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The role of depression in the association between mobilisation timing and live discharge after hip fracture surgery: Secondary analysis of the UK National Hip Fracture Database
No full textPurpose The aim was to compare the probability of discharge after hip fracture surgery conditional on being alive and in hospital between patients mobilised within and beyond 36-hours of surgery across groups defined by depression. Methods Data were taken from the National Hip Fracture Database and included patients 60 years of age or older who underwent hip fracture surgery in England and Wales between 2014 and 2016. The conditional probability of postsurgical live discharge was estimated for patients mobilised early and for patients mobilised late across groups with and without depression. The association between mobilisation timing and the conditional probability of live discharge were also estimated separately through adjusted generalized linear models. Results Data were analysed for 116,274 patients. A diagnosis of depression was present in 8.31% patients. In those with depression, 7,412 (76.7%) patients mobilised early. In those without depression, 84,085 (78.9%) patients mobilised early. By day 30 after surgery, the adjusted odds ratio of discharge among those who mobilised early compared to late was 1.79 (95% CI: 1.56-2.05, p<0.001) and 1.92 (95% CI: 1.84-2.00, p<0.001) for those with and without depression, respectively. Conclusion A similar proportion of patients with depression mobilised early after hip fracture surgery when compared to those without a diagnosis of depression. The association between mobilisation timing and time to live discharge was observed for patients with and without depression. © 2024 Milton-Cole et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Estado periodontal del segundo molar adyacente al tercer molar mandibular
No full textThird molars have an unusual eruption pattern. Studies suggest that, due to the position and angulation of these, various pathologies could occur in the adjacent molars, such as periodontal problems and the appearance of distal caries. The objective of this work is to describe the periodontal status of mandibular second molars adjacent to mandibular third molars. For this, a descriptive transversal study was carried out. We worked with a sample of 277 patients that went to the Dental UCSG Clinic to have their third molars extracted in the period A-2018. An intraoral clinical examination was performed, and the following variables were observed: probing depth, gingival state, and presence of caries in mandibular second molars. In addition, panoramic x-rays of the patients were reviewed to determine the position of the third mandibular molar and the level of the distal bone crest of the second molars. The results showed that the depth of distal probing of the mandibular second molars were normal (from 1 to 3mm) in 31% of the cases, while in 69% depths greater than 3mm were found. Regarding the presence of bone loss, in 43% of the cases there was no loss, in 35% of the cases there was a slight loss, 22% presented moderate loss and only 1% had severe loss. The presence of mandibular third molars significantly affects the periodontal status of the adjacent second molar, which can lead to periodontal pockets, bone lossand caries in their distal area.Los terceros molares tienen un patrón de erupción inusual. Estudios sugirieron que, debido a la posición y angulación de, se pueden presentar diversas patologías en los molares adyacentes, tales como problemas periodontales y aparición de caries distales. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir el estado periodontal de los segundos molares mandibulares adyacentes a terceros molares mandibulares. Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal. Se trabajó con una muestra de 277 pacientes que acudieron a la clínica odontológica de la UCSG para realizar extracciones de terceros molares en el período A-2018. Se realizó un examen clínico intraoral en donde se observaron las siguientes variables: profundidad de sondaje, estado gingival y presencia de caries en segundos molares mandibulares. Además, se revisó las radiografías panorámicas de los pacientes para determinar la posición del tercer molar mandibular y el nivel de la cresta ósea distal de los segundos molares. Los resultados mostraron que la profundidad del sondaje por distal de los segundos molares mandibulares revisados fue normal (de 1 a 3mm) en el 31% de los casos, en tanto que en el 69% se encontraron profundidades mayores a 3mm. Con respecto a la presencia de pérdida ósea en estas piezas, en el 43% de los casos no hubo pérdida, en el 35% de los casos hubo pérdida leve, el 22% presentó pérdida moderada y solo un 1% tuvo pérdida severa. La presencia de terceros molares mandibulares afecta de forma significativa el estado periodontal del segundo molar adyacente, pudiendo generar bolsas periodontales, pérdidas óseas y caries en la zona distal de estos
Relación entre acreditación institucional y retención de primer año, de las universidades estatales en Chile, cohorte 2012-2016
No full textEsta investigación analiza la relación entre los años de acreditación institucional de las universidades estatales en Chile y la retención de los estudiantes de primer año. Para este efecto se desarrolla un marco conceptual que vincula ambas variables y luego se analiza la pertinencia de la hipótesis usada, trabajando con una muestra compuesta por las 16 universidades estatales chilenas. Los resultados muestran que, a mayores años de acreditación, es mayor el porcentaje de retención de los alumnos de primer año. Por ende, se concluye que existe una relación de causalidad entre los años de acreditación y la retención de los alumnos de primer año, en las universidades estatales chilenas
El complejo dinamismo del Derecho de Familia en Chile. Reseña del libro de Castillo Saldías, Alicia: Manual práctico de Derecho de Familia. Santiago, Editorial Metropolitana, 2019, 308 pp.
No full textEl derecho en sus distintas áreas va cambiando para lograr ajustarse a las situaciones que la sociedad demanda, lo que en el caso del derecho de familia cobra especial relevancia considerando las grandes reformas que se han implementado en los últimos quince años y asimismo, de lo evidenciable de las reformas en el cambio de vida de las personas. De la reforma a la regulación del matrimonio, hasta la introducción del acuerdo de unión civil en el año 2016, las leyes se han ido ajustando, intentando mantener cierta armonía, tarea compleja considerando las múltiples normas que se utilizan en el diario para resolver conflictos de tal naturaleza y es precisamente en ello en la que este libro brinda gran ayuda
Leveraging Digital Payment Adoption Experience to Advance the Development of Digital-Only (Neo) Banks: Role of Trust, Risk, Security, and Green Concern
No full textThe neobanking and Banking as a Service (BaaS) model implementation by financial service organizations and FinTech firms require wide-ranging acceptance of digital payment systems. Given the development of digital-only (neo) banking at nascent stages, especially in developing economies, there is a need to understand their potential adoption by the customers. In this article, we investigate antecedents to customer's intention to adopt digital-only banks based on their adoption experience with the existing digital payment platforms. From a novel perspective on digital-only banking, this research advances the extant literature on digital financial services by synergistically combining the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology theory and the factors namely attitude, trust, risk, security, and green concern. The structural equation model based on a cross-sectional sample found that the behavioral intention to adopt digital-only banks is significantly influenced by effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, performance expectancy, and social influence, in addition to attitude, trust, perceived risk, perceived security, and green concern. This study adds to the growing theoretic debate in the field by stressing the significance of examining given contextual factors in addition to previously established theories for studying purely digital services. The managers can draw upon the findings for leading the way to the wide-ranging implementation of BaaS. © 1988-2012 IEEE
El consumo sustentable: un principio implícito en el sistema chileno de consumo
No full textThe Chilean Consumer Protection Law does not mention sustainable consumption as an explicit principle. In this context, the objective of this work lies in investigating its possible validity as a general principle of consumer law in Chile. The research managed to prove the initial hypothesis that postulated the legal effectiveness of sustainable consumption as a general principle of consumer law. In fact, from the use of the dogmatic methodology, it was concluded that its validity can also be derived from a harmonious and systematic interpretation of the principles and rules that the Chilean legal system actually contains. Specifically, the normative effectiveness of sustainable consumption can be derived from two ways within the techniques of legal positivism. The first of them consists of a concretization of general principles, which, in the 140hypothesis sustainable generalizationpresented, consumption made fromwould as specificcorrespond a general manifestations.to principle pro natura would Theandlatterpro be homine obtained wouldbeSecondly, from rooted a in the consecration of basic consumer rights, the discipline of information and advertising, as well as the establishment of mechanisms to extend the durability of goods. © 2024 Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Peru. All rights reserved.Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Utilización de láser diodo en el tratamiento de la Peri-implantitis. : Reporte de 3 casos
No full textLos implantes dentales se utilizan ampliamente para el reemplazo de dientes y se han convertido en el "estándar de oro" de las terapias protésicas en odontología. Dado el mayor uso de estos, las investigaciones epidemiológicas recientes han mostrado altas tasas de prevalencia de enfermedad periimplantaria. En el presente estudio se presentan tres casos clínicos diagnosticados de periimplantitis. Todos los casos presentaron mayor profundidad al sondaje periimplantario en relación a controles previos, supuración, sangrado y pérdida ósea confirmada por tomografía computarizada de haz cónico. El tratamiento indicado para todos los casos fue un joint therapy between a mechanical ultrasound treatment with the use of plastic tips (P.I EMS®, Switzerland) and laser therapy. For laser therapy, a 940 nm diode laser equipment was used (Biolase®, USA) with a power of 2W in continuous laser beam mode, using a 300 µm tip. The diode laser does not damage the titanium surface and is capable of decontaminating the rough surfaces of the implants. In this report, the use of a combined mechanical and laser therapy was effective in all cases. In clinical controls, the peri-implant mucosa did not show signs of suppuration or bleeding, and the depth on probing was decreased. The bone level was controlled through a cone beam computed tomography and no significant changes were evidenced. At present, the clinical evidence for peri-implant treatment using phototherapy is still limited. However, the laser offers a novel technical approach that is completely different from mechanical instruments and has several beneficial effects, so it can play an important role in the resolution of peri-implantitis.Los implantes dentales son ampliamente usados para el reemplazo de piezas dentarias y se han convertido en el “gold standard” de las terapias protésicas en odontología. Dado el mayor uso de éstos, las investigaciones epidemiológicas recientes han demostrado elevadas tasas de prevalencia de enfermedad periimplantaria. En el presente estudio se presentan tres casos clínicos diagnosticados con periimplantitis. Todos los casos presentaron aumento de la profundidad al sondaje periimplantario en relación a controles anteriores, supuración, sangramiento al sondaje y pérdida ósea confirmada a través de tomografía computada cone beam. El tratamiento indicado para todos los casos fue una terapia conjunta entre un tratamiento mecánico mediante ultrasonido con la utilización de puntas plásticas (P.I EMS®, Suiza) y la terapia con láser. Para la laserterapia se utilizó un equipo de láser diodo de 940 nm (Biolase®, USA) con una potencia de 2 W en modo CW, utilizando una punta de 300 µm. El láser de diodo no daña la superficie de titanio y es capaz de descontaminar las superficies rugosas de los implantes. En este reporte, el uso de una terapia combinada mecánica y láser fue efectiva en todos los casos. En los controles clínicos, la mucosa periimplantaria no presentó signos de supuración ni sangramiento, y la profundidad al sondaje también se vió disminuída. El nivel óseo se controló a través de una tomografía computada cone beam y no se evidenciaron cambios significativos. En la actualidad, la evidencia clínica para el tratamiento periimplantario mediante la fototerapia todavía es limitada. Sin embargo, el láser ofrece un enfoque técnico novedoso que es completamente diferente de los instrumentos mecánicos y tiene varios efectos beneficiosos, por lo que puede desempeñar un papel importante, en la resolución de la peri-implantitis.
Frailty, Seasonal Sensitivity and Health-related Quality of Life in Older People Living in High Southern Latitudes: a Bayesian Analysis
No full textBackground In older people, a notable research gap exists regarding the intricate dynamics between frailty, seasonal sensitivity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to determine the association between frailty, seasonal sensitivity, and HRQoL in older people from high southern latitudes. Methods A cross-sectional observational study was conducted. Frailty, seasonal sensitivity, and HRQoL measurements were self-reported by participants through questionnaires. A total of 118 older people were recruited from a local community. The participants were selected through intentional non-probabilistic sampling. Results The adjusted models showed a trend where lower education was associated with a higher risk of frailty (BF = 0.218). For frailty and HRQoL, we observed a trend suggesting that HRQoL decreases with increasing severity of frailty (BF = 1.76). In addition, we observed a linear effect based on the severity of seasonal sensitivity, meaning that older people with higher perceived severity report a proportional decrease in HRQoL (BF = 6.66). Conclusion Sociodemographic factors, such as lower education levels, have increased the risk of frailty. At the same time, frailty and seasonal sensitivity perceived severity were associated with a lower HRQoL in older people. © 2024 Author(s).Universidad Autónoma de Chil
Weak Areas of the Pharyngoesophageal Narrowing (Pharyngoesophageal Union): Anatomic Description and Implication on the Development of Pharyngoesophageal Diverticulum
No full textIn the pharyngoesophageal narrowing ("pharyngoesophageal junction") there is a difference between the smooth and striated pharynx and esophagus, identifying points of weakness where pharyngoesophageal diverticula originate. In 1874 Albert von Zenker along with Ziemssen presented the first scientific publication on these diverticula. The aim of this work is to perform a surgical anatomical description and demonstration of the weak areas of the pharyngoesophageal narrowing ("pharyngo-esophageal junction") and its implication in the "Zenker diverticulum." We dissected Caucasian adult cadavers, in 5% formaldehyde and researched the pharyngoesophageal region with a review of the literature. In one case a markedly weak area was located presenting a true hernial sac. From the anatomo-surgical study of pharyngoesophageal narrowing ("pharyngeal esophageal junction") we observed the "weak pharyngoesophageal areas" in the pharynx, represented by a pharyngooesophageal diamond. It is crossed transversely by cricopharyngeal portion of the inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx, and divides into two triangles, an upper, the "Killian Triangle" and a lower, "or Lannier Laimer Triangle Hackermann". Zenker's diverticulum originates from the "Killian Triangle" area of major weakness of the pharyngoesophageal narrowing ("pharyngoesophageal junction"). For its part, the lower triangle, "Laimer Triangle or Lannier Hackermann" where diverticula is rarely formed, because the space is occupied by a layer of circular fibers. The "Zenker diverticulum" represents 60-65% of all esophageal diverticula, and treatment is exclusively surgical. In order to understand and adequately treat this disease, specific knowledge of the anatomy of the area is necessary
Assessing the electronic properties of bimetallic complexes with N-M-N-M cycle (M = Ag, Au and Cu)
No full textThis work is a theoretical study of the electronic properties of the reported bimetallic complexes M2(Ms(CH2SCN)3)2 (where M = Cu+, Ag+, Au+) coordinate with Ms(CH2SCN)3 ligand acting simultaneously as a bidentate chelate and bridge. The electronic properties were studied using reactivity indexes, Fukui function, NICS indexes showing that the metal is susceptible to a nucleophilic attack, whereas the nitrogen and sulfur ligand are susceptible to an electrophilic attack, and that the Phenyl ring aromaticity does not change with the metallic size. The absorption properties were studied via TD-DFT methods incorporating the relativistic scalar and spin–orbit correction. The most intense transitions are mainly localized in the visible region of the spectrum with a Metal to Ligand Charge Transfer (MLCT) character. The metal/ligand interactions were studied via the Morokuma-Ziegler decomposition scheme and Natural Orbital of Chemical Valence (NOCV). The three complexes might act as photocatalyst due to their visible light absorption observed transitions. © 2024 Elsevier B.V