Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
Not a member yet
42035 research outputs found
Sort by
Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)-assisted data quality monitoring approach for out-of-distribution detection of high dimensional data
No full textData quality monitoring plays a critical role in various real-world engineering system inspection problems. Anomalous or invalid inspection data commonly exist due to computer/human recording errors, sensor faults, etc. Thus, an efficient tool to detect data anomalies is critically needed. However, it is challenging due to high dimensionality, unknown underlying distribution, insufficient sample size, and high level of noise. To address these challenges, an effective approach that can learn the underlying distribution of normal data with anomaly detection rules was developed. In this approach, the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) was employed to identify the underlying distribution of normal data and filter out noise. After using the trained GAN to generate points of the learned distribution, a k-nearest neighbor-based approach is used to define the anomaly detection rules. In the proposed approach, the normal records are used to train the GAN and establish the control rule. Specifically, after training the GAN using the normal records, the pairwise distances over all the GAN-generated data points are calculated, and the k-nearest neighbors for every single data point are accordingly determined. Then, the average distance from each single data point to its k-nearest neighbors is calculated as the statistics to indicate the data quality and establish a control chart. When a new record comes in, its similarity to the GAN-generated distribution can be evaluated by the established control chart to identify whether the new record is anomalous or not.Industrial Engineering and Managemen
Surface integrity in ultraprecision machined single crystal CaF₂
No full textThis research investigates the effects of machining parameters of tool rake angle and stepover on the surface quality, mechanical properties, and optical performance of single crystal CaF₂. Six CaF₂ specimens were machined on the (111) surface using single point diamond turning with variable tool rake angles (0° and -20°) and stepovers (0.5 µm, 1 µm, 3 µm). Atomic force microscopy showed an increase in surface roughness and fracture pits by using a -20° rake angle tool and machining with stepovers of 1 and 3 µm. Nanoindentation revealed an increase in hardness for the machined samples compared to pristine CaF₂, attributed to machining-induced defects. The extent of indentation size effect increased with using -20° rake angle and larger stepover, indicating greater subsurface damage. Stress-strain curves obtained from nanoindentation exhibited higher yield strengths for the machined crystals, comparable to the measured hardness. Optical characterization was performed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and scatterometry. The results demonstrated that machining with a negative rake angle and increasing the stepover led to increased scattering and lower transmission, correlated to the surface roughness, and subsurface damage
Effects of hay maturity on the enteric methane emissions, forage intake, energy metabolism and digestion by beef heifers
No full textRuminants are a primary source of food security and play an essential part in sustainable agriculture. Ruminants consume fibrous feedstuffs and convert them to highly nutritional food and consumable products. While doing this, ruminants produce greenhouse gases that contribute to climate change. Enteric methane is produced as a byproduct of the fermentation of ruminants. Enteric methane production is also an energy loss to the ruminant system. Forage quality has an impact on the amount of enteric methane that is produced. As forages mature, nutritive value declines with declining crude protein and increasing fiber content. Enteric methane production tends to increase as the quality of forages decline. Due to the impact enteric methane production has on the environment and to the producer, it is important to research ways to mitigate enteric methane production. Globally, wheat is grown on more than 240 million hectares. Along with grain it provides pasture, hay, silage, and straw as feed for ruminants. Therefore, our objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects that feeding heifers long-stemmed wheat hay cut at three different maturities had on intake, digestion, metabolism, and enteric methane emission by beef heifers. Twelve heifers were used in a 34-day feeding experiment fed over three 7-day periods. Heifers were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 maturities including wheat hay cut at the stem elongation stage, wheat hay cut at the booting stage, and a mature wheat hay cut at the milk grain stage. Hay was fed at ad libitum plus a daily supplement of pellets were offered via an automated head-chamber system that measures carbon dioxide and methane emissions, and oxygen consumption while supplement was consumed. The results of our experiment showed that dry matter intake decreased linearly as the wheat matured. Hay maturity had a significant negative linear effect on metabolizable energy intake and digestible energy intake. As the hay matured, heat production decreased linearly. Hay maturity had a decreasing linear effect on total enteric methane emissions but did not have an effect on methane yield as expressed as g of methane/kg of DMI. However, carbon dioxide emissions and oxygen consumption decreased linearly as wheat matured. Digestibilities of the immature, intermediate, and mature hay were 76.22%, 68.01%, and 58.57%, respectively. These results indicate that as forage matures it has a negative effect on dry matter intake, carbon dioxide emissions, oxygen consumption, heat production, metabolizable energy intake and digestible energy intake, but did not have an effect on methane yield
Limits on anomalous trilinear gauge boson couplings from WW, WZ and Wgamma production in pp[over ¯] collisions at √s=1.96 TeV
No full textWe present searches for the anomalous γWW and ZWW trilinear gauge boson couplings from WW and WZ production using lepton plus dijet final states and a combination with results from Wγ, WW, and WZ production with leptonic final states. The analyzed data correspond to up to 8.6 fb⁻¹ of integrated luminosity collected by the D0 detector in pp[over ¯] collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV. We set the most stringent limits at a hadron collider to date assuming two different relations between the anomalous coupling parameters ∆κᵧ, λ, and ∆g Z1 for a cutoff energy scale Λ = 2 TeV.Physic
Analysis of cultural elements in selected festive advertisements
No full textCultural knowledge and understanding are fundamental in a multiracial society like Malaysia. One of the ways to foster a good relationship between people of different cultural backgrounds can be achieved through the use of media. One of the means of such a message that could be disseminated to the public is through festive advertisements. Previous studies have shown that the portrayal of culture in ads is a pivotal element that should be considered by all advertisers in producing festive advertisements. This study aims to explore whether the content of festive advertisements in Malaysia portray and deliver messages that could potentially assist in fostering a good relationship between races in Malaysia. A quantitative content analysis was done on ten festive ads. These ads were selected based on pre-determined criteria – 1) ads have to be produced by a local company, 2) uploaded on YouTube, and 3) related to the festive season. For this research, a festive ad is defined as advertisements related to festivals celebrated by the Malaysian community. Research results revealed that the majority of the selected festive ads for this study portrayed positive values that could assist in fostering good relations among people of different cultural backgrounds. The element of togetherness has been used across different festive ads to intensify the need for cross-cultural understanding, especially during festive seasons.Media and Strategic Communication
FgFHBe is a sporulation protein that interacts with TaHRC1s, resulting in susceptibility in wheat
Get PDFFusarium graminearum is a fungal pathogen that causes Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), a cancer-like disease in wheat. The international wheat community has made significant efforts to map and clone resistance genes in the past three decades, and the gene TaHRC1 was cloned from a locus on the short arm of chromosome 3BS in common wheat. However, there were two contrasting mechanisms of the same TaHRC1 gene, conferring wheat resistance or susceptibility to F. graminearum. Here, we report the fungal effector FgFHBe, a previously uncharacterized protein in the fungal kingdom, which targeted TaHRC1s protein to promote FHB disease. Mutation of the FgFHBe gene through clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (Cas9)-mediated genome editing resulted in the fungal strains incapable of producing asexual spores and spreading hyphal growth on wheat spikes, indicating that FgFHBe was required for sporulation and virulence of F. graminearum. We designed three wheat anti-TaHRC1 antibodies and revealed the actual start codon for translation of the TaHRC1s protein and the naturally mutated amino acids that caused a loss of its ability to interact with FgFHBe, solving the two contradictory mechanisms of TaHRC1 proteins conferring susceptibility and resistance to F. graminearum. The previously characterized allele in ‘Sumai3’ should not be resistant but non-susceptible to F. graminearum, and this allele is thus referred to as TaHRC1ns This study provides insights into precisely editing TaHRC1s to create mutants that FgFHBe cannot target and developing new fungicides to target FgFHBe to protect cereal crops from FHB
Presence of a substrate strengthens the jet generated by upside-down jellyfish
No full textUpside-down jellyfish, Cassiopea, are prevalent in warm and shallow parts of the oceans throughout the world. They are unique among jellyfish in that they rest upside down against the substrate and extend their oral arms upwards. This configuration allows them to continually pull water along the substrate, through their oral arms, and up into the water column for feeding, nutrient and gas exchange, and waste removal. Although the hydrodynamics of the pulsation of jellyfish bells has been studied in many contexts, it is not clear how the presence or absence of the substrate alters the bulk flow patterns generated by Cassiopea medusae. In this paper, we use three-dimensional (3D) particle tracking velocimetry and 3D immersed boundary simulations to characterize the flow generated by upside-down jellyfish. In both cases, the oral arms are removed, which allows us to isolate the effect of the substrate. The experimental results are used to validate numerical simulations, and the numerical simulations show that the presence of the substrate enhances the generation of vortices, which in turn augments the upward velocities of the resulting jets. Furthermore, the presence of the substrate creates a flow pattern where the water volume within the bell is ejected with each pulse cycle. These results suggest that the positioning of the upside-down jellyfish such that its bell is pressed against the ocean floor is beneficial for augmenting vertical flow and increasing the volume of water sampled during each pulse.Mechanical and Aerospace Engineerin
Exploring Belizean high school principals’ practices through the lens of the culturally responsive school leadership framework
No full textThis study aimed to investigate Belizean high school principals’ leadership practices through the lens of the Culturally Responsive School Leadership (CRSL) framework. This study's results inform of the CRSL practices Belizean high school principals use in their diverse school settings across the country of Belize. The results also compared principals’ practices by location, gender, and types of schools (funding sources). A survey research design was used in this quantitative study and conducted on the Belizean high school principals’ population. The following research questions guided this study: (1) What practices of the culturally responsive school leadership framework do Belizean high school principals currently employ? (2) Is there a significant difference between urban and rural Belizean high school principals’ leadership practices regarding CRSL components? (3) Is there a significant difference between Belizean high school male and female principals’ leadership practices regarding CRSL framework components? (4) Is there a significant difference between government, government-aided community, government-aided denominational, and private Belizean high school principals' leadership practices regarding CRSL framework components?Results indicated that Belizean high school principals employ leadership practices according to the CRSL framework. The principals’ leadership practices were similar despite their location, gender, and funding sources. Recommendations for future studies and implications for practice were provided
Mother or womb? The portrayal of women as mothers in ancient near eastern texts
No full textMany assumptions are made about the portrayal of women in the Bible, but what does the text actually portray them as, and how does this portrayal compare to the portrayal of women in other contemporary texts? This project shows that women in Ancient Near Eastern texts do not have personage until they bear a child, and even when they have borne a child, they don’t have any characteristics besides “wife” or “mother” and have no agency. In contrast, women in the Bible are portrayed as fully developed characters even before they have a child, and they have emotions, goals, and agency.Lew Wentz FoundationPhilosoph
Towards defining digital writing quality
No full textThis chapter provides a description of current views towards writing quality and promotes a move toward a definition of digital writing quality. We argue that, because new digital affordances have changed how writing is learned, taught and delivered, the nature of written products has become increasingly multi-dimensional and interactive. Traditional perspectives toward writing quality offer a foundation for understanding the textual features that are essential to defining digital writing quality, but these views largely disregard non-textual and non-linguistic abilities needed to effectively communicate in digital spaces. We thus address contemporary realia to stimulate discussion about how to consolidate various domains of knowledge for defining digital writing quality. Aligning contemporary writing demands to form a comprehensive definition of digital writing quality can help transform the design and development of future writing technologies and curriculum for an increasingly technology-adept learning audience.Englis