Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Excise board workshop 1995: The budget process for Oklahoma County governments with budget boards
No full textFarmer's attitudes on participation in water quality improving conservation practices in model implementation projects: The Little Washita River Watershed, Oklahoma
No full textStudy of rater uncertainty when comparing victim typologies with homicide case data
No full textIntroduction/Objectives: Victimology is a new field at only 86 years old. Research in this field is sparce but necessary since victims are an important and vulnerable aspect in the field of Criminology. Victimology’s focus is to try and understand the relationship between the victim and the offender. By understanding this relationship can help to understand the reason why crime occurs. In the criminal justice system, victims have been seen as disposable and categorized as such. The founders of this field (Benjamin Mendelsohn, Hans von Hentig, Stephan Schafer, Marvin Wolfgang, and Menachem Amir) all created classification systems that helped to categorize victims. Each one of these typologies looks at biological, social, and psychological factors that play a role in how much or how little involvement or blame may be placed on the victim.Methods: After looking into the history of this field, research on victims has been focused on cases of rape which is why the data for this study utilized homicide cases. Data surrounding 564 closed homicide cases were comprised and presented to subjects so they could be rated based on the typology instructions presented. Utilizing a pairwise inter-rater reliability and Friedman’s test, several significant relationships were found to exist between victim typologies.Results: The results of this study are still being worked out because there have been some minor changes to the test that we have run. The findings to this point are as follows Mendelsohn victim typology Gwet’s AC1 coefficient 0.192 meaning slight agreement, Hans, von Hentigs victim typology AC1 coefficient of 0.134 meaning slight agreement, Stephan Schafer victim typology AC1 coefficient of 0.107 meaning slight agreement, Marvin Wolfgang’s victim typology AC1 coefficient of 0.028 meaning fair agreement, and finally Menachem Amirs AC1 coefficient of 0.415 meaning a moderate amount of agreement. Comparing all five of the typologies is the portion of the experiment that is still on going.Conclusions: The preliminary results show that three out of the five victim typologies have slight agreement between raters suggesting that this agreement may be due to chance and not due to actual agreement between the raters. The other two typologies that are being looked at have a moderate level of agreement meaning that these two typologies may be a good way to classify victims of homicide. However, even with these results it is important that the typologies are tested to make sure that there were no issues with the protocol, and trainings that the raters received. This research needs to have more work done with it to determine if these typologies can be utilized with all types of crime and to see if there should be changes made to the typologies to better answer the question why crime occurs and to help us better define the victim and criminal relationship
Evaluating data-sharing policies and author compliance in leading cardiology journals
No full textObjective: To assess the prevalence, content, and application of data-sharing statements (DSS) in high impact cardiology journals.Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of global mortality. Significant investments are made in CVD research, underscoring the need for high-quality research. Data-sharing is essential to advance medical research by enhancing transparency and accountability. Despite its importance, adherence to DSS in published manuscripts remains inconsistent.Methods: A comprehensive literature search in MEDLINE (PubMed) identified clinical studies published in five of the top cardiology journals between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2023. Data extraction was performed using a standardized form in a masked, duplicate manner, and hierarchical logistic regression was applied to identify influential characteristics related to the inclusion of DSS. Furthermore, a qualitative analysis was conducted to describe common themes in statements, and corresponding authors were contacted to assess their willingness to share data.Results: Of the 1,116 articles meeting inclusion criteria, 477 (42.74%) included a DSS. Clinical trials had a higher rate of DSS (48.17%) compared to cohort studies (29.25%). Journals with higher impact factors were more likely to include DSS. The most common theme in DSS was the "gatekeeper" role, where data access requires contacting an entity. Only 27.68% of authors responded, with less than a third willing to share data. Higher impact factor, open access status, and blended funding sources positively influenced DSS inclusion.Conclusion: While the prevalence of DSS in cardiology research is increasing, significant gaps remain. Enhancing transparency and reproducibility in cardiology research will require overcoming barriers to data-sharing and ensuring that DSS commitments are upheld. Furthermore, journals and funding agencies should enact and enforce more stringent DSS policies or explore the use of Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines as a framework for data-sharing practices
Examination of clinical trials for post-operative, non-opioid pain management within the National Library of Medicine’s Clinical Trials Database
No full textIntroduction/Objectives: Clinical trials are essential for the advancement of medical practice and patient care. In recent decades, opioids have been widely prescribed for managing post-operative pain, resulting in significant dependence and overuse. This study assesses recent clinical trials from the National Library of Medicine’s Clinical Trials database that utilize non-opioid treatment approaches for post-operative care.Design Methods: We searched for interventional trials registered at ClinicalTrials.gov from January 2009 through December 18, 2024. The trials were included in our analysis if they assessed only non-opioid post-operative pain management.Results: From the search of ClinicalTrials.gov, 52 trials were returned, from which 3 were excluded for being non-interventional and 2 were excluded for only including opioid treatments. Of the 47 trials included in the analysis, 22 (46.8%) were completed, 14 (29.8%) were active (or in enrolling or preenrolling stages), 7 (14.9%) were discontinued (suspended, terminated, or withdrawn) and 4 (8.5%) had unknown status. Among the completed trials, 21 (95.5%) used non-opioid drugs, while 1 (4.5%) used devices such as continuous local wound infusion (CLoWI). Of note, 11 (23.4%) of the 47 trials were specific to women, and 24 (51.0%) were conducted in the US.Discussion/Conclusion: Given the harms of opioid overuse, there is an urgent need for post-operative medical practices that reduce the risk of resultant dependence on these drugs. Our results showed that 47 non-opioid trials for post-operative pain have been registered since 2009. Among those trials, nearly half were conducted outside the United States, which is particularly noteworthy given the impact of the long-lasting opioid epidemic in the U.S. Additionally, nearly 1 in 4 trials were exclusive to females with the majority evaluating NSAIDS or local anesthetics as non-opioid alternatives for alleviating postoperative pain following cesarean section or gynecological surgery
Intersection syndrome scoping review
No full textBackground: Intersection syndrome is an overuse injury involving the tendons of the first and second dorsal compartments of the wrist, frequently seen in individuals performing repetitive wrist movements. Despite its clinical significance, the condition remains underrecognized, often resulting in delayed diagnosis and treatment. This scoping review aims to systematically map the existing literature on intersection syndrome, focusing on its clinical presentation, diagnostic modalities, and treatment approaches.Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies examining clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes for intersection syndrome in human populations were included. Data were extracted and synthesized using a thematic framework, highlighting gaps in the current evidence base.Results: The review identified key findings related to the variability of symptoms, the utility of diagnostic imaging modalities such as ultrasound and MRI, and the effectiveness of treatment options ranging from conservative management to surgical interventions. Recurrence rates and long-term outcomes were inconsistently reported, emphasizing the need for standardized approaches and robust comparative studies.Conclusion: This review underscores the critical need for standardized diagnostic criteria and evidencebased management guidelines for intersection syndrome. Further high-quality research is required to address gaps in understanding and improve outcomes for patients with this underrecognized condition
Effectiveness of isolated eccentric strengthening exercise compared to combination muscle contraction exercise in reducing dysfunction in patients with achilles tendinopathy: A critically appraised topic
No full textClinical Scenario: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a prevalent overuse injury affecting the Achilles tendon and rehabilitation frequently incorporates eccentric contraction exercises. This critically appraised topic assesses the comparative effectiveness of isolated eccentric exercises and a combination of contraction types in reducing dysfunction, utilizing the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A) scale as a measure.Clinical Question: For AT patients, are isolated eccentric strengthening exercises as effective as combination with concentric or isometric muscle contraction to decrease dysfunction?Summary of Key Findings: A literature search was conducted on the effectiveness of an eccentric-only exercise protocol and an eccentric with concentric or isometric exercise protocol to improve the VISA-A Scale score of AT patients. All studies demonstrated that there was no significant difference in VISA-A Scale score improvement between the eccentric exercise only group and the eccentric and concentric exercise group or the eccentric and isometric exercise group.Clinical Bottom Line: The evidence suggests that eccentric exercise alone can reduce dysfunction in patients with AT.Strength of Recommendation: There is a grade B recommendation to support the effectiveness of isolated eccentric exercise for improving dysfunction in AT patients