Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Discovering the prevelance of analgesic medications used at different levels of baseball
No full textIntroduction: Bouts of throwing arm pain and injury are a common occurrence among professional and amateur baseball athletes. Many modalities to treat these are available and are widely used, including; physical therapy, manipulative medicine, non-medicinal and non-invasive anti-inflammatory measures, surgical, rest protocols, and analgesic medications. This study aims to determine the prevalence of analgesics used by baseball players for throwing arm specific pain and correlations that could suggest reasons for why these athletes use these medications.Methods: This is a survey study designed to obtain information about an individual athlete about the number of years played, analgesic use, arm pain, injuries, procedures and surgical procedures on their throwing arm.This study included anyone who had played baseball for at least five years, played at the high school level or higher & was ≥18 years old at the time of completing the survey.Results: The results showed that of the 161 respondents 78.26% (n=126) used analgesics with 72.04% reported arm pain and/or injury and 7.93% (n=10) used medications without reporting any pain and/or injury to their throwing arm. Of the players who took medication, 33.3% (n=42) reported having one or more procedures or surgeries on their throwing arm while 11.42% (n=4) of the athletes who did not use pain medications reported having one or more procedures or surgeries on their throwing arm.Conclusion: These results suggest that analgesic treatment among the different levels of baseball athletics have a significantly high usage of analgesic medication that could be correlated to arm pain, injuries, past surgical procedures or other invasive modalities. A larger sample size is needed to determine a more correct prevalence rate among these athletes and a deeper look into when they started using these medications and for what reason(s)
Effects of pinto bean and resistant starch supplementation on memory and cognition in estrogen-deficient mice
No full textIn the U.S., ~70% of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cases are women. AD pathology progression and memory impairment are more severe in women, which could be triggered by estrogen loss during menopause. Three-month-old C57BL/6 female mice were injected daily with vinyl cyclohexene diepoxide (VCD), an estrogen depletion drug, or vehicle (VH) for 30 days. Mice were then randomly assigned to one of three dietary groups (n=10/group): control, 10% pinto bean (PB), and resistant starch (RS3) for 12 weeks. Behavioral tasks were then conducted, including open-field (OF) maze (a measure of anxiety/stress and exploration), Y-maze (a measure of short-term memory and exploration), and the Morris water maze (MWM) (a measure of learning ability, short/long-term memory, and cognitive function). At harvest, fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and β-glucuronidase were quantified. The OF trials showed no differences between the VCD and VH mice. MWM 24-hour probe trials showed no differences between estrogen status nor diet. However, in the MWM 72-hour probe trials, VH mice traveled further in the annular zone than VCD mice, but differences between dietary groups are unclear. In the Y-Maze, PB-VH mice spent more time mobile than PB-VCD and Control-VH mice and traveled further in the novel arm than PB-VCD mice. Fecal SCFAs and β-glucuronidase were measured at harvest, with RS3 dietary group demonstrating significant elevation of both parameters. The PB dietary group demonstrated higher fecal SCFAs, but not β-glucuronidase. In conclusion, behavior data indicate that VCD mice overall may tend to have lower performance in long-term memory trials than VH mice, but the overall effect of diet on cognition remains unclear. Fecal data indicate that PB and/or RS3 supplementation can significantly increase SCFA and/or β-glucuronidase, which may have benefits to neuronal health. Additional work will examine differences in progressive learning ability/strategy and differences in estrogen expression in the hippocampus to better analyze the neuronal effects of estrogen status and dietary treatment.Oklahoma State University. Niblack Research Scholars ProgramIntegrative Biolog
Construction fall hazard safety training assessment using digital communications
No full textFall protection is a critical concern for the construction industry. Every year, related accidents in buildings cause fatalities, deadly injuries to humans, and tremendous damage to the economy. Workers’ actions and site conditions are the two main issues that cause accidents at construction sites. Fall protection on construction sites has been widely studied as an on-site safety management. Because construction sites are unique in nature, each environment has different safety practices to maintain risk management. Moreover, stakeholders overlook the importance of hazard recognition knowledge, which can improve decision-making skills in times of emergencies. Traditional methods of risk analysis and training systems can be replaced with a virtually simulated environment, which can save a lot of time and money.
Virtual Reality (VR) stands apart from traditional risk assessment approaches like risk matrices, risk checklists, expert judgment, and historical data by offering a computer-simulated method. VR can potentially be a proper medium for training workers as it can realistically simulate an actual construction worksite in a computer environment where a person can train themselves through by not putting themselves in danger of actual worksite hazards and conduct a fall protection training to use the safety knowledge. Recent research on fall safety simulations through VR was mostly on training or education. An immersive training program influences learning performance through motivation, cognitive load, and a sense of presence.
A VR safety management framework can potentially improve construction safety when integrated with construction 3D models and add interactivities for performing safety training to test the effect of immersion. However, these hazard recognition skills and VR training performances can be compared with traditional approaches, like images and videos. It is vital to identify the key differences between traditional methods and game engine software performance. If a replicated construction environment can provide effective safety training, the construction industry can greatly benefit from this approach.Design and Merchandisin
Eastern redcedar and climate change in Oklahoma’s Cross Timbers forests
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Probing ΛCDM and dark energy evolution using high-redshift type Ia supernovae
No full textDistance measurements from Type Ia supernovae have been used to provide one of the most accurate measurements of the Hubble constant in the nearby universe. Recent discoveries of Type Ia supernovae by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) allow us to extend this measurement of the universe's expansion rate up to a redshift of 3. However, at redshifts > 2-3, when the universe is dominated by dark matter, the global properties such as cosmic metallicity and star formation rate are much different from those in the nearby universe. To study the potential evolution of dark energy, this study first focuses on the w0wa-CDM models. We fit the model parameters to the new Type Ia supernovae at redshifts greater than 1.5, which were spectroscopically confirmed by JWST. While our preliminary results remain broadly consistent with ΛCDM, minor deviations underscore possible evolutionary signatures of dark energy or the SN luminosity. In particular, since lower progenitor metallicity may boost SN Ia luminosity with redshift and dark energy parameters (such as wa) have a stronger impact on distance measurements during the dark matter-dominated era, our analysis will assess whether a larger high-redshift SN Ia sample could reveal signs of evolving dark energy rather than merely reflecting luminosity evolution of SNe Ia.Purdie Research Scholars ProgramPhysic
Two relationships, one family: Comparing parent-child bonds in immigrant families through language brokering in the family system
No full textIntra-Family Language Brokering (IFLB) occurs when children of immigrant families translate conversations between family members (e.g. a child translates between their Spanish speaking parent and their limited Spanish speaking sibling) (Leon Cartagena et al, 2024). Often this is due to language attrition in youth cause by English only expectations at school and in the host country. The consequences of language brokering in children have been documented only in external contexts such as in the bank and stores but only two journal articles have mentioned the presence of IFLB in immigrant families. Language brokering positions children in very influential roles in families, roles that may or may not be developmentally appropriate (Tse, 1995b).parents, but. Children who serve as language brokers not only translate and interpret language for their parents but also may be expected to interpret the subtle often-subtle cultural norms that are part of the interactions of families (cite). This research investigates the relationship between parents and their translating children (language brokers or LB) and their children who need translation (NLB). Through qualitative interviews with Spanish-speaking parents and both of their children (NLB and LB) we explore how these distinct roles influence emotional bonds, communication patterns, and family dynamics.
These findings reveal that the translating child (LB) often assumes increased responsibility and emotional overload leading to role reversal, however it can also lead to a stronger bond with their parent. In contrast, the child who needs translation (NLB) may experience a sense of distance from the parent due to the language barriers between them potentially affecting emotional closeness and parental authority. The study highlights the complex interplay between language, culture, and family relationships, offering insights into how translation roles shape sibling dynamics and parental connections. By comparing these two relationships, this research underscores the importance of supporting bilingualism and fostering equitable family communication to strengthen bonds across generations. The poster presentation will visually illustrate these comparisons, emphasizing the emotional and relational consequences of language roles within the family unit.Oklahoma Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation ProgramEducation and Human Science
Functional dissection of the RsbT protein in Bacillus subtilis
Get PDFBacterial cells encounter several forms of environmental stress in their environment. Temperature extremes, acidic or basic environments, and ethanol are examples of environmental stressors. The bacterium Bacillus subtilis is unusual in that it uses cytoplasmic complexes known as stressosomes to detect and respond to these stressors. RsbT plays an important role in mediating the stress response. In the absence of stress, RsbT is sequestered by the stressosome complex. The detection of stress triggers a signaling pathway beginning with the release of RsbT from the stressosome complex and ending with a σB -mediated stress response. Thus, the release of RsbT is crucial to the environmental stress response. Recent experiments revealed that cells lacking stressosomes but retaining RsbT can still respond to environmental stress, implying that RsbT may have innate stress-sensing capabilities. Despite its importance in the signaling pathway, the specific regions of RsbT critical to its function are poorly understood. A previous study identified several amino acid positions within RsbT that block the wild-type stress response when mutated. Knowing that RsbT can work independently of the stressosome, the question is whether these mutations impact the stress-sensing capabilities of RsbT or only impact its release from the stressosome. Through selective mutations of amino acids within RsbT, their contributions to the overall structure and function of the protein can be better understood. A less reactive amino acid such as alanine will be used in seven different point mutations. We will assess the σB responses of these mutants in strains both containing and lacking stressosomes.Microbiology and Molecular Genetic
Emergency department opioid prescribing trends among provider types: An analysis of the NHAMCS, 2019-2021
No full textBackground: Despite efforts to mitigate high opioid prescription frequencies, previous research showed minimal change within emergency departments (ED) in the United States, and few studies investigate prescription provider types. Thus, our primary objective was to assess opioid prescribing rates by differing healthcare team members using data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS).Methods: Using the 2019-2021 NHAMCS, we calculated the overall opioid prescription rate during ED visits by provider type. Next, we estimated opioid prescription rates by provider type annually and determined differences by year using design-based X² tests and regression models.Results: From 2019 through 2021, 7,428 of 50,548 visits involved opioids, representing 15.62% of all ED visits. During this timeframe, 16.59% of total encounters with opioid prescriptions were among attending/consulting physicians. This was followed by physician assistants (13.91%), nurse practitioners (10.67%), and residents (7.28%). Compared to 2019, opioid prescribing rates showed no significant changes; however, resident physicians showed a significant decrease, and RNs showed a significant increase.Discussion: From our analysis, opioid prescribing rates in the ED were highest among attending/consulting physicians, and rates among physician assistants and nurse practitioners were higher than 10%. Resident physicians had a significant decrease in opioid prescriptions, while RNs had an increase—likely due to new laws enacted during this timeframe. Removing barriers to alternative pain management for acute and long-term care may lessen rates of opioid prescriptions—including patient and provider training, physical therapists inclusion, and osteopathic manipulative therapy incorporation
Exploring the effects of galvanotaxis on 3D bio-printed coaxial fibers
No full textAdapting 3D printing to create custom devices and medications has seen significant interest in biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences. Many are exploring the usage of 3D printing to develop cell-laden structures for use in drug screening and 3D cell culture development. However, the effect on cells of bioprinting and bioinks is not well understood. The movement of cells due to electrical stimulus, known as galvanotaxis, is a phenomenon observed in many cell types including neurons, and adult stem cells. Previously our group engineered a compact galvanotaxis device that is easily adaptable to in vitro cultures. Our group observed elongation of cells after printing through a 34G nozzle. The functional effects of such changes to the cell are not well understood. Some results found indicated some cells align with the electrical field and the potential of using 3D printing for developing cell-containing devices. This study looked to expand on this research by repeating the electrical stimulus procedure on coaxial printed fibers. Coaxial structure can be found in the human body in veins, arteries, and intestines. These structures are arranged concentrically around a central lumen. The purpose of this study was to understand the role that galvanotaxis plays in the potential morphological changes of elongated human astrocyte 3D bioprinted coaxial fiber.Lew Wentz FoundationChemical Engineerin
Driving [research into] OER sustainability for student success
No full textThis session highlights the efforts of the Driving OER Sustainability for Student Success (DOERS³) Collaborative, a coalition of over 30 public higher education systems and organizations dedicated to promoting the use of open educational resources (OER) to enhance student success. The presentation focuses on a forthcoming publication that compiles case studies detailing how OER research is designed, implemented, and communicated across various levels, aiming to build a shared understanding of methodologies and foster a community dedicated to exploring OER's impact on student success.Peer reviewedLibrar