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How does the neighborhood of annual or perennial species affect the first one hundred days of the establishment of grasses?
Get PDFPastures that include annual and perennial grasses can play a strategic role in increasing the sustainability of temperate livestock systems. However, the impacts of the competition between annual and perennial genetically improved forage species on pastures has scarcely been studied. We evaluated the early dynamics of tillering, carbon partitioning and both intra- and interspecific competition in – or between – an annual (Bromus willdenowii; prairie grass; Bw) and a perennial (Dactylis glomerata; orchard grass; Dg) C3 grass species. We sowed 24 0.18 m2 microplots in May 2008. Each microplot constituted an experimental unit and contained five sowing lines spaced 0.175 m apart. On three of the lines, we sowed different combinations of the mentioned grasses, while on the two lines between them, we sowed red clover (Trifolium pratense). We randomly applied a factorial array of eight treatments—2 species (Dg vs. Bw) × 2 types of competition (intra vs. interspecific) × 2 levels of winter nitrogen fertilization (0 vs. 170 kg of N ha-1)—designed in three complete random blocks. Fertilization did not have any significant effect on any species. The evaluation period lasted 109 days after sowing (das), separated into three phases (0-53 das, 59-90 das and 90-109 das). The variables recorded were aerial biomass (leaves, sheets and senescent material), root biomass and tiller density per species. As expected, annual Bw inhibited the growth of perennial Dg at the latest stage of establishment but surprisingly promoted it at the earliest stage. This work suggested that a low initial density of an annual species should optimize the initial facilitating effect of the annual species on the perennial species with its subsequent inhibitory effect
Marker Assisted Selection of Fhb1 Gene for Scab Resistance (FHB) and Evaluation of FHB Resistance in Field in 4 Wheat F2 Populations Derived from H140-2
Get PDFFusarium head blight (FHB), is a fungal disease threatening wheat production and food security. Fhb1, the most potent anti-FHB gene, is widely used in wheat breeding. However, few varieties are highly resistant to FHB. It is thus critical to develop FHB-resistant cultivars using the appropriate genes. In this study, we identified an FHB-resistant germplasm, H140-2 carrying Fhb1. Thereafter, to accelerate the development of the FHB-resistant cultivar, H140-2 was crossed with Chuannong 30, Chuannong 32, and Chuannong 42. The diagnostic marker, TaHRC-GSM, of Fhb1 was employed in the F2 and F2:3 populations obtained from the aforementioned three crosses to identify FHB-resistant germplasms. The results demonstrated that Fhb1 could reduce the percentage of Fusarium-damaged kernels (PFDK) and improve wheat FHB resistance. To screen FHB-resistant lines with greater yield potential, we also evaluated grain weight per spike (GWS) and overall FHB resistance in the F2 and F2:3 populations. Finally, we selected six FHB-resistant lines with the highest GWS values and Fhb1, especially L6 with a similar GWS and a lower PFDK value at 1.5% compared to CN32, which will play a key role in wheat breeding practice. These findings illustrated that the diagnostic marker, TaHRC-GSM, as well as the entire FHB resistance evaluation process can be used to successfully screen FHB-resistant wheat lines, laying the foundation for FHB resistance improvement
Variations in the Mineral Profiles of the Micellar and Water-Soluble Fractions of Goat Milk between the First and Second Lactations
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to determine the variations in the mineral profile of the micellar and water-soluble fractions of goat milk between the first and second lactations. Twenty Saanen dairy goats in their first (n=10) or second lactation (n=10) were randomly selected for this trial. Milk samples were obtained monthly from all the animals for seven months. The concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorous (P), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), nickel (Ni), cadmium (Cd), and arsenic (As) in both the water-soluble and micellar fractions were analyzed. Na, Mg, Zn, K, and As were positively correlated with both total milk production and lactation days in the first-lactation dairy goats (r>0.9; p<0.05). For the second-lactation goats, Ca, Se, and P had negative correlation coefficients with days in lactation (r<-0.75; p<0.05). Overall, the mineral contents in the micellar and water-soluble fractions of first- and second-lactation goats varied throughout lactation. The concentrations of essential elements in the milk of goats from the first and second births did not significantly differ. The distribution of essential and toxic minerals in the micellar and aqueous fractions found in goat milk is important for identifying the fraction with the highest percentage of recorded concentration of a particular mineral, especially toxic ones. For example, the content of arsenic in goat milk was above the international standard allowed for drinking water (10 µg L-1), which is important for monitoring the quality and safety of goat milk
Autoridade médica em grupos antivacina no WhatsApp no Brasil
No full textIn this article, we analyze how medical authority is used in the production and legitimization of anti-vaccine opinions in Brazilian WhatsApp groups, from July 20, 2022 to July 31, 2023 by searching for descriptors related to the topic of vaccines, which led to the identification of five anti-vaccine groups in this application. Using grounded theory methodology, we conducted an analysis of the key tactical and discursive articulations around healthcare professionals, reflected in 945 messages shared in these groups. In this analysis, we found that medical authority is primarily used to support opinions against the safety and efficacity of vaccines, to glorify anti-vaccination doctors and to oppose physicians with positions other than those of the antivaccination movement. The analysis thus shows that these groups maintain a dubious relationship with medical authority, which challenged in the process of forming and consolidating the beliefs and opinions on health shared there. In this context, we observed that users perceive the antivaccination groups studied here as safe spaces for finding and recommending doctors who share antivaccination views, reinforcing the scenario of misinformation based on medical authority in the contemporary era.En este artículo analizamos cómo la autoridad médica es utilizada en la producción y legitimación de opiniones antivacunas en grupos brasileños de WhatsApp, del 20 de julio de 2022 al 31 de julio de 2023, buscando descriptores asociados con el tema de vacunas, lo que resultó en la identificación de cinco grupos antivacunas en esta aplicación. Utilizando el método de la teoría fundamentada, realizamos un análisis de las principales articulaciones tácticas y discursos en torno a los profesionales médicos en 945 mensajes compartidos en estos grupos. A partir de este análisis observamos que la autoridad médica se utiliza, principalmente, para sustentar opiniones contra la seguridad y la eficacia de las vacunas, exaltar a los médicos antivacunas, así como oponerse a los médicos con posiciones diferentes al movimiento antivacunas. Por lo tanto, el análisis señala que estos grupos mantienen una relación ambigua con la autoridad médica, que es cuestionada en el proceso de formación y solidificación de las creencias y opiniones sobre la salud que allí se comparten. En este contexto, observamos que los usuarios perciben a los grupos antivacunas aquí investigados como espacios seguros para buscar y recomendar médicos que comparten percepciones antivacunas, potenciando el escenario de desinformación basada en la autoridad médica en la época contemporánea.Neste artigo, analisamos como a autoridade médica é acionada na produção e legitimação de opiniões antivacina em grupos brasileiros do WhatsApp, no período de 20 de julho de 2022 a 31 de julho de 2023. Para tanto, realizamos uma busca por descritores associados ao tema das vacinas, o que resultou na identificação de cinco grupos antivacina nesse aplicativo de troca de mensagens. Utilizando o método da Teoria Fundamentada, realizamos uma análise das principais articulações táticas e discursivas em torno de profissionais da medicina, evidenciadas em 945 mensagens compartilhadas nesses grupos. A partir dessa análise, observamos que a autoridade médica é acionada, principalmente, para embasar opiniões contra a segurança e eficácia das vacinas; para exaltar médicos antivacinação, assim como para se opor a médicos com posicionamentos diferentes do movimento antivacina. A análise aponta, portanto, que esses grupos mantêm uma relação dúbia com a autoridade médica, a qual é posta em questão no processo de formação e solidificação das crenças e opiniões sobre saúde ali compartilhadas. Nesse contexto, observamos que os usuários percebem os grupos antivacinação aqui pesquisados como espaços seguros para a busca e recomendação de médicos que compartilham percepções antivacina, potencializando o cenário de desinformação embasada na autoridade médica na contemporaneidade
Alfabetização publicitária e autopercepção corporal dos adolescentes diante do marketing de influenciadores
No full textIn today's society, people are increasingly conscious of their bodies, and marketers are well aware of this fact. As a result, influencers have started to include body-related content in their posts, especially when promoting fashion, food, cosmetics, beauty or fitness brands. This, and the influence that influencers' lifestyles have on users' body image, calls for a closer look at measures that can protect the public, especially young people, from the effects of these posts, which often blur the lines between organic and sponsored content. This study raises the possibility that one of these filters to protect this age group from sponsored content from influencers exploiting the image argument is their level of advertising literacy. Based on a survey applied to 1,055 adolescents aged 11 to 17 between April and June, 2022, living in Spain, a significant relationship was found between adolescents' concern about their body image and their level of advertising literacy in the face of these contents, especially in setting goals to achieve the perfect body and the importance of physical appearance in their self-perception. The gender, age and socioeconomic status of the respondents lead to nuances in the results. The discussion here is relevant for companies that include influencers in their marketing strategies, families, educators and public administrations.In today's society, people are increasingly conscious of their bodies, and marketers are well aware of this fact. As a result, influencers have started to include body-related content in their posts, especially when promoting fashion, food, cosmetics, beauty or fitness brands. This, and the influence that influencers' lifestyles have on users' body image, calls for a closer look at measures that can protect the public, especially young people, from the effects of these posts, which often blur the lines between organic and sponsored content. This study raises the possibility that one of these filters to protect this age group from sponsored content from influencers exploiting the image argument is their level of advertising literacy. Based on a survey applied to 1,055 adolescents aged 11 to 17 between April and June, 2022, living in Spain, a significant relationship was found between adolescents' concern about their body image and their level of advertising literacy in the face of these contents, especially in setting goals to achieve the perfect body and the importance of physical appearance in their self-perception. The gender, age and socioeconomic status of the respondents lead to nuances in the results. The discussion here is relevant for companies that include influencers in their marketing strategies, families, educators and public administrations.Na sociedade atual, as pessoas estão cada vez mais conscientes do seu corpo, e os profissionais de marketing estão bem cientes deste facto. Consequentemente, os influenciadores começaram a incorporar conteúdos relacionados com o corpo nas suas publicações, sobretudo quando promovem marcas de moda, alimentação, cosmética, beleza ou fitness. Isto, juntamente com a incidência que os estilos de vida dos influenciadores têm na imagem corporal dos utilizadores, exige um olhar mais atento às medidas que podem proteger o público, especialmente os jovens, do impacto destas publicações, que muitas vezes, confundem as linhas entre o conteúdo orgânico e o patrocinado. Este estudo levanta a possibilidade de que um desses filtros para proteger essa faixa etária do conteúdo patrocinado de influenciadores que exploram o argumento da imagem seja o seu nível de alfabetização publicitária. Através de um inquérito aplicado a 1055 adolescentes dos 11 aos 17 anos, residentes em Espanha entre abril e junho de 2022, foi possível verificar a relação significativa entre a preocupação dos adolescentes com a sua imagem corporal e o seu nível de alfabetização publicitária quanto a esses conteúdos, especialmente no estabelecimento de metas para alcançar o corpo perfeito e a importância da aparência física na sua autopercepção. O gênero, a idade e o estatuto socioeconômico dos inquiridos introduzem nuances nos resultados. A discussão aqui apresentada é relevante para empresas que incluem influenciadores nas suas estratégias de marketing, famílias, educadores e administrações públicas
Séries de ficção ibero-americanas na Netflix: Radiografia de um espaço audiovisual
No full textIn the current television landscape, the production of television series by peripheral markets and the international distribution of content through the streaming service Netflix increase the potential of the Ibero-American audiovisual market. This research seeks to examine Netflix’s original television series in Ibero-America in the post-pandemic period from a transnational perspective. To this end, a qualitative methodology based on the documentary analysis of primary and secondary sources will be applied, drawing on television studies and new media. The results make it possible to quantify and compare the production and co-production of television series (2020-2023), determine the production and narrative characteristics of the projects produced in 2023 and identify their reception, popularity and travel opportunities between countries inside and outside Ibero-America. The conclusions show a steady but heterogeneous growth of Netflix television series in Ibero-American market, with different levels of investment and reception of the projects from each country. However, the totality of productions has a repetitive format and gender, consumption is generally modest, and market penetration is evident, especially in Ibero-American countries.En el panorama televisivo contemporáneo, la producción de series de ficción en mercados periféricos y la distribución internacional del contenido local a través del servicio de streaming de Netflix aumenta la potencialidad del mercado audiovisual iberoamericano. Esta investigación busca examinar las series de ficción original de Netflix en Iberoamérica durante el periodo postpandemia con una perspectiva transnacional. Para ello, desde el alcance de los estudios televisivos y los nuevos medios, se aplica una metodología cualitativa basada en el análisis documental de fuentes primarias y secundarias. Los resultados permiten cuantificar y comparar la producción y coproducción de ficción seriada y su evolución (2020-2023), determinar las características de producción y narrativas de los proyectos producidos en 2023, y conocer su recepción, popularidad y viajabilidad entre países dentro y fuera de Iberoamérica. Se constata un crecimiento constante pero heterogéneo de estas series en el mercado iberoamericano, con diferentes grados de inversión y recepción de los proyectos de los distintos países. No obstante, el conjunto de las producciones responde a un formato y a un género reiterativos, un consumo modesto en términos generales y una penetración patente, especialmente en los países de Iberoamérica.No panorama televisivo contemporâneo, a produção de séries de ficção em mercados periféricos e a distribuição internacional de conteúdos locais através do serviço de streaming Netflix aumenta o potencial do mercado audiovisual ibero-americano. O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é examinar as séries de ficção originais da Netflix na Ibero-América durante o período pós-pandémico a partir de uma perspectiva transnacional. Para isso, a partir do âmbito dos estudos sobre televisão e novas mídias, aplica-se uma metodologia qualitativa baseada na análise documental de fontes primárias e secundárias. Os resultados permitem quantificar e comparar a produção e coprodução de ficção seriada e a sua evolução (2020-2023), determinar as características produtivas e narrativas dos projetos produzido no ano de 2023, e conhecer a sua recepção, popularidade e transitabilidade entre países dentro e fora da Ibero-América. Conclui-se um crescimento constante, mas heterogêneo das séries de ficção da Netflix no mercado ibero-americano, com diferentes graus de investimento e recepção dos projetos de diferentes países. No entanto, o conjunto de produções responde a um formato e gênero repetitivos, a um consumo modesto em termos gerais e a uma clara penetração, especialmente nos países ibero-americanos
Reporting stress in simultaneous interpreting. The analysis of trainee interpreters’ retrospective reports and outputs
No full textThe aim of this study is to determine the sources of stress for trainee interpreters and the coping strategies and/or stress-prevention strategies they adopt. It relies on retrospective protocols of trainees, in which they report stress experienced during simultaneous interpreting task. The study also triangulates process analysis (data in the form of retrospective protocols) with product analysis (manual comparison of source and target texts) to findout whether the stress reported during retrospection affects the product. The segments in which participants reported stress are analysed in search of 3 types of disfluencies: anomalous pauses exceeding 2 seconds, hesitation markers and false starts. The analysis also aims at investigating the relation between stress and directionality. The results show that the majority of target-text segments in which trainees reported having experienced stress are marked by disfluencies. The most frequently mentioned stressors are the delivery rate of the speaker, lexical search under time pressure, and interpreting failure in the preceding part of the text. Trainees have been found to cope with stress in most cases adopting the economy of expression strategies. These types of strategies were also adopted as stress prevention mechanisms. Another finding of the study reveals that stress is reported considerably more frequently in the retour than in the native
Poner el cuerpo en el poema: crítica, traducción y traducción crítica en la obra de William Rowe
No full textEn este artículo dilucidamos en qué consiste la poética radical propuesta por el crítico, poeta y traductor William Rowe a partir de su libro Hacia una poética radical. Ensayos de hermenéutica cultural (1996). Proponemos que esta poética es inherentemente crítica, y esta crítica, basada en la experiencia del poema, entiende la escritura como un fenómeno heteroglósico que abarca varias voces y lenguajes, no sólo en el sentido lingüístico sino, sobre todo, cultural. Una lectura de su última traducción de Trilce de César Vallejo, en coautoría con Helen Dimos, nos sirve para ilustrar esta mirada crítica que, en este caso, funciona a nivel productivo, puesto que los traductores presentan unas glosas que expanden, problematizan y dilatan la experiencia de leer Trilce. Nos preguntamos: ¿Cómo hacer crítica siendo ella misma una práctica cultural que aspira a darle un sentido a obras que se mueven en los límites de la semiótica? ¿Cómo hacer lecturas y traducciones radicales de poéticas radicales? Nuestro objetivo es demostrar que Rowe no sólo propone una poética radical en sus lecturas críticas, sino que estas glosas, en tanto práctica de traducción crítica, ponen el cuerpo del lector entre el poema, su traducción, su expansión crítica y su propia lectura, haciendo que tanto el acto creador, como el crítico, traductor y lector sean una experiencia inventiva que, en diálogo, atraviesa la textualidad creando campos de sentido
Ciudades posibles [Cidades possíveis]: Urbanismo, teatro de rua e performance. Metodologia de pesquisa prática para espaços urbanos.
No full textThe present research proposes a practical methodology for analysis and experimentation in the creation of contemporary street theater. Aiming to study space through street performing arts, a theoretical framework for street theater is proposed, primarily centeredon the studies conducted by André Carreira and his concept of city theater. Additionally, works from Marxist urbanism (Lefebvre) are incorporated to understand the phenomenon ofthe city and its explicit and implicit issues. Simultaneously, from the perspective of performance studies, the emphasis is placed on stage and performative experiences thattake place in the city. Approached from practice as research, these three facets—street theater, urbanism, and performance—advocate for an approach to street performanceswhose ultimate goal is to make the relationship between body, city, and artistic practice indivisible and to establish a critical view of the spaces intended for intervention. Finally,three fundamental concepts/procedures of the methodological proposal emerge from this research: Inhabit, Intervene, and Modify.La presente investigación propone una metodología práctica de análisis y experimentaciónpara la creación de teatro callejero contemporáneo. Con el objetivo de estudiar el espaciopor medio de las artes escénicas callejeras, se plantea un marco teórico de estudios deteatro callejero, centrado principalmente en los trabajos realizados por André Carreira y suconcepto de teatro de ciudad. Además, se toman estudios de urbanismo marxista (Lefebvre)para comprender el fenómeno de la ciudad y sus problemáticas explicitas e implicitas. Almismo tiempo, bajo la óptica de los estudios de performance, se busca hacer énfasis en lasexperiencias escénicas y performativas que se instalan en la ciudad. Así, abordadas desde lapractica como investigación, estas tres aristas - teatro callejero, urbanismo y performance -propugnan un acercamiento a las creaciones escénicas en la calle cuyo fin último es volverindivisible la relación entre cuerpo, ciudad y práctica artísticas e instalar una mirada críticasobre los espacios en los que se quiere intervenir. Finalmente, de esta investigación sedesprenden tres conceptos/procedimientos bases de la propuesta metodológica: Habitar,Intervenir y Modificar.A presente pesquisa propõe uma metodologia prática de análise e experimentação para a criação de teatro de rua contemporâneo. Com o objetivo de estudar o espaço por meio de artes cénicas de rua, é proposto um referencial teórico do teatro de rua, focado principalmente nos estudos realizados por André Carreira e seu conceito de teatro de cidade. Além disso, são incorporados estudos de urbanismo marxista (Lefebvre) para compreender o fenómeno da cidade e suas problemáticas explicitas e implícitas. Ao mesmo tempo, sob a ótica dos estudos de performance, busca-se enfatizar as experiências cénicas e performativas que se instalam na cidade. Assim, abordadas a partir da prática como pesquisa, essas três arestas —teatro de rua, urbanismo e performance — propõem uma aproximação as criações cénicas nas ruas com objetivo de tornar indivisível a relação entre corpo, cidade e prática artística, além de instalar um olhar crítico sobre os espaços que queremos intervir. Finalmente, desta pesquisa emergem três conceitos/procedimentos fundamentais da proposta metodológica: Habitar, Intervir e Modificar
CHILE. Ministerio del Interior -Noticia- Se realiza servicio de acción de gracias de las iglesias evangélicas. El ministro del interior señala que la principal riqueza del país es la diversidad, promoviendo el respeto irrestricto a la libertad de culto y a la libertad religiosa.
No full textCHILE. Ministerio del Interior -Noticia- Se realiza servicio de acción de gracias de las iglesias evangélicas. El ministro del interior señala que la principal riqueza del país es la diversidad, promoviendo el respeto irrestricto a la libertad de culto y a la libertad religiosa. Agregó que las iglesias evangélicas y protestantes forman parte relevante de la sociedad y han sido una gran contribución para llevar adelante iniciativas de carácter social. El secretario de estado destacó que este compromiso se ha traducido en acciones concretas para garantizar que todas las chilenas y chilenas puedan profesar su fe sin temor a ser discriminados o excluidos.
Fuente: https://www.interior.gob.cl/noticias/2025/09/15/ministro-elizalde-tras-servicio-de-accion-de-gracias-de-las-iglesias-evangelicas-la-diversidad-es-la-principal-riqueza-de-chile