Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Impact of socialization on student intent to persist and flight training outcomes
Get PDFThe United States’ airline industry is currently unable to meet passenger demand due to a limited pilot labor supply; a problem exacerbated by the fact that student retention remains a significant issue within the civil flight training industry. The aim of this quantitative study was to investigate the relationship between the socialization of student pilots within aviation-training organizations, student intention to persist, and training outcomes as demonstrated by the number of flight hours needed to reach both solo flight and the attainment of the private pilot certificate. It also sought to compare the extent to which socialization is promoted within different types of flight training environments. It was hypothesized that increased levels of socialization would be predictive of greater intention to persist, reduced to hours to solo and reduced hours to reach private pilot certification. It was also hypothesized that Part 141 flight schools would be more likely to promote socialization than any type of Part 61 training environment. Eligible respondents were invited to take an online survey that assessed pilot background and experience, levels of socialization, and intention to persist in training. Participants were divided into a student pilot or certificated pilot sample. A regression analysis of the student pilot sample (N=51) revealed that socialization is predictive of intent to persist [β=.642, p<0.001]. A Pearson correlation analysis of certificated pilots (N=223) did not indicate a significant relationship between socialization and hours-to-solo or hours-to-certification. Finally, a one-way ANOVA showed that the organization of a flight training program affects student socialization levels [F(3,50)=3.166, p=0.038]. Tukey post hoc analyses indicated a significant difference in socialization between students training in a Part 61 school (M=3.131, SD=0.733) and students training at a flying club (p=0.021). These findings point to the importance of emphasizing the social environment to improve student pilot retention
Ley de libertad de comida casera; Homemade food freedom act
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Locality and local gazetteers in the republic: a case for the continuity of spatial order
No full textThe way late imperial political elites in China positioned themselves in the tianxia - their life world - can be described as a balance between polity and locality, which was often accompanied by an enduring sense of local identity. This article argues that despite the fall of the tianxia concept in modern China, the age-old locality-polity relationship and the elite local identity did not disappear. Taking the flourishing local gazetteer production of the Republican era as a case, I suggest that instead of suppressing locality, the crisis of the polity and the coming of the nation-state in China brought it more to the foreground. The decline of locality in China's political culture occurred only after the communist takeover. The study makes use of the Local Gazetteer Research Tools (LoGaRT) developed by Max Planck Institute for the History of Sciences.Histor
Closing critical gaps to enable a circular plastics economy
No full textGlobal Petrochemicals, a leading manufacturer of basic chemicals and high-performance polymers, would like to satisfy consumer demands to reduce plastic waste via optimized engineering process designs and societal innovations. In order to fulfill their commitment of producing 10% of their plastics from recovered plastic waste, Global Petrochemical must design and invest in new process technology for Pyoil purification and plastic waste recycling facilities in Bali, Indonesia. To fulfil the outlined goals of Global Petrochemicals, a preliminary design of a Pyoil purification system was created to purify oil from pyrolyzed plastic waste. Fractionated products from the pyrolyzed oil were designed to meet specification requirements and be transported to an ethylene plant in Southeast Asia. Process safety and economic performance were considered when creating and optimizing the preliminary design. In addition to the preliminary design of a Pyoil Purification Unit, strategies for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of a manual sorting and collection facility in Bali, Indonesia were included in final process economics
Real-time performance model for NFT chains
No full textThis paper sets forth a bivariate, real-time NFT (nonfungible token)model based on a Markovian queueing process. This model is proposed with the goal of simulating and observing the performance of an NFT system as it behaves under real-time constraints, as well as to see how various on-/off-chain transaction rates, service rates, blocksizes, and deadline-miss rates affect the overall performance of the system. The system is assumed to operate at a steady state, thus allowing for each probabilistic state (which at a given time consists of i on-chain transactions and j off-chain transactions that have arrived) to be calculated using balance equations (all incoming transactions to a state equal all outgoing from the state). The Markovian assumption necessitates that the full state space sum to 1.0, and because all states derive from P₀,₀ P₀,₀ may be solved in terms of the rest of the states and then substituted back into the equations for the other states, thus facilitating the computation of the remaining probabilities. On-/off-chain transaction rates λₒₙ and λₒբբ , service rate µ , and deadline-miss rate λբ are the primary variables within the model, and λբ is the key variable for modeling the real-time behavior of the system (λF represents a failure for a transaction to meet the deadline, and it causes the current state to self-loop). An analysis of the system via metrics including wait time, average number of transactions, and throughput is presented. Furthermore, a method for varying λբ such that it is state-dependent is proposed for future work
Outer membrane proteins and nitrogen acquisition in colonization of the mouse intestine by E. coli
No full textE. coli persistently colonizes the mammalian intestine by using mechanisms that are not completely understood. Among the various factors affecting colonization, structural components of bacteria and nutrient availability are key. Our laboratory, and others, have studied the roles of some structural components such as flagella, LPS and pili, and acquisition of carbon and energy sources by E. coli in the intestine. In this study, using mice as the mammalian model system, we studied the role of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) in E. coli colonization and how E. coli obtains nitrogen in the intestine. We specifically investigated the role of three different OMPs (OmpA, OmpC and OmpF) in colonization of the intestine by E. coli. We showed that OmpC contributes to bile tolerance and is therefore important for colonization while OmpF, which has a larger pore size that allows toxic bile salts to pass into the periplasm, is detrimental to E. coli colonization. An ompF mutant colonized the intestine better than the wild type during competition because of higher production of OmpC. However, higher production of OmpC alone is not sufficient for better colonization unless ompF is deleted from the cell. To determine how E. coli obtains nitrogen in the intestine, we performed RNA-sequencing to identify upregulated nitrogen uptake genes/pathways in colonized E. coli. RNA-seq revealed that nitrogen is not limiting in the streptomycin-treated mouse intestine, as genes controlled by the nitrogen limitation activator NtrC are downregulated despite NtrC being important for E. coli in the intestine. This suggests an additional role for NtrC besides nitrogen regulation in the intestine. Using genetic knockouts in upregulated nitrogen assimilation pathways, we discovered that serine is a limiting nitrogen source for E. coli in the intestine. N-acetylneuraminic acid appears to be an important carbon and nitrogen source for E. coli. Although not limiting, aspartate and ammonia also contribute to the nitrogen supply for E. coli in the intestine. In conclusion, our work provides a better understanding of the mechanisms of E. coli colonization in the intestine
Statistics anxiety and statistics self-efficacy in doctoral online statistics: A mixed methods study
No full textUsing concurrent mixed methodology, this study explored how doctoral students experience high statistics anxiety and low statistics self-efficacy as they worked through an accelerated, online introductory statistics course. Qualitative results indicate that high statistics anxiety and low self-efficacy are negative encounters for most in that they experience frustration, tension, and felt “incompetent” and “inadequate.” Quantitative results showed a significant main effect of time on the combination of statistics anxiety & self-efficacy, as well as a significant interaction of prior experience and time on the combination of statistics anxiety and self-efficacy. Mixed integration results found no significant correlations between total STARS and CSSE scores with four salient qualitative themes: struggling to choose the correct test to answer a research question; wanting more practice to increase confidence; experiencing tension when engaging in statistics coursework, and struggling to use SPSS – using the program and interpreting the relevant output.Psycholog
Exploring value creation in ECHO Education Nigeria social learning space: A qualitative case study
No full textThis study utilized a qualitative case study design to explore participants' perspectives regarding the value of ECHO Education Nigeria (EEN) program. EEN is a social Learning Space created for educators in Nigeria in 2021. A survey on value creation was disseminated to all participants of EEN, and subsequent interviews were carried out with a subset of participants who achieved high scores on the survey. The data analysis process followed a constant comparative method, wherein gathering and analysis of data took place simultaneously. Data were coded; codes were consolidated into categories and subsequently themes emerged. Findings indicated that EEN had a noteworthy influence on the participants' professional development, career progression, and overall satisfaction with their jobs. The perception of value creation within the social learning space of EEN was derived from active engagement, the dissemination of knowledge to a broader audience, alignment of objectives and aspirations, and the fostering of empowerment and agency. Participants underscored the significance of collaboration, peer learning, and practical application of knowledge. This study makes a valuable contribution to the existing body of literature on effective professional development programs, highlighting the significance of customizing these programs to align with educators' specific needs and interests. Findings from this study have significant implications for further research, theoretical frameworks, and practical applications. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing professional development programs tailored to specific contexts. Nevertheless, it is crucial to acknowledge that this study specifically concentrated on early impacts of EEN. Consequently, additional research is warranted to investigate the enduring transformative impacts of EEN
Experimentation and validation of UAS mounted wind sensors for microscale wind mapping
No full textUAS technologies are becoming more widely utilized in civil and commercial fields and military applications. Amazon’s drone delivery service and Boeing’s eVTOL air taxi are some examples of this. With small urban UAS applications becoming common, infrastructure, such as urban wind gust modeling known as “wind mapping” is being developed. Safety and efficiency of UAS operations are strongly impacted by low-altitude wind, such as gusts around buildings. Gusts can negatively affect pilot operations, reduce flight time, and cause damage to the UAS system. For this project, a fleet of specialized UAS quad rotors collected local wind data around buildings and urban environments to aid in creating a “wind map” to model gust behavior. UAS systems equipped with ultrasonic anemometers were experimentally validated through comparison flights near Oklahoma Mesonet towers and mast mounted anemometers. Wind measurements were then collected around buildings on the Oklahoma State University campus, specifically the Kerr-Drummond buildings, to model wind gusts inside of an urban environment to create a “wind map” model concept. Through the validation process it was determined that the UAS mounted wind sensors could accurately measure wind speed within 1 m/s of known accurate wind sensors. The experimental wind map result from the Kerr-Drummond flights resulted in finding high turbulence areas to avoid during urban UAS operations
Insights into mechanisms of antifungal activity by innate immune cells
No full textCryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes over 180,000 annual deaths in HIV/AIDS patients. Innate phagocytes such as dendritic cells
(DCs) and macrophages are the first cells to interact with the pathogen, with destruction
inside a mature lysosome through degradation with acid hydrolases and reactive
oxygen/nitrogen species. This work investigates the mechanisms of antifungal activity by
innate immune cells. Previous studies have shown that innate immune cells will either
allow for intracellular growth or kill the fungus by recognizing, phagocytosing, and
finally destroying the fungus within a mature lysosome using both oxidative and
nonoxidative mechanisms. We hypothesize that there are certain subsets that allow for
differential interactions of the fungus and that killing by nonoxidative means is made
possible by many different lysosomal proteins. Results showed several lysosomal
proteins affected the growth of C. neoformans. Proteins that killed or inhibited the fungus
did so in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, protein concentrations needed for
cryptococcal inhibition were found to be non-cytotoxic to mammalian cells. Results also
showed all macrophage and dendritic cell subsets interacted with the fungus, and both
living and killed morphologies were discernable within the subsets using imaging flow
cytometry. Single-cell RNA-seq identified several different clusters of cells which more
closely related to interactions with C. neoformans and its protective capacity against the
pathogen rather than discrete cellular subsets. Differential gene expression analyses
identified several changes in the innate immune cell as it kills the fungus, including
increases of TNF-α and a switch to fatty acid metabolism by upregulation of FABP4.
Also, increases of TNF-α correlated to cryptococcal interactions. These data show
signaling networks that regulate expression of many different genes—both metabolic and
immune—as certain clusters of cells mount a protective response. This protective
response is facilitated by proteins that have antifungal activity and are well tolerated by
mammalian cells. Future studies will examine these proteins, genes, and networks to
understand the exact mechanism(s) these subsets use to kill C. neoformans in order to
develop immunotherapeutic strategies to combat this deadly disease