation system showed high efficiency in identifying and visualizing individuals at high risk of early vascular ageing among healthy patients. Additionally, the system corroborated its consistency and reliability in generating personalized recommendations among different levels of granularity, emphasizing its focus on moderate or low-intensity recommendations, which could improve patient adherence to the intervention. Conclusion: This tool might significantly aid healthcare professionals in their daily analysis, improving the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, JCCM; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, UCLM, (2023-GRIN-34459, PID2021-128525OB-I00, TED2021-130935B-I00); Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, UCLM; European Regional Development Fund, ERDF, (SBPLY/21/180501/000186); European Regional Development Fund, ERD