Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Homemade seed harvester for sweet clover
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Effect of injector intrusion for aerated liquid jets in supersonic crossflows
No full textThe atomization of liquid fuels in supersonic crossflows, a characteristic of scramjet engines, is a challenging task due to the complex nature of supersonic flows. The specific study presented here aims to investigate the shock-spray interaction and spray structure in the vicinity of the injector within the supersonic combustor. The measurements include the plume's penetration height, droplet size distribution, and shock-to-spray distance. All measurements were taken for two different injector nozzles; one that was flush with the test section floor, and one that intruded into the flow by 7.9 mm. The water jets were aerated with a GLR of 4% and injected into a supersonic crossflow (M=2). Both the near-field region, x/dₒ = 0 ~ 50, and the far field region, x/dₒ = 50 ~ 100, were considered.
The interaction of the spray with the supersonic flow has revealed the following conclusions. The nozzle that intruded into the flow did not retain its 7.9 mm increase in height as the spray propagated downstream. The penetration heights using holography were higher compared to earlier measurements using phase doppler anemometry and shadowgraph techniques. The nozzle intrusion provided a more consistent droplet diameter reduction as the plume propagated downstream whereas the flush nozzle produced larger droplets and resists the atomization process. The nozzle that intruded into the flow induces a more erratic wave propagation of the plume, and thus, has a high variance in its plume-to-shock distance.
Atomized droplet data acquisition using digital inline holography is a tedious process. In response to this challenge, an automated droplet diagnostic tool was developed. The algorithm identifies all droplets, enumerates them, and highlights each one in red. The challenge of background noise was overcome by achieving accuracy with an error rate of 1% of the human-eye droplet count. A parameter that made primary contributions to the error rate was the binary level setting. A primary correlation for the diagnostic’s performance was revealed with the native void fraction of the image. Empirical efforts reveal the diagnostic performance functions at an optimal state when the void fraction was > 90%
Power of partnerships in NC Reconnect colleges
Get PDFThe Power of Partnerships report examines how strategic collaborations between community colleges and external partners drive student success and workforce development. It highlights best practices for building sustainable relationships with industry, nonprofits, and local communities to expand educational access and economic opportunities. Through case studies and faculty insights, the report underscores the role of shared resources, aligned goals, and innovative programs in strengthening institutional capacity and meeting regional needs. These findings emphasize partnerships as a critical lever for advancing equity and resilience in higher education.falseEducational Foundations, Leadership and Aviatio
Survey of UAV mounted landmine detection technology capabilities with consideration for soil and vegetation types
No full textOne of the greatest threats posed to human life after a conflict is unexploded ordinances in the form of landmines, improvised explosive devices (IEDs), and bombs. In 2021 alone, it is estimated that over 5,500 people died from unmarked landmines, most of them civilians (Billy, 2023). The traditional method of landmine detection is slow, expensive, labor intensive, and places human lives at risk. Several current studies use remote arial sensing to identify landmines with infrared cameras, RGB cameras, radar, and other technologies. Many of these studies have used machine learning systems to map the locations of landmines but failed to detect fully covered explosives and have been tested in a limited number of terrains. This paper aims to gather data on the various detection methods currently being tested and identify their limitations and opportunities, by completing a systematic literature review of the current literature
Honors thesis support paper & lesson plans
No full textThis project focuses on the implementation of Digital Citizenship Education (DCE) into curriculum by incorporating ISTE’s five standards of digital citizenship. This paper focuses on combining the five standards with Digital Literacy Education and Social Studies best practices. By combining these aspects, the report shows how Digital Literacy can be incorporated into curriculum to enhance student learning and Digital Citizenship skills. The accompanying lessons plans range from issues related to social issues to citizenship in the United States. The lessons all incorporate aspects of Digital Citizenship and provide examples of how to incorporate it into Social Studies curriculum. This research emphasizes the importance of including DCE in schools and how beneficial it is for students to learn. The goal of this projects is to help provide educators and students with the proper tools and strategies to navigate the constantly changing digital world and encourage civic engagement online and offline
Case study review of performance-based design in fire protection engineering
No full textWhen developing and engineering buildings in the United States, using performance-based design (PBD) varies widely in both application and acceptance, particularly in the field of fire protection. While formal definitions differ between countries and organizations based on application, PBD can be broadly defined as using engineering judgments to achieve set objectives with the intent to protect life and property rather than following strictly prescriptive requirements in model building codes. The use of PBD to engineer all aspects of fire protection within a building is not commonplace within the United States, even throughout the world, and is a rarity with few exceptions. The overall extent of how PBD is used on a global scale is not clear. Additionally, a full performance-based design project – one that separates itself from prescriptive codes to the greatest extent possible – appears to be unheard of within the United States, making the process appear daunting and unfamiliar. Our research examined literature reviews and compared them to several case studies about the extent and process of using PBD both in the United States and globally. Our results found that PBD is becoming used more often, especially where prescriptive designs do not address special features or hazards of a building. A well-defined process exists for using a PBD, which must be followed to have the highest probability of success. It was concluded from the research that a complete PBD design can be achieved, provided that some cultural and organizational norms will need to change to facilitate this practice in the United States
Effects of circuit training on cardiovascular responses during physical preparedness tests
No full textThe purpose of this study was to determine whether the addition of pre-programmed circuit training would improve cardiovascular fitness in trained individuals as well as improve performance on a physical preparedness test. Participants completed a preliminary physical preparedness test and then came in twice a week for four weeks to do a 20-minute circuit in addition to their regular fitness regimen. After the 4-week intervention was complete, participants returned to do the same physical preparedness test. The results showed a significant decrease in average heart rate during the post-circuit Stairmaster test and an average decrease of 1.72 minutes in participants' 2-mile time. These results suggest that there was an improvement in cardiovascular fitness, as well as an improvement in performance on the physical preparedness test
Exploring faculty technology proficiency skills and technology integration knowledge for personalized professional development to enhance online teaching
No full textThe purpose of this study is to explore the varying levels of technology proficiency skills and technology integration knowledge among faculty members teaching online in higher education and propose a theoretical framework that informs the creation of personalized professional development programs. According to the literature, technology proficiency, effective technology integration, and adherence to standards such as Quality Matters (QM) and the National Standards for Quality Online Teaching (NSQOT) are essential for the successful execution of online courses (Ertmer & Ottenbreit-Leftwich, 2010; Kebritchi et al., 2017; Ruggiero & Mong, 2015). The data for this research was collected using surveys and in-depth interviews at Oklahoma State University (OSU). The survey data was collected from 64 respondents who have taught online for at least two semesters at OSU, and nine participants from the survey were selected for the interview. Interview data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The data reveals significant participant variability regarding technology proficiency skills and integration knowledge. According to the data, low proficiency hinders effective technology integration and alignment with standards like Quality Matters (QM) and the National Standards for Quality Online Teaching (NSQOT). This research highlighted some challenges impacting participants' technology integration in an online environment. Participants reported they had limited professional development opportunities and varying institutional support. Most of the participants, five out of nine, mentioned that the professional development they attended did not match their proficiency level, having a minimal impact on their technology integration. These findings underline the need for personalized professional development tailored to individual participants' needs to enhance their technology proficiency. Thus, this study proposes a personalized professional framework to address the identified gap, supporting participants in providing engaging and standard-aligned online learning experiences for their students
Beekeeping for beginners
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Modeling feed grain demand for the U.S. cattle industry
No full textThe most significant expenditures for livestock producers are feed costs. Nutritional considerations, feed prices, feed substitutes, forage availability, and market conditions all impact feed choices. The ruminant biology of cattle allows producers the capability to easily substitute one feed grain for another. A comprehensive understanding of livestock feed grain demand is integral to the beef industry and will enable the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to forecast the impacts of market conditions changes on feed grain demand more precisely. Feed use is typically calculated using the balance sheet approach, which the USDA currently uses to estimate demand. Feed and residual use is equal to total supply minus all other (non-feed-and-residual) uses minus ending stocks.
This research, however, aims to directly estimate beef feed grain demand, specifically corn and its alternatives, to determine the extent to which grains are substituted for one another, including forages, using an optimization model. The model will include nutritional considerations and animal class such as weight, production stage, etc. In this research, the United States was split into nine agricultural regions based on similarities in feed grain production, forage production, and cattle production. The regional characteristics like varying climate, rainfall, and soil type impacts what can be produced within a region. The goal of the model is to find the least-cost feed ration for each region, thus indicating feed demanded.
The proposed least-cost feed ration for the United States requires 5.7 billion pounds of corn, 2.9 billion pounds of barley, 1.2 billion pounds of sorghum, 134 billion pounds of alfalfa, 132 million pounds of corn silage, 1.3 billion pounds of wheat midds, 32 billion pounds of DDGs, 2.1 billion pounds of soybean meal, and 1.3 billion pounds of cottonseed meal. This estimated feed demanded cost approximately $9.45 billion annually. Evaluating feed demand for the United States cattle industry is very complex and comes with a lot of moving parts. Studying methods of improving current estimation strategies will better the quality and completeness of feed use information used by the USDA