SCTIMST DSpace (Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology)
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In vitro and In vivo toxicity analysis of zinc selenium/zinc sulfide (ZnSe/ ZnS) quantum dots
No full textDespite the versatility of quantum dots (QDs) in optoelectronics and biomedical field, their toxicity risks remain a considerable hindrance for clinical applications. Cytotoxicity of Cadmium containing QDs is well documented and reveals that they are toxic to cells. Reports suggest that the presence of toxic elements at the QD core (e.g., cadmium, selenium) is responsible for its toxicity in in vivo and in vitro levels. Hence, here the toxicity of heavy metal free ZnSe/ZnS QDs on two scenarios were assessed, (i) HEK cells as in vitro system and (ii) Swiss Albino mice as in vivo model. Before toxicity analysis, QDs subjected to various optical and physico-chemical characterization methods such as absorption and emission spectra analysis, observation under U.V light, TEM, DLS, Zeta potential, FTIR, Raman and XPS spectra, ICP-OES, TGA and DTG curve. It is very necessary to characterize the synthesized QDs because their toxicity greatly influenced by the physico-chemical properties. On checking the vulnerability of HEK cells on exposure to ZnSe/ZnS QDs, the obtained results disclose that ZnSe/ZnS QDs showed merest impact on cellular viability at a concentration less than 100 μg/ml. Acute toxicity of 10 mg/kg ZnSe/ZnS QDs was studied in mice and no clinical or behavioural changes were observed. It did not induce any changes in haematological parameters and any loss of body or organ weight. Moderate pathological changes were evident only in the liver, all others organs like kidney, spleen and brain did not show any manifestations of toxicity. Current work lays substantial bedrock for safe biomedical and environmental application of ZnSe/ZnS QDs in near future
Complicity of degradable polymers in health-care applications
No full textPolymeric biomaterials have revolutionized biomedical technology and related fields as biomaterials for health-care applications. Recent trend in polymeric medical technology has adapted a tendency to substitute degradable polymers instead of non-degradable synthetic polymers for the advancement of various health-care modalities. They have got considerable attention for their potential in various interdisciplinary arenas, which implies tissue engineering scaffolds, sustainable drug release, delivery agents, regenerative medicine, and development of life-saving devices, implants, dental products as well as in food technology. Various types of degradable polymers are been developed to date having stringent features applicable for various aspects in modern science. Thus, being the most renovative field of biomedicine and biomedical technology degradable polymers has gained substantial acceptance and appreciation recent times. This review critically underlines various degradative polymers and their subtypes, potential applications, types of degradation, and their possible effects in the biological system. Assessment of possible toxicological risks behind is an important criterion to be focused before validating any biomaterial safe for biomedical applications. Therefore various toxicological assessment strategies and their impact in biomedicine and technology were also included. In addition, the risk versus benefit assessment is also critically summarized
Role of resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging in patients with dural arterio-venous fistula
No full textFunctional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (FNIRS) imaging for resting state functional connectivity in post stroke recovery
No full textStandardization of niche for in vitro differentiation of adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes and co-culture with endothelial progenitors
No full textSemi-Supervised Nonnegative Matrix Factorization of Wide-Field Fluorescence Microscopic Images for Tissue Diagnosis
No full textThis study tests the use of a constrained nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm to explore the comparatively new field of chemometric microscopy to support tissue diagnosis. The algorithm can extract the spectral signature and the absolute concentration map of endogenous fluorophores from wide-field microscopic images. The resultant data distinguished normal and fibrous calvarial tissues, based on the changes in their spectral signatures. The absolute concentration map of endogenous fluorophores, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and lipofuscin were derived from microscopic images and compared with the fluorescence from pure fluorophores. While the absolute concentration of NADH increased, the same of FAD and lipofuscin decreased from a normal to fibrous calvarial condition. An increase in the optical redox ratio, possibly due to the metabolic changes during the development of fibrosis, was observed. Differentiating tissue types using the absolute concentration map was found to be considerably more precise than that achievable with relative concentration. The quantification of fluorophores with reference to the absolute concentration map can eliminate uncertainties due to system responses or measurement details, thereby generating more biologically apposite data. Wide-field microscopy augmented with a constrained NMF algorithm could emerge as an advanced diagnostic tool, potentially heralding the emergence of chemometric microscopy
Prospective comparative study of hemodynamic parameters following excision of brain arteriovenous malformations – a pilot study
No full textAccelerated long-term forgetting and autobiographical amnesia in temporal lobe epilepsy.
No full textOrgan distribution and biological compatibility of surfacefunctionalized reduced graphene oxide
No full textGraphene is an sp2 hybridized allotrope of carbon with a honeycomb lattice structure that has many applications in biomedicine owing to its unique physico-chemical properties. Graphene has attracted much interest from scientists for its biomedical potential, including in drug/gene delivery, fluorescent labeling of target analytes, tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and MRI contrast enhancement. However, there are very limited data available concerning the toxicity of graphene, and efforts have been made to study the bio-nano interactions of Pluronic functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO-P) in animal models. The present study aimed to evaluate the systemic toxicity of rGO-P and its ability to cross the blood–brain barrier in Swiss Albino mice subject to acute exposure to 10 mg kg−1 body weight of rGO-P. Prolonged exposure was evaluated in female Wistar rats by analyzing feto-placental transmission and any associated developmental neurotoxicity after intravenous administration of 5 mg kg−1 and 10 mg kg−1 body weight of rGO-P. Biodistribution analysis using confocal Raman mapping indicated that tiny amounts of rGO-P accumulated in major organs of both dams and pups, with no evident toxic response. The accumulation of rGO-P in various tissues of rat pups born to treated dams is ample evidence of feto-placental transmission. The present study clearly suggests that rGO-P is not toxic under any of the experimental conditions. These findings can therefore be carried forward for application of rGO-P in drug/gene delivery, early diagnosis and treatment of various diseases in neonates and adults. The results of the study show that rGO-P is an auspicious and promising material for future healthcare applications
