Open Research Oklahoma (Oklahoma State Univ.)
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4-H Home Demonstration Club manual: Third year
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Lead Sulfide colloidal quantum dot-based solution-processed short-wave infrared (SWIR) photodetector
No full textLead Sulfide (PbS) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) have gained significant attention due to their unique optoelectronic properties and potential applications in various fields: photovoltaics, optoelectronics, and bioimaging. In this study, we report a synthesis and fabrication of PbS CQD shortwave infrared (SWIR) photodetectors using a solution processed method. The synthesis involves the controlled reaction between lead oxide and oleic acid in a high-temperature solvent, followed by the addition of a stabilizing ligand (Hexamethyldisilathiane) (TMS)₂S). Differences in reaction time, the optical absorbance, and size and morphology of the PbS CQDs were investigated. The resulting PbS CQDs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The TEM analysis revealed monodispersed PbS CQDs with an average diameter of ~8.8±0.1 nm and an average area of ~57.01 nm. The UV-Vis spectroscopy showed strong quantum confinement effects, with a red-shift in the absorption spectra as the reaction time is increased. Fabrication of the PbS SWIR photodetector was successful as indicated by an increase in the photocurrent compared to the dark current. The external quantum efficiency (EQE) showed a peak wavelength at 1500 nm which is within the SWIR range. The responsivity and detectivity also showed a similar peak at 1500 nm. The synthesis and fabrication of PbS QDs for SWIR photodetector, with controlled size and optical properties presented in this study provides a promising approach for optoelectronics. Further optimization and characterization of the synthesized PbS QDs, and PbS QD SWIR photodetectors will be carried out to explore their full potential
Proximity of troop contributing countries and violence against civilians
No full textUNSC peacekeeping missions are an important tool in the de-escalation of conflicts and the saving of civilian lives. This study examines the relationship between the percent of troops from neighboring troop contributing countries and the levels of violence against civilians during a conflict. I theorized that an increase in the percent of troops from bordering countries in a conflict would trend with a decrease in the levels of civilian violence. The design for this study was comparing data from KathmanUNData showing the percent of troops contributed by neighboring countries to the recorded rates of one-sided violence within a country during a peacekeeping mission from the Upsala Conflict Data Program. The missions examined in this study were MINUSMA, UNMISS, MINUSCA, and MONUSCO. The results of the study were ultimately inconclusive, as both trends supporting my theory were observed, as well as trends not in support of my theory. The findings of my study demonstrate the need for further research from institutions and research groups on the subject
Development of mHealth-based motivational interviewing intervention to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in rural Oklahoma adults
No full textDevelopment of mHealth-based Motivational Interviewing Intervention to Address COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Rural Oklahoma Adults Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine and mHealth platforms among key stakeholders and/or community members in rural Oklahoma counties for development of a Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)-based mHealth intervention to target vaccine hesitancy in rural adults.
Methods: This qualitative study used the broad community model to recruit individuals from counties in Oklahoma with low rates of vaccination using snowball sampling via collaboration with Oklahoma State University Cooperative Extension and Center for Rural Health. Participants completed semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed verbatim and coded using deductive content analysis to classify perceptions into barriers and facilitators. Coding matrices were used to match perceptions with complementary SCT constructs and MI components.
Results: Sixteen interviews were completed with representatives of 13 counties. The majority (87.5%) of respondents were women, ranging from 20-85 years of age (mean: 51.1 years). Salient barriers to vaccination included perceived COVID-19 severity/susceptibility, information inconsistency, desired autonomy, side effect concerns, and conspiratorial thinking (e.g., “…[the community] thinks that [COVID’s] been here for years and somebody just decided to release it on the people.”). Salient facilitators include protecting loved ones and general vaccine information (e.g., “…if people had access to [information about vaccines] and more in-depth opportunities to learn about it, that would have helped.”). Salient barriers to mHealth usage included internet access, community unfamiliar with technology, and age range (e.g. “They're just not changing with the generation, to be honest”). Salient facilitators included necessity, convenience, and quick/easy access (e.g. “If it was user friendly, I'm sure a lot of people would use it”). Intervention messages were developed utilizing SCT constructs and MI components in relation to barriers and facilitators for future implementation into a mHealth platform.
Conclusion: This study documents barriers to and facilitators of obtaining that COVID-19 vaccine that provide critical information for development of an mHealth intervention targeting vaccine hesitancy. Perspectives shared are highly compatible with MI and SCT, thus these can serve as frameworks for intervention content and delivery
End reductions, fundamental groups, and covering spaces of irreducible open 3-manifolds
No full textSuppose M is a connected, open, orientable, irreducible 3-manifold which is not homeomorphic to ℝ³. Given a compact 3-manifold J in M which satisfies certain conditions, Brin and Thickstun have associated to it an open neighborhood V called an end reduction of M at J. It has some useful properties which allow one to extend to M various results known to hold for the more restrictive class of eventually end irreducible open 3-manifolds. In this paper we explore the relationship of V and M with regard to their fundamental groups and their covering spaces. In particular we give conditions under which the inclusion induced homomorphism on fundamental groups is an isomorphism. We also show that if M has universal covering space homeomorphic to ℝ³, then so does V. This work was motivated by a conjecture of Freedman (later disproved by Freedman and Gabai) on knots in M which are covered by a standard set of lines in ℝ³.Mathematic
Transgender voice therapy: A path to self-acceptance
No full textThis presentation highlights a novel therapy practice of providing vocal treatment to transgender clients. Based on findings from therapy sessions, this presentation will showcase results of therapy, the client’s evolving perception of desired vocal traits, and education on effective diagnosis and treatment.In the Fall of 2023, the client came to the Oklahoma State Speech-Language-Hearing Clinic with concerns regarding her voice not matching her gender identity. Upon evaluation, the client was diagnosed with muscle tension dysphonia, a voice disturbance caused by abnormal muscle activity in the absence of structural or neurological abnormalities. Ultimately, the client sought to alter her vocal pitch, resonance, and inflection to complement her gender identity. In doing so, the clinicians hoped to guide the client towards greater acceptance of her voice.At the onset of therapy, the clinicians provided a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) survey to determine the client’s current perceptions of her habitual voice along with her ideal voice. Upon reviewing the results, the clinicians formulated structured activities to target various vocal parameters including decreasing the rate of speech, increasing the use of adjectives and adverbs, and increasing vocal pitch within utterances. Although the client understood what she hoped to achieve with her other goals, she struggled to vocalize her preferred tone. As a result, the clinicians provided the client with various examples such as modeling and vocal traits of female characters in film to assist the client in developing a better understanding of her ideal feminine voice. By the final session, the client exhibited ultimate success by having her ideal voice perspective align with her habitual voice perspective while her actual voice made little to no change. Essentially, two theories of thought served as the foundation for therapy. Namely, altering the actual voice to the measurement desired as well as educating the client and developing her vocal perception. In sharing our findings with other professionals, we hope to shed light on the importance of not only treating the voice but also perception of the voice which may yield better, quicker positive outcomes.Research Experience for UndergraduatesCommunication Sciences and Disorder
Assessing how educational leaders socially construct value through participating in TeleEd
No full textThe purpose of this study was to explore through the Value Creation Framework (VCF) how selected school leaders socially constructed value in the TeleED professional learning environment. Merriam and Tisdell’s (2016) case study methodology guided the research design as it encompassed a qualitative case study. Social constructivism was used as the epistemological perspective to interpret the selected school leader’s experiences in TeleED. Criterion-based selection (LeCompte & Schensul, 2010) was used to purposively select five principals and five superintendents. Data were collected from the ten selected school leaders through interviews, observations, and resources. Data were collected and analyzed, interpreted, and coded using the Wenger-Trayner’s and Wenger-Trayner’s (2020) Value Creation Framework. The VCF helps explain how leaders created value through the use of three conceptual models: social learning spaces, social learning modes, and value creation. This framework did not dictate what the leaders counted as value. Instead, this framework was used to define social learning spaces to understand why the leaders’ participation in TeleED created value. Then, it was used to help explain how their experiences of meaningfulness and agency through social learning in TeleED created value by using the four social learning modes. Furthermore, it aided in organizing and categorizing the value leaders created from their experiences in TeleED. Each conceptual model is equally important to comprehensively understand social learning in terms of value creation. The three conceptual models of the VCF helps to understand what the selected school leaders considered valuable, how their engagement of meaningfulness and agency created value using social learning modes, and how they created value from their participation in the socially dynamic learning space of TeleED. The findings from this study indicate an understanding of how educational leaders constructed meaning and created value from their participation in the socially dynamic learning space of TeleED. This study provides a rare exploration into the entirety of the VCF to gain a comprehensive understanding of meaning-making and value creation
Perceived illness stigma, thwarted belongingness, and suicidal ideation in youth with inflammatory bowel disease
No full textRecent studies have documented the presence of suicide risk in adults with pediatric-onset IBD. However, little is known about suicidal ideation in youth with IBD. Even less is known about potential psychosocial correlates of suicidal ideation in this population. Interestingly, the pediatric IBD literature has identified two key cognitive appraisal variables associated with depressive symptoms in youth with IBD (i.e., stigma and thwarted belongingness) that have also been linked to suicidal ideation in other populations.
The present study investigated the contributions of illness stigma and thwarted belongingness to suicidal ideation in a sample of youth with IBD (N = 180). Based on previous studies examining depressive symptoms in this population, the current investigation examined: 1) the rate of suicidal ideation in a sample of youth with IBD; 2) the direct effects of illness stigma and thwarted belongingness on suicidal ideation; and 3) the indirect association between illness stigma and suicidal ideation through the mediating influence of thwarted belongingness.
Results indicated that 10% of youth (N = 18) reported mild suicidal ideation. Notably, of the 18 youth who reported suicidal ideation, 14 (78%) endorsed clinically elevated depressive symptoms. Primary results revealed significant direct associations between illness stigma and thwarted belongingness and between thwarted belongingness and suicidal ideation. Mediation analysis revealed a significant illness stigma→thwarted belongingness→suicidal ideation path, indicating that stigma had an indirect effect on suicidal ideation - mediated by the influence of thwarted belongingness.
Consistent with previous studies demonstrating a mediating effect for thwarted belongingness in the association between illness stigma and depressive symptoms, the present results suggest that youth who experience decreased social connectedness (i.e., thwarted belongingness) as a function of IBD-related stigma may also be at increased risk for suicidal ideation. Given the high rate of clinically elevated depressive symptoms observed among youth endorsing suicidal ideation, the current findings point to the importance of regular screening for depressive symptoms (and suicidal ideation more specifically) to allow for early identification and appropriate clinical intervention for youth with IBD who may be experiencing significant emotional adjustment challenges
Grasshoppers of the Osage and Pawnee Nations in north-central Oklahoma
No full textThe Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311
Rates and disparities in emergency department treatment of alcohol use disorder
No full textBackground: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) remains the third leading cause of preventable death in the United States. Yet, AUD continues to be undertreated. Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) prescribed in the Emergency Department (ED) has demonstrated efficacy in treating other substance use disorders, prompting recommendations for treatment of AUD as well. Our objective is to identify the prevalence of MAT initiation for AUD during ED visits, as well as demographics and concurrent diagnoses that influence treatment initiation.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional analysis utilizing the Cerner Real World Health database. Patients diagnosed with AUD presenting to the ED between August 2015 to August 2022 were identified using ICD-10 and ICD-9 codes (F10, 303.90). Individuals with a history of opioid use disorder were excluded. The analysis compared the treatment group (TG) of AUD patients who initiated naltrexone (NTX) treatment, with the non-treatment group (NTG) of AUD patients who did not initiate NTX treatment. Analysis encompassed gender, race, diagnoses, and prescribed medications. Our predetermined α level was .05. Statistical analyses were conducted using chi-square testing via IBM SPSS software.Results: 479,548 patients diagnosed with AUD presented to the ED in the study period. The NTG consisted of 476,881 patients and the TG 2,667. There was association between race and initiation of NTX (x24=123.5, p 240 mg/100 mL (12.1% vs. 10.2%) compared to NTG. Gender, nicotine dependence, abdominal pain, and nausea were similar between groups.Conclusions: Initiation rates of MAT for AUD in the ED are influenced by specific diagnoses and reveal disparities across racial groups. Future interventions should tailor treatment protocols for AUD in the ED, considering these identified patterns