Repositorio de Datos de Investigación de la Universidad de Chile
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Extractos de entrevista sobre la vestimenta en San Pedro de Atacama
No full textLos presentes audios fueron recolectados en el marco del proyecto FONDECYT N°1211017, y nos revelan la importancia de la vestimenta como un medio de diferenciación y segmentación en la sociedad rural, minera e indígena de San Pedro de Atacama durante el siglo XX.
Estos registros sonoros constituyen un testimonio proporcionado por una mujer que nació en este lugar hace 94 años. En sus narraciones, aborda temas como la confección de prendas, tipos de telas, tendencias de moda, calzado, pantaletas y otros elementos que reflejaban tanto la posición social de cada individuo como su pertenencia a diversos grupos sociales.
Para llevar a cabo este estudio, se aplicó un enfoque etnográfico que combinó observación participante, conversaciones, entrevistas y la revisión de archivos y fotografías familiares. El objetivo era analizar el discurso y significados relacionados con la vestimenta a lo largo de este período histórico y comprender su influencia en la estructura colectiva de esta comunidad
Replicación de datos para: First reports of envenoming by South American water snakes Helicops angulatus and Hydrops triangularis from Bolivian Amazon: A one-year prospective study of non-front-fanged snakebites.
No full textAlthough snakebite incidence is underestimated in Bolivia, the Amazon region presents the highest incidence of these accidents. The local effects of bites by some non-front-fanged colubroid (NFFC) snakes are usually confused with that of viperids, resulting in the improper use of antivenoms and medications. Since the scarce information on clinical treatment and management of NFFC bites from Bolivian Amazon, we conducted a prospective study of NFFC snakebites by reviewing the records of patients admitted with a snakebite diagnosis at Hospital Central Ivirgarzama, Bolivia. Snakebites were recorded for 12 months (December 2019-November 2020), including information about the sex and age of the patient, snakebite date, and treatment. Eight (5.7%) of 152 patients were bitten by NFFC Helicops angulatus, Hydrops triangularis, and Erythrolamprus sp. Our results showed that 5/7 patients had prolonged clotting time and INR, as well as local edema and mild pain, suggesting systemic envenoming. Previously non-documented mild coagulopathy was observed for H. angulatus and H. triangularis bites. In some cases, incorrect first-aid measures, and inappropriate use of bothropic/lachesic antivenom were administrated. All the patients received supportive therapy and antihistamine drugs. Unsupported use of non-evidence-based treatments for snakebites such as corticoids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and prophylactic antibiotic prescription were recorded. In conclusion, we describe the first formally documented snakebite cases produced by NFFC from Bolivia, highlighting the urgent need for training of the medical team in the snake identification , clinical management of snakebite, and the existence of a human-snake conflict involving NFFC species
Replicar los datos para: High levels of connectivity over large distances in the diadematid sea urchin Centrostephanus sylviae
No full textMost benthic marine invertebrates with sedentary benthic adult phases have planktonic larvae that permit connectivity between geographically isolated populations. Planktonic larval duration and oceanographic processes are vital to connecting populations of species inhabiting remote and distant islands. In the present study, we analyzed the population genetic structure of the sea urchin Centrostephanus sylviae, which inhabits only the Juan Fernández Archipelago and the Desventuradas Islands, separated by more than 800 km. For 92 individuals collected from Robinson Crusoe and Selkirk Islands (Juan Fernández Archipelago) and San Ambrosio Island (Desventuradas Islands), 7,067 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained. The results did not show a spatial genetic structure for C. sylviae; relative high migration rates were revealed between the islands. An analysis of the water circulation pattern in the area described a predominant northward water flow with periods of inverted flow, suggesting that larvae could move in both directions. Overall, this evidence suggests that C. sylviae comprises a single large population composed of individuals separated by more than 800 km
ANEXO: ficha de los personajes protagónicos de Big Little Lies
No full textLas series pueden estudiarse como productoras y reproductoras de representaciones sociales, especialmente en relación con las problemáticas contemporáneas. En este trabajo, a través de una metodología cualitativa, se aborda lo que sucede con las protagonistas femeninas de la serie Big Little Lies, estrenada en 2017, que lleva el estandarte de contar historias sobre mujeres actuales. A partir de la teoría de las representaciones sociales y desde una perspectiva de género, se analiza de qué manera la serie pretende asumir un discurso de ruptura al rol tradicional asignado a las mujeres en la sociedad y, sin embargo, reproduce ciertos estereotipos de belleza y de los modos tradicionales de subjetivación femenina, lo cual permite vislumbrar una contradicción entre el discurso y la producción final. Por otro lado, en la serie se evidencian situaciones de violencia hacia la mujer, lo cual se aborda contemplando la complejidad que le es inherente
Replicar los datos para: Genetic diversity in a restricted-dispersal kissing bug: The Center-Periphery Hypothesis halfway
No full textThe center-periphery hypothesis (CPH) postulates that populations close to the center of a species’ distribution will exhibit higher genetic diversity and lower genetic differentiation than populations located at the edge of the distribution. The center of a species distribution might represent an optimum for the environmental factors influencing the species absolute fitness and therefore, genetic diversity. In species with wide distribution, the geographical variation of biotic and abiotic variables is crucial to understand the underlying mechanisms of the CPH. We evaluated the CPH and specifically tested which environmental variables better explained the patterns of genetic diversity in the kissing-bug Mepraia spinolai, one of the main wild vectors of Chagas disease in southern South America, distributing across three Mediterranean climatic ecoregions in Chile. We analyzed 2380 neutral Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) to estimate genetic diversity. The mean winter temperature, the mean summer temperature, vegetation cover, population abundance, proportion of winged individuals and female abdomen area were measured for each kissing bug population to construct a model. Lower genetic diversity was detected in populations at the edge of the distribution compared to those in the center. However, genetic differentiation was not higher in the periphery. Genetic diversity was related to climatic and biological variables; there was a positive relationship with mean winter temperature and a negative association with mean summer temperature and body size. These results partially support the CPH and identify biotic (abdomen area) and abiotic (winter/summer temperatures) factors that would affect genetic diversity in this restricted-dispersal species of epidemiological relevance
DATA - Construction and validation of a scale of losses experienced in old age (SLO)
No full textThe table contains the data from the pilot application of the Old Age Loss Scale (SLO
Topoclimatic zoning of continental Chile
No full textThe design of the main cartography (Topoclimatic zoning of Chile) was carried out with the great latitudinal extension of this country in mind, therefore, a division of the study area into two layers was carried out to achieve the maximum possible scale of visualization (1: 2,000,000). Because of this, a sheet size A0 was also used. In the available space above, the cartography title was placed and under it the name of the authors. On the upper right side, the affiliations and institutional logos, since there was no more space available. The legend and relevant information on the cartography was located to the right of the map to improve its understanding, leaving first the legend of the main product (topoclimates) and then other referential information to help in its description (rivers, administrative centers, boundaries) and below Chile's location in South America, scale of visualization and additional information on the origin of the information
Effects of non-modifiable and long-term modifiable factors on cardiovascular non communicable diseases self-management among Chilean adults when the Covid-19 pandemic eclipses health access
No full textEffects of non-modifiable and long-term modifiable factors on cardiovascular non communicable diseases self-management among Chilean adults when the Covid-19 pandemic eclipses health access. Objective: to study the effect of selected non-modifiable and long-term modifiable factors over self-management
Sombrero Bombín
No full textEl Bombín, también conocido como Bowler, Coke, Billy Coke o Billycock o Derby, tiene una fascinante historia ligada a su nombre y origen. Este peculiar sombrero se remonta a su creación en 1849, siendo ideado por Thomas Bowler de Lock & Co, una prestigiosa firma ubicada en St. James's Street, Londres.
Su génesis está envuelta en la tradición de Lock & Co, donde se dice que el nombre del sombrero surgió del cliente que encargó su diseño, estableciendo así su denominación. Inicialmente asociado con el ámbito de la caza y las competiciones ecuestres, este nuevo estilo de sombrero pronto fue adoptado por hombres de negocios urbanos, banqueros y funcionarios.
Su uso inicial en actividades cinegéticas y eventos ecuestres evolucionó hacia un accesorio común en entornos bancarios y de oficina. Este sombrero distintivo fue llevado por personajes notables como Charles Chaplin, dándole aún más relevancia histórica y cultural.
Una anécdota interesante relata cómo un familiar del primer conde de Leicester solicitó a Lock & Co la confección de un sombrero resistente para proteger las cabezas de los guardabosques de Holkham Hall, ya que los sombreros de copa alta que solían llevar no eran adecuados para montar a caballo.
Este Bombín específico ha sido registrado en un documento fotográfico personal, conservado y exhibido en el Museo Histórico Nacional. Se describe como un sombrero tipo hongo, con una copa redonda baja y alas levantadas en los costados, destacando una cinta negra con un lazo a un costado, distintivo de la sombrerería A. Launay situada en Ahumada 335. Su materialidad se compone de fieltro de pelo de conejo negro, complementado con una faja de poliéster de 30 mm de altura.
Esta descripción detallada no solo ilustra las características físicas del Bombín, sino también su rico trasfondo histórico y su relevancia en diversos ámbitos sociales y culturales