Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Endorsement of artificial intelligence guidelines across leading rheumatology journals: A cross-sectional analysis
No full textBackground: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a tool that is revolutionizing research and medicine, including rheumatology. While AI offers numerous benefits, its integration raises concern about ethical use, potential bias, and clinical implementation. The development of effective policies by rheumatology journals is crucial given to the high prevalence and disabling nature of rheumatologic conditions. Our study’s aim is to evaluate rheumatology journals policies regarding the use of AI in research.Methods: We evaluated the instructions for authors of the 71 highest ranked rheumatology journals according to the 2023 SCimago Journal Rankings. Data on AI related policies was extracted by authors including authorship criteria, publication policies, and AI usage in content and image generation. Our analysis included descriptive statistics using RStudio and R(version 4.2.1).Results: Our search initially identified 71 rheumatology journals, of which 67 met inclusion criteria. We found that 37 (55.2%) journals explicitly mentioned the use of AI in their Instructions for Authors. Content generation by AI was prohibited for manuscript writing in 4 (5.9%) journals and prohibited for image generation in 12 (17.9%) journals. Established AI reporting guidelines were referenced by 3 (4.5%) journals.Conclusion: Policies regarding AI usage in rheumatology journals are inconsistent, despite recognition of AI’s growing role. To advance the field, we recommend that rheumatology journals address AI usage in their instructions for authors and endorse the use of established reporting guidelines. Taking these steps will enhance reproducibility, transparency, and ethical integrity of rheumatology research
State of data sharing in plastic surgery: A cross-sectional analysis of journal practices and author adherence
No full textIntroduction: Data sharing is crucial for transparency and reproducibility in research. We aim to evaluate data sharing practices in plastic surgery research, focusing on data sharing statements (DSS), identifying key trends, and assessing follow-through.Methods: We conducted a systematic review of the top seven plastic surgery journals, selecting original research articles published from 2018 to 2023. Data extraction was performed in a masked duplicate manner, capturing DSS presence, funding sources, study design, and publication year. Trends in DSS inclusion over time, study designs, and journals were analyzed. A thematic analysis was conducted on DSS content. Corresponding authors of studies that stated data was available upon request were contacted to assess follow-through.Results: Our review included 727 articles, with only 1.51% (11/727) including DSS. DSS prevalence varied, with the highest in Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (4.42%, 5/113) and the lowest in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (0.43%, 1/235). Clinical trials were the most likely to include DSS (1.92%, 9/469), followed by cohort studies (1.16%, 2/173). Private funding and certain publishers were negatively associated with DSS inclusion, while journal impact factors showed a positive correlation. Responses from authors were not received, indicating a gap between stated intentions and actual practices.Conclusion: Data sharing practices in plastic surgery journals are inconsistent. Although DSS inclusion is encouraged, many studies still lack DSS, and the quality varies. Clearer mandates and enforcement are needed for effective data sharing
State of data sharing in rheumatology: A systematic review of top journal practices
No full textBackground: Insufficient reproducibility in scientific research undermines credibility and progress, particularly in medical fields. Reproducibility requires raw data availability, which is not always provided. The data sharing landscape in rheumatology research has yet to be adequately assessed, leading us to initiate this study. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of data sharing statements (DSS) in rheumatology clinical studies published over the past four years in ten of the top rheumatology journals.Methods: We conducted a systematic review of articles published from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2023, in ten of the highest-impact rheumatology journals. Articles were included if they provided new primary data through original research, and articles were excluded if there was no new primary data found. Prevalence, defined as the proportion of studies including DSS, was the primary estimate.Results: A total of 1,154 articles were identified, of which 41 were excluded for failing to meet inclusion criteria, leaving 1,113 for analysis. Among these, Rheumatology was the most represented journal (286; 25.70%), and clinical trials were the most common study design (591; 53.10%). The highest number of publications occurred in 2020 (314; 28.21%). Overall, 623 (55.97%) had DSS. Six of the eight top rheumatology journals showed an overall increase in DSS prevalence from 2020 to 2023, with Rheumatology reaching 100% in 2023. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis indicated that cohort studies were significantly less likely to include DSS than clinical trials (p = 0.013). Our theme analysis of the 623 articles with DSS revealed that most data were conditionally available (553; 88.75%) or required making a data request (479; 76.89%).Conclusions: Our study describes data sharing practices in rheumatology research, highlighting trends in DSS prevalence and the influence of journal policies requiring DSS statements. While organisations like the American College of Rheumatology and National Institute of Health have promoted these practices, inconsistencies remain. We recommend implementing a standardised DSS requirement during author submission to enhance data transparency in rheumatology research
Association of COVID-19 related anosmia and the structural development of the primary olfactory cortex and hippocampus among pediatric individuals
No full textIntroduction/Objectives: COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on the social aspect of child development. However, few studies have examined its impact on the structural development of children's brains—particularly the olfactory bulb—given the reported anosmia often among those who acquired the virus. This study aims to assess potential structural differences in the olfactory system among children with reported past COVID-19 infections compared with children who did not report having COVID-19 using data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.Methods: We conducted a time-series analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study to determine if the volume of brain structures associated with the olfactory senses were impacted by COVID-19 infection. The ABCD study is a large-scale, longitudinal open-data neuroimaging study that consists of approximately 12,000 children born between 2006 and 2008 at 21 sites across the United States. We used regression analysis to compare the differences in brain volume growth in the structures of the primary and secondary olfactory cortices from scans taken in 2018-2019 to those from 2021-2022 among children in the COVID-19 substudy. Secondarily we compared brain structure development among those with COVID-19 by whether or not they experienced COVID-related anosmia.Results: Of the 9,611 children in the sample, 694 reported having COVID-19. We found no significant differences in the brain structures under study. However, among participants with a prior COVID-19 infection, we did find significant differences in the volume of the hippocampus among those who had lost their sense of smell compared to those who had not (-52.68mm³, SE: 26.73; t = -1.97, P = .049).Conclusions: We found a significant association between children with COVID-related anosmia and smaller hippocampal volume, which may have long-lasting implications for odor discrimination, emotional and memory processing, and potential risks for specific medical conditions. Increased awareness of these complications could help healthcare providers initiate preventative care strategies to mitigate potential adverse outcomes
Trends influencing data sharing statements in high-impact dermatology journals: A systematic review
No full textSkin diseases pose a significant global health challenge, underscoring the need for rigorous dermatology research. Data sharing statements (DSS) are critical for research transparency and collaboration, yet gaps in their implementation raise concerns about reproducibility and validity. This study systematically evaluated DSS prevalence and influencing factors in the top five dermatology journals from 2017 to 2023, and assessed practical data sharing by contacting authors who reported data availability upon request. Out of 1148 articles, 297 included DSS, with clinical trials showing the highest inclusion rate (30.71%). DSS prevalence increased from 4.35% in 2017 to 73.1% in 2023. Open access and industry-funded studies were more likely to include DSS, whereas government-funded studies were less likely. Thematic analysis revealed that conditional availability was common, but actual data accessibility was limited. Despite progress in DSS presence, significant barriers to data sharing remain, highlighting the need for standardized protocols to enhance transparency and reproducibility in dermatology research
Managing spring planted oats for hay production
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Effects of woody plant encroachment on abundance of multiple tick species in the U.S. Great Plains
Get PDFVector-borne diseases are increasing in prevalence, posing a risk to 80% of the human population worldwide. In the United States, tick-borne diseases account for 75% of all nationally reported vector-borne disease cases. As the distribution of medically important ticks and tick-borne diseases increases, it is crucial to understand the factors driving their expansion. Changes in land cover are a known driver of vector-borne disease emergence and prevalence. In the U.S. Great Plains, a dominant form of land cover change affecting vectors and vector-borne diseases is woody plant encroachment (WPE), the expansion of trees and shrubs into grassland ecosystems due to fire suppression and other anthropogenic factors. In this study, we examined whether WPE by eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana, ERC), a widespread encroaching tree in the Great Plains, influences abundance of three medically important tick species, Amblyomma americanum, Dermacentor variabilis, and Amblyomma maculatum. Through CO₂ trapping and flagging, we collected ticks in Oklahoma, USA, in sites capturing open grasslands and three intensifying stages of ERC encroachment. For all analyses, we found that abundances of A. americanum and D. variabilis were higher in the earliest stage of ERC encroachment compared to open grassland, indicating that abundances of these species increase shortly after the onset of encroachment. However, for A. maculatum, a species known to be associated with grassland ecosystems, abundance was lower in areas experiencing ERC encroachment compared to grasslands. Our results suggest that the most effective strategy to managing tick populations in association with WPE is to prevent ERC encroachment entirely or to remove encroachment early on before progression to later stages. Landowners, managers of public and private lands, and public health officials should be aware of the health risks associated with ERC encroachment and consider initiating educational and management protocols to protect their communities.Natural Resource Ecology and ManagementEntomology and Plant Patholog
Sociodemographic analysis of pediatric emergency department visits: 2019 NHAMCS
No full textBackground: Our primary objective was to analyze and describe the population characteristics — including race and ethnicity, age, insurance status, and comorbidities—among all pediatric ED visits included in the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Survey (NHAMCS). Due to prevalent healthcare disparities, our secondary objective was to evaluate the demographic factors in triage level, ED wait times, and intentional vs unintentional traumas and poisoning.Method: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using the 2021 NHAMCS data to determine the prevalence of pediatric ED visits in the United States. Our sample consisted of 337 hospitals in the US, reporting 16,207 ED visits. We used X² tests logistic regression to assess wait times, triage level, and selfinflicted injuries or poisoning.Results: Our results showed that Indigenous children's wait times were twice that of other racial groups. Additionally, rates of ED visits for trauma, poisoning, or overdose were higher in non-MSA regions. Lastly, children aged 15-17 had the highest percentage of emergent triage level visits—nearly double the percentage for all other age group categories.Conclusion: In summary, our study represents a pediatric ED population primarily composed of children under 7 years of age, within MSA regions, and consistent with the national ethnoracial census. More than 12% of pediatric ED patients had 1 or more comorbidities, and nearly 3 in 5 visits were covered through Medicaid/CHIP. To improve overall access and decrease non-emergent ED usage, we recommend that healthcare workers implement extended hours, expanded language services, and use of telehealth
Architectural visualization advanced drawing techniques and rendering in Revit
No full textEffective architectural communication relies on translating complex design concepts into clear and compelling visual representations. Revit, a Building Information Modeling tool, is a widely used digital software in the architecture profession. It offers powerful tools for enhancing this process by integrating 3D modeling, technical documentation, and visualization within a single platform. This research explores the utilization of Revit to develop high-quality visualizations and detailed illustrative drawings for architectural design projects. The study specifically focuses on an equine facility’s design, visualization, and advanced documentation, demonstrating how Revit’s capabilities enhance the visualization and communication of complex design elements. Unlike traditional 2D drafting, Revit enables real-time design iteration, data-driven decision-making, and the generation of high-quality illustrative drawings that support both conceptual development and construction documentation.
The study examines the unique capacity to use Revit to enhance the visualization and communication of architectural design, focusing on the development of an equine facility as a case study. Specifically, the study examines how Revit facilitates the modeling and documentation of equine-specific architectural elements such as structure, space, scale, and function. By refining these visualization techniques, designers can improve project presentations, facilitate client communication, and enhance decision-making in the agricultural architecture sector.
Additionally, this research highlights best practices for maximizing Revit’s modeling and visualization tools to create realistic and informative architectural drawings and graphics that support design intent and strong design communication. This research takes a theoretical approach to architectural visualization, situating Revit within the broader evolution of design communication. By analyzing the role of digital tools in bridging conceptual and technical aspects of design, this study provides valuable insights for architects, students, and professionals seeking to refine their workflows. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how digital visualization tools like Revit can maximize modeling and documentation tools, elevate the design and presentation of equine facilities, and ultimately enhance architectural communication to stakeholders within the agricultural and equine industries.Architectur
Comparing the quality and readability of postoperative instructions for inferior turbinate reduction: Insights from ChatGPT and Google
No full textIntroduction: This study aims to compare the quality of postoperative instructions for inferior turbinate reduction surgery obtained from ChatGPT and Google, using the DISCERN tool and readability assessments. The primary objective is to evaluate the reliability and quality of information provided by these platforms, with secondary outcomes assessing readability metrics.Methods: Postoperative instructions were retrieved from ChatGPT and Google using standardized prompts to simulate common patient queries. Google searches were conducted in a cleared browser environment, and the first 10 nonsponsored results were extracted. Instructions were anonymized, stripped of audiovisual elements, and standardized for analysis. Data were scored independently by two reviewers using the DISCERN tool, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Readability was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade formula. Statistical analyses will involve ANOVA and KruskalWallis tests to compare scores across sources, with significance set at P < 0.05.Preliminary Results: Eleven responses were included in the preliminary analysis, with source distribution as follows: ChatGPT (n = 1), private clinical/hospital websites (n = 7), academic/institutional sources (n = 2), and an online blog/forum (n = 1). Audiovisual aids were present in 63.64% of responses, while advertisements and distractors appeared in 27.27% and 63.64% of responses, respectively.Future Steps: Further steps will involve conducting detailed statistical analyses. Comparative subgroup analyses will evaluate differences between ChatGPT and Google responses in terms of quality and readability metrics. Findings will provide insights into the potential for AI-generated content to enhance patient education.Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest variability in the quality and readability of postoperative instructions across sources. Most materials were written at a high reading level, with private clinical/hospital websites being the most common source. This study highlights the need for more accessible and reliable patient education resources and explores the potential of AI-based solutions like ChatGPT to address these gaps