Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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Dynamic mode decomposition of the metachronal paddling wake
No full textMetachronal paddling is a drag-based propulsion strategy observed in many aquatic arthropods in which a series of paddling appendages are stroked sequentially to form a traveling wave in the same direction as animal motion. Metachronal paddling’s relatively high force production makes these organisms highly agile, an attractive potential for bio-inspired autonomous underwater vehicles that is complicated by the lack of reduced order flow structure and dynamics models applicable to vehicle actuation and control design. This study uses particle image velocimetry to quantify the wake of a robot performing metachronal paddling. Then, dynamic mode decomposition is used to identify the frequency modes of the wake, which are used to reconstruct a reduced order model at Reynolds numbers of 32, 160, and 516. The results show that the kinetic energy in the metachronal paddling wake is well modeled using a superposition of the first 5 dynamic modes, and that there is typically little change in the reconstruction error when the reconstruction is performed with a higher number of dynamic modes. The low order paddling models identified using this method can be used to identify the physical mechanisms that differentiate metachronal paddling from synchronous paddling, and to develop control strategies to modulate these motions in bio-inspired autonomous underwater vehicles.Mechanical and Aerospace Engineerin
Black rot of grapes
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Hybrid positron detection and optical coherence tomography system: Design, calibration, and experimental validation with rabbit atherosclerotic models
No full textWe evaluate the performance of our novel hybrid optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scintillating probe, demonstrate simultaneous OCT imaging and scintillating detection, and validate the system using an atherosclerotic rabbit model. Preliminary data obtained from the rabbit model suggest that our prototype positron probe detects local uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) labeled with F positron (beta) radionuclide emitter, and the high-uptake regions correlate with sites of injury and extensive atherosclerosis areas. Preliminary data also suggest that coregistered high-resolution OCT images provide imaging of detailed plaque microstructures, which cannot be resolved by positron detection.Electrical and Computer Engineerin
Adherence to reporting guidelines across clinical neurology journals: A preliminary study
No full textBackground: High quality research is depended upon by clinicians for daily practice and advancement of medicine. Reporting guidelines (RG) and clinical trial registration help ensure that studies are performed in a transparent and unbiased manner. For example, the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) is a RG for randomized control trials (RCTs) which has led to improved data reporting and increased usability by clinicians. Additionally, when authors submit a protocol to a public registry prior to commencement of their study, this increases transparency and is shown to reduce bias that may arise during the production of the study. Therefore, applying the use of RGs and clinical trial registration is indicated in all fields of medicine. However, the extent by which journals enforce these methods in the field of clinical Neurology is unknown. Therefore, the primary objective of this study was to examine the proportion of journals that require or recommend adherence to RGs for their study designs in the field of clinical Neurology.Methods: We conducted a Systematic Review evaluating the top 100 journals in clinical Neurology according to the 2021 Scopus CiteScore tool. In a masked, duplicate fashion, data were obtained from each journal’s “instructions to authors” webpage regarding mention of the Enhancing the Quality and Transparency of health Research (EQUATOR) Network and requirement/recommendation of popular RGs as outlined by the EQUATOR Network. Statements regarding clinical trial registration were analyzed in a similar fashion. To mitigate the risk of bias, the editorial team of each journal was contacted to confirm the article types that are accepted.Results: Of the top 100 journals, 51/100 (51%) referenced the EQUATOR Network. The most referenced RG was CONSORT, with 42/100 (42%) journals recommending adherence and 22/100 (22%) requiring adherence. QUORUM was referenced in 2/100 (2.0%) journals, the least referenced RG in our study sample. Regarding Clinical Trial Registration, 12/100 (12%) journals recommended registration, while 53/100 (53%) required it.Conclusion: There are inconsistencies in the adoption of reporting guideline requirements/recommendations and clinical trial registration policies across the top clinical neurology journals. Therefore, we recommend that journal editors better enforce policies regarding these tools to improve the quality of research published
Roots of reciprocity: Gratitude and reputation in generalized exchange systems
No full textSocial scientists often study the flow of material and social support as generalized exchange systems. These systems are associated with an array of benefits to groups and communities, but their existence is problematic, because individuals may be motivated to take from the system without giving back to it. Researchers have identified two broad processes governing prosociality in generalized exchange systems: generalized reciprocity (a person who receives help from someone pays it forward by helping a third person) and indirect reciprocity (a person who helps another establishes a prosocial reputation and, as a consequence, later receives help from a third person). Although generalized exchange systems can be based on either process, generalized and indirect reciprocity are based on different mechanisms and, with few exceptions, have been investigated independently. Here we present an integrated approach to generalized exchange that (1) specifies when each process is most likely to promote prosocial behavior, (2) details the implications for resource inequalities in generalized exchange systems, and (3) describes how generalized and indirect reciprocity jointly influence prosocial behavior. Results from four new experiments strongly support the theoretical arguments.Sociolog
In vivo trans-rectal ultrasound-coupled near-infrared optical tomography of intact normal canine prostate
No full textThis is the first tomography-presentation of the optical properties of a normal canine prostate, in vivo, in its native intact environment in the pelvic canal. The imaging was performed by trans-rectal near-infrared (NIR) optical tomography in steady-state measurement at 840 nm on three sagittal planes across the right lobe, middle-line, and left lobe, respectively, of the prostate gland. The NIR imaging planes were position-correlated with concurrently applied trans-rectal ultrasound, albeit there was no spatial prior employed in the NIR tomography reconstruction. The reconstructed peak absorption coefficients of the prostate on the three planes were 0.014, 0.012, and 0.014 mm-1. The peak reduced scattering coefficients were 5.28, 5.56, and 6.53 mm-1. The peak effective attenuation coefficients were 0.45, 0.43, and 0.50 mm -1. The absorption and effective attenuation coefficients were within the ranges predictable at 840 nm by literature values which clustered sparsely from 355 nm to 1064 nm, none of which were performed on a canine prostate with similar conditions. The effective attenuation coefficients of the gland were shown to be generally higher in the internal aspects than in the peripheral aspects, which is consistent with the previous findings that the urethral regions were statistically more attenuating than the capsular regions.Electrical and Computer EngineeringVeterinary Clinical Science
Materials response to laser/ion irradiation in complex metal oxides: Atomic-scale studies of defects and structural rearrangements
Get PDFDefect formation and atomic rearrangement in ceramic oxides under extremenon-equilibrium conditions are fundamental areas that require a quantitative understanding due to the direct relationship between structure and properties. In this thesis work, the atomic rearrangements and phase transformation are investigated using data analytics methodologies at the atomic-scale which are caused by extreme processes such as ball milling, laser and ion irradiations. In one of the studies, the formation and atomic structure at the twin boundary defect formed by high-energy ball milling in pyrochlore structured Gd₂Ti₂O₇ are studied. Using atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and atomistic modeling, it is revealed that the bond lengths at the twin boundaries are increased, leading to a reduced oxygen migration barrier (~25%) and thus a faster oxygen transport. Further, the complexities of defects created by high-energy laser and ion irradiations are investigated in SrTiO₃, a well-known complex oxide with perovskite (ABO₃) structure. The induced phase transformations in laser- and ion-irradiated SrTiO₃ resulted in an increase of concentration of oxygen vacancies, random network of partially aligned TiO₆ octahedra and transformation of Ti+⁴ to Ti+³. This adaptable defect chemistry in SrTiO₃ makes it a suitable candidate for fast ion conductivity. We further increased the complexity in SrTiO₃ structure by introducing multiple cations (Zr, Sn, Ti, Hf, Nb) at Bsite instead of a single element, i.e. Ti. These oxides are one of the recently developed ceramics that are stabilized with high configurational entropy and are generally termed high entropy oxides (HEO). The structural transformations via ion irradiation of Sr(ZrSnTiHfNb)O₃ (Sr-HEO) are investigated and compared with that in SrTiO₃ to understand the effect of structural complexity. Based on the atomic-scale imaging and data analysis, it is understood that the distortions at BO₆ polyhedra formed in Sr-HEO are more complex in nature due to the presence of multiple cations at B-site in Sr-HEO compared to SrTiO₃. Using in situ electron irradiation studies, it is established that the amorphous phase formed in Sr-HEO remains stable under prolonged electron irradiation, while the amorphous phase formed under the similar condition in SrTiO₃ readily recrystallize due to relatively lower threshold of recrystallization
Profitability of owning a professional sports team in the United States
No full textEight years ago, during an interview with CNN Business one of the more infamous NBA team owners, Mark Cuban, claimed that owning a sports team was no longer a trophy asset. He said many of the new ownership groups are a consortium with multiple investors and they're seeking to make a strong financial return. It was no longer about wealthy businessmen and women wanting to own the local team but about firms and wealthy investors seeking to turn a profit. I want to explore the truth of this claim and see if these teams actually are strong sound investments that private equity firms or individual family offices should be pursuing
Native milkweed germination guide
Get PDFThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Assessing grapevine bud winter injury
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311