SCTIMST DSpace (Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology)
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Water dispersible ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots: Assessment of cellular integration, toxicity and bio-distribution
No full textQuantum dots (QDs) comprise an emerging group of materials with innumerable number of possibilities in biological research including cellular labelling. Among the leading members in this category, ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) hold greater attractive possibilities in imaging primarily due to their higher biocompatibility and dispersibility. Nevertheless, the inherent toxicity of ZnSe/ZnS QDs is not yet completely explored which largely compromise most of their biomedical application potential. Strong blue emitting water soluble QDs effectively synthesized by aqueous phase route. Synthesized QDs further subjected to various optical and physicochemical characterization. Approximately 5–6 nm sized ZnSe/ZnS QDs illuminated bluish green fluorescence under UV lamp. Present study addresses possible adverse effects of ZnSe/ZnS QDs in hepatic system using HepG2 cells; which is the routinely employed in vitroliver cell model. A bundle of assays wasperformed out to reveal the cytotoxic nature of ZnSe/ZnS QDs and the mechanism behind it. Herein, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADME and T) of ZnSe/ZnS in mice were profiled in detail followed by intravenous (i.v.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. In a short review, it could be state that ZnSe/ZnS QDs did not exhibit any significant in vivo toxicity outcome in mice
Prevalence and patterns of multi-morbidity among 30-69 years old population of rural Pathanamthitta
No full textTissue Engineered Small Diameter Vascular Graft made of Electrospun Scaffold and Adipose DeriYed Stem Cells: Fabrication and Functional EYaluation
No full textAssessment of carotid plaque vulnerability using 3 tesla magnetic resonance imaging and its correlation with carotid endarterectomy histopathology
No full textBioengineering a pre-vascularized pouch for subsequent islet transplantation using VEGF-loaded polylactide capsules
No full textThe effectiveness of cell transplantation can be improved by optimization of the transplantation site. For some types of cells that form highly oxygen-demanding tissue, e.g., pancreatic islets, a successful engraftment depends on immediate and sufficient blood supply. This critical point can be avoided when cells are transplanted into a bioengineered pre-vascularized cavity which can be formed using a polymer scaffold. In our study, we tested surface-modified poly(lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) capsular scaffolds containing the pro-angiogenic factor VEGF. After each modification step (i.e., amination and heparinization), the surface properties and morphology of scaffolds were characterized by ATR-FTIR and XPS spectroscopy, and by SEM and AFM. All modifications preserved the gross capsule morphology and maintained the open pore structure. Optimized aminolysis conditions decreased the Mw of PLCL only up to 10% while generating a sufficient number of NH2 groups required for the covalent immobilization of heparin. The heparin layer served as a VEGF reservoir with an in vitro VEGF release for at least four weeks. In vivo studies revealed that to obtain highly vascularized PLCL capsules (a) the optimal VEGF dose for the capsule was 50 μg and (b) the implantation time was four weeks when implanted into the greater omentum of Lewis rats; dense fibrous tissue accompanied by vessels completely infiltrated the scaffold and created sparse granulation tissue within the internal cavity of the capsule. The prepared pre-vascularized pouch enabled the islet graft survival and functioning for at least 50 days after islet transplantation. The proposed construct can be used to create a reliable pre-vascularized pouch for cell transplantation
Toxicity of dextran stabilized fullerene C60 against C6 Glial cells
No full textElevated application potential of fullerene C60 paved the way to think on its adverse effect when it reaches to biological system and environment. Though fullerenes are insoluble in water, various strategies are employed to make it soluble. Method of solubilization with organic solvents, yield cytotoxic responses both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, dextran was used to stabilize C60 particle. Fourier transformed-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and transition electron microscopy (TEM) were used for characterization and it confirms effective surface stabilization and morphological characteristics. This was followed by various cytotoxicity studies to evaluate its bio-nano interactions. The results of the study suggest that the dextran stabilized C60 nanoparticles (Dex-C60) forms uniform suspension in water and was stable up to 72 h. The C6 glial cell-Dex-C60 interactions indicated that the Dex-C60 nanoparticles penetrate deeper into the cells and cause dose dependent toxic response. The result of the study recommended that Dex-C60 nanoparticles should undergo intensive risk assessment before biomedical applications and should take proper safety measure to avoid its entry to the environment
Long term Osseo integration study of acid etched and SLA surface trated titanium implants in Ranbbit model
No full textStrategies to tune electrospun scaffold porosity for effective cell response in tissue engineering
No full textTissue engineering aims to develop artificial human tissues by culturing cells on a scaffold in the presence of biochemical cues. Properties of scaffold such as architecture and composition highly influence the overall cell response. Electrospinning has emerged as one of the most affordable, versatile, and successful approaches to develop nonwoven nano/microscale fibrous scaffolds whose structural features resemble that of the native extracellular matrix. However, dense packing of the fibers leads to small-sized pores which obstruct cell infiltration and therefore is a major limitation for their use in tissue engineering applications. To this end, a variety of approaches have been investigated to enhance the pore properties of the electrospun scaffolds. In this review, we collect state-of-the-art modification methods and summarize them into six classes as follows: approaches focused on optimization of packing density by (a) conventional setup, (b) sequential or co-electrospinning setups, (c) involving sacrificial elements, (d) using special collectors, (e) post-production processing, and (f) other specialized methods. Overall, this review covers historical as well as latest methodologies in the field and therefore acts as a quick reference for those interested in electrospinning matrices for tissue engineering and beyon
Comprehensive biology of antipyretic pathways
No full textPyrogens, the fever inducing substances accidently enter into a human body through contamination from medical or pharmaceutical products may create mild to severe complications including septicaemia and shocking syndromes. To avoid such drastic situations all the pharmaceuticals and medical devices are analysed for presence of pyrogens prior to their release into market. The entry of exogenous pyrogens like bacterial endotoxins induces the release of endogenous pyrogens or inflammatory cytokines that activate immune system to defend against these pathogens. Generation of heat is considered as one of the important defence mechanism of body achieved through receptor mediated interaction of endogenous pyrogens at the thermoregulatory centre of hypothalamus. However, uncontrolled fever and febrile reaction may cause lethal effects to the subject itself. So a well sophistically functioning antipyretic mechanism is necessary to achieve thermoregulation. The coordinated interaction of antipyretic cytokines and other mediators are active in human immune system which play a crucial role in maintaining thermal homeostasis. The multiple interacting antipyretic signals and their mechanism are the major subjects of this review