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Seasonal Events in February
Get PDFtext紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin PaperFebruary marks the beginning of spring on the solar calendar. Though we can still feel the cold, we can also sense a hint of spring. Setsubun, a day before Risshun, is a traditional event to welcome spring. This event originated in ancient China. Classic waka poems describe how the plum blossoms bloom and release their scent to express their presence as the signal of spring. Modern Japan established new events alongside ancient Chinese events like Valentine's Day and Ehomaki. Despite its European origins, commercial strategies have made Valentine's Day more like Japanese customs and values. It is because of the transformation that it has taken root, similar to the seasonal events that Japan historically adopted from China. Unlike in the pre-modern period, there is no apparent acceptance from the ruling class to the populace in modern Japan. The Japanese government created National Foundation Day based on history and mythology. This political holiday distinguishes February from other months. Historical memories tinged the holiday with prewar and wartime militarism. On this day in the past, households used to hoist the national flag, although we rarely see it today. The general population appears to regard it as a holiday that does nothing in particular. Through advertising and detailed instructions, sales promotions stimulate event participation. They prepare and sell the commodities required for the events. The relationship between an event and commercial activity influences how people view it and whether or not they will pass it down to future generations.departmental bulletin pape
Inventory data of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) permanent plot on spacing effect in Utsunomiya University Forests at Funyu (IV)
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EXAMINING CHANGE OF PROPORTIONAL REASONING IN THE SECOND GRADE CHILDREN BEFORE AND AFTER THE LEARNING OF MULTIPLICATION
Get PDFtext紀要論文 / Departmental Bulletin PaperThe purpose of this paper is to examine the characteristics and changes in proportional reasoning of children in the second grade of elementary school through a comparison of their answers to written problems that were posed before (1st semester) and after (3rd semester) the learning of whole-number multiplication. According to the children's thinking strategies summarized, the use of multiplication increased, such that almost all of the children used multiplication for the "per 1" question in which "price per 1 egg" was stated. In order to examine the changes in the children in more detail, we identified the correctand-incorrect-response patterns in the 1st semester, and created profiles of problem-solving in the 1st and 3rd semesters for the children who belonged to each pattern. The profiles showed that the thinking strategies used by the children and the use of the learned multiplication methods differed in some aspects of each pattern. These results suggest that the differences in proportional reasoning that children are developing at the time are intricately intertwined with the further development of their proportional reasoning through the learning of multiplication.departmental bulletin pape